Math K-3 Mtel Study Cards

Front 1

Prime Number

Back 1

A natural number that is greater than 1and has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself

Front 2

Composite Number

Back 2

A positive integer that has at least one positive divisor other than 1 and itself

Front 3

Natural Number

Back 3

A positive integer (1,2,3....)

Front 4

Irrational Number

Back 4

A real number that cannot be made by dividing two integers because the decimal goes on forever without repeating. Pi is an irrational number.

Front 5

Rational Number

Back 5

A real number than can be made by dividing two integers.

Front 6

Integer

Back 6

A number with no fractional part.

Front 7

Fraction

Back 7

A part of a whole. Written as a numerator and denominator.

Front 8

Numerator

Back 8

The "top number" on a fraction. Tells the viewer how many parts of the whole (denominator) there are.

Front 9

Denominator

Back 9

The "bottom number" of a fraction. Tells the viewer how many parts (numerator) make up the whole.

Front 10

Factor

Back 10

Number you can multiply together to get another number. Example: 2 and 3 are factors of 6.

Front 11

Estimate

Back 11

A close guess of the actual value, usually with some thought or calculation involved

Front 12

Inequality

Back 12

Shows that two values are not equal, (greater than, less than, less than or equal to, greater than or equal to)

Front 13

Scientific Notation

Back 13

Where a large number is written in two parts: 1) the digits with a decimal point after the first digit, 2) x10 to a power that will put the decimal point back where it should be

Front 14

Rounding

Back 14

Making a number simpler but keeping its value close to what it was. The result is less accurate, but easier to use.

Front 15

Decimal

Back 15

Based on 10, example: 1.5, 3.8, 4.2, etc.

Front 16

Percent

Back 16

Parts per 100, the symbol is %

Front 17

Prime Factor

Back 17

A factor that is a prime number, one of the prime numbers that, when multiplied, gives the original number

Front 18

Least Common Multiple

Back 18

The smallest positive number that is a multiple of two or more numbers

Front 19

Greatest Common Factor

Back 19

The highest number that divides exactly into two or more numbers, the highest factor that two numbers have in common

Front 20

Order of Operations

Back 20

The rules for which calculation comes first in an expression, PEMAS: parentheses, exponents, multiplication and division, addition and subtraction

Front 21

Exponent

Back 21

The exponent of a number tells you how many times to use that number in a multiplication string. The exponent is written as a small number on the upper right hand side of the base number.

Front 22

Absolute Value

Back 22

How far a number is away from zero. Symbol and example: |-6|=6

Front 23

Ratio

Back 23

Shows the relative sizes of two or more values. Can be written as 1:3 but also can be a decimal, fraction or percentage.

Front 24

Proportion

Back 24

Says that two ratios (or fractions) are equal

Front 25

Slope

Back 25

How steep a straight line is, usually represented as a fraction, example: 3/5=up 3 and over 5

Front 26

Perimeter

Back 26

The distance around a two dimensional shape

Front 27

Area

Back 27

The size of a surface, usually the amount of space inside the boundary of a flat, two dimensional object (i.e. triangle, circle, rectangle, etc.)

Front 28

Volume

Back 28

The amount of three dimensional space an object occupies, otherwise known as capacity.

Front 29

Surface Area

Back 29

The total surface of a three dimensional object

Front 30

Polygon

Back 30

A plane shape that is two dimensional and has straight sides (examples: pentagon, triangle, etc.)

Front 31

Face

Back 31

Any of the individual surfaces of a solid object

Front 32

Edge

Back 32

The line where two surfaces or faces meet, in plane shapes (two dimensional) the edge is the boundary of the shape

Front 33

Vertex

Back 33

A point where two or more straight lines meet, a corner. Plural is vertices

Front 34

Symmetry

Back 34

When one shape becomes exactly like another when you flip, slide, or turn it. The simplest type is mirror symmetry (think of a butterfly's wings, the same on both sides).

Front 35

Congruent

Back 35

The same shape and size. Two shapes are congruent if you can turn, flip, and/or slide one so it fits exactly on the other.

Front 36

Mean

Back 36

The average of a set of numbers, a calculated "central" value of a set of numbers.

Front 37

Median

Back 37

The middle number in a set of numbers. If there are two middle numbers, average them together.

Front 38

Mode

Back 38

The number that appears most often in a set of numbers. Some sets have multiple modes and others do not have one at all.

Front 39

Range

Back 39

The difference between the lowest value and the highest value in a set of numbers.

