Math Properties

Front 1

Additive Identity

Back 1

when zero is added to a number, the sum is that number. Also known as the identity property of addition
Rule: a + 0 = a
Example: 4 + 0 = 4

Front 2

Multiplicative Identity

Back 2

when a number is multiplie dby one, the product is that number. Also known as the identity property of multiplication.
Rule: a(1) = a
Example: 8 x 1 = 8

Front 3

Associative Property of Multiplication

Back 3

the way in which factors are grouped does not change the product.
Rule: (ab)c = a(bc)
Example: [7(2)]3 = 7[2(3)]

Front 4

Commutative Property of Multiplication

Back 4

The order in which numbers are multiplied does not change the product.
Rule: ab = ba
Example: 9 x 5 = 5 x 9

Front 5

Distributive Property (Addition)

Back 5

the product of a number and the sum of two numbers equals the sum of two products.
Rule: a(b+c) = ab + ac
Example: 6(1+2) = 6(1) + 6(2)

Front 6

Distributive Property (Subtraction)

Back 6

the product of a number and the difference to two numbers equals the difference of two products
Rule: a(b-c) = ab - ac
Example: 6(1-2) = 6(1) - 6(2)

Front 7

Additive Inverse

Back 7

The sum of any number and its additive inverse is always a zero
Rule: a + (-a) = 0
Example: 7 = (-7) = 0

Front 8

Multiplicative Inverse

Back 8

Each number has a multiplicative inverse
Rule: a x 1/a = 1
Example: 9 x 1/9 = 1