Math Vocab, Science - Nes Elementary Subtest 2

Front 1

What are Whole Numbers?

Quiz: http://www.mathsisfun.com/whole-numbers.html

Back 1

Whole Numbers are simply the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ... (and so on) No Fractions!

Front 2

Rational Numbers Quiz

Back 2

http://www.mathopolis.com/questions/q.php?id=1667&site=1&ref=/rational-numbers.html&qs=1667_1668_3984_3983_5347_9002_9072_9000_9001_9071

Front 3

What is a rational number?

Back 3

A Rational Number is a real number that can be written as a simple fraction (i.e. as a ratio).

Most numbers we use in everyday life are Rational Numbers. Example: 1.5 is a rational number because 1.5 = 3/2 (it can be written as a fraction) Here are some more examples: Number As a Fraction Rational? 5 5/1 Yes 1.75 7/4 Yes .001 1/1000 Yes -0.1 -1/10 Yes 0.111... 1/9 Yes √2 (square root of 2) ? NO ! Oops! The square root of 2 cannot be written as a simple fraction!

Front 4

What are Integers?

Back 4

Integers are like whole numbers, but they also include negative numbers ... but still no fractions allowed!So, integers can be negative {-1, -2,-3, -4, -5, ... }, positive {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ... }, or zero {0}

Front 5

What are natural numbers?

Back 5

"Natural Numbers" are"Counting Numbers" {1, 2, 3, ...}

Front 6

Whole numbers...

Counting (natural) numbers...

Integers....

Quiz: http://www.mathopolis.com/questions/q.php?id=422&site=1&ref=/whole-numbers.html&qs=422_423_1058_1059_2988_2989_3980_3981_3982_5346

Back 6

Front 7

What is a real number?

Quiz: http://www.mathopolis.com/questions/q.php?id=5383&site=1&ref=/numbers/real-numbers.html&qs=5383_5384_5385_5386_5387_5388_5389_5390_5391_1066_1067_2032_2033

Back 7

Real Numbers are just numbers like:

1, 12.38, −0.8625, 3/4, √2 , 198

Nearly any number you can think of is a Real Number

Real Numbers include:

Whole Numbers (like 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, etc)

Rational Numbers (like 3/4, 0.125, 0.333..., 1.1, etc )

Irrational Numbers (like π, √3, etc )

Real Numbers can also be positive, negative or zero.

what is NOT a Real Number? Imaginary Numbers like √−1 (the square root of minus 1)are not Real Numbers Infinity is not a Real Number

Front 8

How to find the LCD...

Back 8

Multiply the denominators together:

1/3 + 1/6 = ? 3 × 6 = 18

Another way... find out:

List the multiples of the denominator (3): 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, ...

List the multiples of 6: 6, 12, 18, 24, ...

Then find the smallest number that is the same multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, ... multiples of 6: 6, 12, 18, 24, ...

The answer is 6, and that is the LCD.

Hint 8

https://www.mathsisfun.com/least-common-denominator.html

Quiz

http://www.mathopolis.com/questions/q.php?id=928&site=1&ref=/least-common-denominator.html&qs=928_929_1395_1396_1397_1398_3560_3561_3562_3563

Front 9

What is a cell?

Back 9

The most basic unit of life.

The smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of life processes including maintenance, growth, and self-repair.

Front 10

What is Carbon-based biochemistry?

Back 10

Living organisms are characterized by a common carbon-based biochemistry.

Front 11

What is Homeostasis?

Back 11

the ability to maintain a state of internal balance.

Front 12

What is a unicellular organism?

Back 12

a (single-celled) organism.

* bacteria and protists - the single cell performs all life functions.

Front 13

Multicellular (many-celled) organisms have various levels of organization within them.

What are the 5 levels?

Back 13

Level 1: Cells

2: Tissues

3: Organs

4: Organ Systems

5: Organisims

Front 14

What is mitochondria?

Back 14

These break down glucose to provide energy to the cell. Bacterial cells lack most of these organelles.

Front 15

What is choroplasts?

Back 15

An organelle, within a plant cell, which produces glucose through the process of photosynthesis.

Front 16

What do tissues do?

Back 16

These are made up of cells that are similar in structure. They function and which work together to perform a specific activity.

Front 17

Examples of types of tissues?

Back 17

blood, nerve, and bone

Front 18

Humans have what types of tissues?

Back 18

connective, epithelial, muscle, and nerve.

Front 19

The human body has how many organ systems?

Back 19

11

circulatory, digestive, endocrine, excretory, immune, integumentary, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, and skeletal.

Front 20

Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis?

water

carbon dioxide

oxygen

chlorophyll

Back 20

oxygen

Green plants use sunlight to combine carbon dioxide and water to produce sugar and oxygen.

Front 21

Most of the energy captured by photosynthesis is stored in:

carbon dioxide.

oxygen.

glucose.

water.

Back 21

glucose.

Photosynthesis is a process during which the light energy, water, and carbon dioxide are all absorbed by the plant. The plant then uses them to make glucose/sugar, which is the energy/food for the plant. Oxygen is also produced by the plant in this cycle and is released into the air.

Front 22

What are the 6 kingdoms for classifying organisms?

Back 22

Animalia

Plantae

Protista

Fungi

Monera

Archaea

Front 23

What are the 3 types from the 3 domain organism classification system?

Back 23

1.Eukaryotes

2. Prokaryotes

3. Archaea

Eukaryotes - consist of all organisms with cells that have true nuclei and membrane-bound organelles. animals, plants, protists, and fungi—fit into this domain.

Prokaryotes have neither nuclei nor organelles with membranes. True bacteria fit in this domain.

Archaea are microorganisms similar to bacteria in form but genetically so vastly different from everything else on the planet that they deserve their own unique branch on the tree of life. Archaea are often found in extreme environments including acidic conditions, boiling hot springs, deep ocean vents, or polar ice.

Front 24

A specific organism is known by its genus and species.

Every organism is named based on a hierarchy of characteristics

What are the classifications?

Back 24

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

Front 25

What is the difference between a SPECIES and a GENUS?

Back 25

Species - group of genetically distinct, interbreeding organisms,

Genus - collection of related species.

Front 26

Classification of Organisms

Which one of the following is the broadest level of classification? family

class

phylum

order

Back 26

phylum

There are seven classification levels - from kingdom, the most inclusive (many organisms), to species, the most exclusive (only one organism).

(Most General) Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species (Most specific)

KPC OFGS

Front 27

Complete Metamorphosis stages are...

Back 27

four stages.

Egg.

Larva.

Pupa.

Adult.

Front 28

What are Chromosomes?

Back 28

These are microscopic, threadlike structures that contain the genes that carry hereditary information from one generation to the next.

Front 29

Meiosis is what?

Back 29

the process of cell division

Front 30

What is a diploid cell.

Back 30

When two haploid cells combine during fertilization.

Front 31

What is a zygote?

Back 31

A new cell, consisting of genetic material from the mother and father, a new individual is produced.

Front 32

Incomplete metamorphosis is...

Back 32

3 life cycle stages

Egg

Nymph

Adult

Front 33

Different organisms have different numbers of chromosomes. In sexually reproducing organisms, the chromosomes are in pairs - one from mom/dad.

Humans have how many chromosomes?

Back 33

23 pairs

Front 34

What is a eukaryote?

Back 34

All organisms with cells that have true nuclei and membrane-bound organelles.

Front 35

What are Prokaryotes?

Back 35

organisms that have neither nuclei nor organelles with membranes. True bacteria fit in this domain.

Front 36

What are Archaea?

Back 36

microorganisms similar to bacteria in form but genetically so vastly different from everything else on the planet that they deserve their own unique branch on the tree of life.

These are often found in extreme environments including acidic conditions, boiling hot springs, deep ocean vents, or polar ice.

Front 37

Genes are made up of.....

Back 37

DNA

Front 38

The 'building blocks' of genes are....

Back 38

Proteins

Front 39

Proteins are what?

Back 39

The 'building blocks' of genes

Front 40

Proteins are made up of what?

Back 40

Amino acids

Front 41

Meiosis is what?

Back 41

The process of cell division

Front 42

What is the process of cell division?

Back 42

Meiosis

Front 43

Cells that have paired chromosomes are called?

Back 43

Diploid cells

Front 44

What are diploid cells?

Back 44

cells that have PAIRED CHROMOSOMES

Front 45

What process in organism reproduction helps to create diploid cells?

Back 45

Meiosis (the process of cell division)

Front 46

What are haploid cells?

Back 46

Cells that are divided during meiosis that only have a SINGLE CHROMOSOME

Front 47

Cells that only have a single chromosome are called what?

Back 47

Haploid cells

Front 48

Eggs or sperm are...

1. haploid cells?

or

2. diploid cells?

Back 48

Haploid cells. They only have a single chromosome - eggs and sperm

Front 49

When 2 haploid cells combine during fertilization, this results in?

Back 49

A diploid cell

Front 50

Two haploid cells combined make a?

Back 50

diploid

Front 51

The life cycle of certain insects, such as crickets and grasshoppers, is characterized by incomplete metamorphosis - the absence of a(n) __________ stage.

Back 51

Pupal

Incomplete metamorphosis has three stages: egg, nymph, and adult.

Front 52

The basic physical and functional unit of heredity is...

Back 52

DNA

the basic physical and functional unit of heredity

Front 53

Ecosystems may be divided into...

Habitats, Food Chains, Trophic levels?

Back 53

Habitats

Front 54

What is a trophic level?

Back 54

A level of consumption in the food chain

Front 55

Photosynthesis is what?

Back 55

When plants capture energy from the sun

Front 56

When plants capture energy from the sun it is called?

Back 56

Photosynthesis

Front 57

A level of consumption in the food chain is called what?

Back 57

A trophic level

Front 58

Primary consumers eat.....?

Secondary consumers eat....?

Tertiary consumers eat....?

Back 58

1. plants (herbivores)

2. other animals( carnivores)

3. are at the top of the food chain - eagles and lions ( carnivores)

Front 59

herbivores are what?

Back 59

plant eaters

Front 60

What is a food web?

Back 60

Interconnected food chains that are cross linked

Front 61

Symbiotic Relationships are?

Back 61

The close relationship between two unrelated species

Front 62

The close relationship between two unrelated species is?

Back 62

Symbiotic Relationships

Front 63

There are several types of symbiotic relationships. These are?

Back 63

Commensalism

Mutualism

Parasitism

Front 64

Commensalism, Mutualism & Parasitism are from what?

Back 64

Symbiotic relationships

Front 65

Commensalism is what?

Back 65

members of different species live together & one member benefits without seriously affecting the other party. As a rule, the animal that benefits is usually the physically smaller of the two and is known as the commensal, or symbiont.

(Commune)

Front 66

Mutualism is what?

Back 66

Two different species benefit by associating together. For example, many plant species require an animal to visit its flowers for pollination.

Front 67

A parasitic relationship is what?

Back 67

One species receives a benefit from the relationship, to the detriment of the other species.

Front 68

An omnivore is?

Back 68

a kind of animal that eats either other animals or plants

Front 69

One of the most interesting forms of symbiosis. It benefits both species involved. This is called?

Back 69

Mutualism

Front 70

An energy pyramid is....?

Back 70

a graphical model of energy flow in a community. The different levels represent different groups of organisms that might compose a food chain.

Front 71

Place the terms in order from general to most specific.

Family - Genus - Phylum - Species - Class - Order - Kingdom

Back 71

Kingdom - Most general

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species - Most specific

Front 72

What is layering (reproduction)?

Back 72

a stem grows a root, turns into a new plant and detaches from the source.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layering

Front 73

What is a fission?

Back 73

The division of a single entity into into two or more parts and the regeneration of those parts into separate entities resembling the original.

The object experiencing this is usually a cell, but the term may also refer to how organisms, bodies, populations, or species split into discrete parts.

Front 74

What is a flowers carpel?

Back 74

the female reproductive organ

Front 75

vegetative reproduction is?

Back 75

asexual reproduction of a plant.

Only one plant is involved and the offspring is the result of one parent. The new plant is genetically identical to the parent.

http://leavingbio.net/vegetativepropagation.htm