Front 40

Table

Back 40

Numbers or quantities arranged in an organized way in rows and columns

Front 41

Graph

Back 41

A diagram of values, usually shown with bars or lines

Front 42

Independent Event

Back 42

An event that is not affected by previous events, used in probability

Front 43

Dependent Event

Back 43

An event that is affected by previous events, used in probability

Front 44

Combination

Back 44

A collection of things in which the order does not matter, used in probability

Front 45

Permutation

Back 45

All possible arrangements in a collection of things in which the order is important

Front 46

Acute Angle

Back 46

An angle that is less than 90 degrees

Front 47

Obtuse Angle

Back 47

An angle that is more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees

Front 48

Right Angle

Back 48

A 90 degree angle

Front 49

Arc

Back 49

Part of the circumference (edge) of a circle or any part of a curve

Front 50

Array

Back 50

Items (such as objects, numbers, etc.) arranged in rows and columns

Front 51

Asymmetry

Back 51

No symmetry, without symmetry

Front 52

Asymptote

Back 52

A line that a curve approaches as you move further away from zero

Front 53

Cardinal number

Back 53

Numbers that say how many of something there, answers the question how many, examples: one, two, three, four, five...

Front 54

Circumference

Back 54

The distance around the edge of a circle (or any type of curvy shape). A type of perimeter.

Front 55

Coefficient

Back 55

A number that is used to multiply a variable

Front 56

Complementary Angles

Back 56

Two angles are complementary when they add up to 90 degrees

Front 57

Discrete Data

Back 57

Data that can only take certain values (Example: You can't have a quarter of a student in your class)

Front 58

Continuous Data

Back 58

Data that can take any value in a range (Examples: Temperature or heights)

Front 59

Qualitative Data

Back 59

Information that describes something

Front 60

Quantitative Data

Back 60

Data that can be counted or measured

Front 61

Diameter

Back 61

A straight line going through the center of a circle connecting two points on a circumference

Front 62

Radius

Back 62

The distance from the center to the edge of a circle. It is half of the circle's diameter.

Front 63

Dividend

Back 63

The amount you want to divide up by the divisor

Front 64

Divisor

Back 64

The number you divide the dividend by

Front 65

Quotient

Back 65

The answer after you divide one number by another

Front 66

Equivalent

Back 66

Having the same value

Front 67

Factorial

Back 67

The result of multiplying a sequence of descending natural numbers, the symbol is !, (example: 4!= 4*3*2*1

Front 68

Finite Number

Back 68

A definite number, not infinite. Can be measured or given a value.

Front 69

Histogram

Back 69

A graphical display where the data is grouped into ranges and then plotted as bars

Front 70

Imaginary Number

Back 70

A number that, when squared, gives a negative result.

Front 71

Isosceles Triangle

Back 71

A triangle with two equal sides, the angles opposite the equal sides are also equal

Front 72

Equilateral Triangle

Back 72

A triangle with all three sides of equal length. All of the angles are 60 degrees

Front 73

Scalene Triangle

Back 73

A triangle with all sides of different lengths. No sides are equal and no angles are equal

Front 74

Mixed Fraction

Back 74

A whole number and a fraction combined into one mixed number

Front 75

Nominal Number

Back 75

A number used only as a name or to identify something (a player's number, a zip code, etc)

Front 76

Notation

Back 76

A system of symbols to represent special things (infinity, sum, etc)

Front 77

Normal Distribution

Back 77

Data that can be spread out in a bell curve

Front 78

Obtuse Triangle

Back 78

A triangle that has an angle greater than 90 degrees

Front 79

Ordered Pair

Back 79

Two numbers written in a certain order, usually in parentheses to show a position on a graph where "x" is the horizontal value and "y" in the vertical value (x,y)

Front 80

Ordinal Number

Back 80

A number that tells the position of something in a list.

Front 81

Outlier

Back 81

A value that "lies outside" (is much larger or smaller than) most of the other values in a data set

Front 82

Pythagoras Theorem

Back 82

In a right angle triangle the square of the long side is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. The equation is: A^2+B^2=C^2

Front 83

Quadrant

Back 83

Any of the 4 areas made when we divide up a plane by an x and y axis. They are usually numbered I,II,III,IV

Front 84

Random Sample

Back 84

A selection that is chosen randomly (purely by chance with no predictability)

Front 85

Reciprocal

Back 85

The reciprocal of a number is one divided by that number. Every number has a reciprocal except 0, which is undefined.

Front 86

Relative Frequency

Back 86

How often something happens divided by all outcomes (example: your team wins 9 games out of 12 games, the frequency is 9/12)

Front 87

Skewed Data

Back 87

When data is a bell curve has a "long tail" on one side or another

Front 88

Subitising

Back 88

Instantly recognizing the number of objects in a small group without counting

Front 89

Subtended Angle

Back 89

The angle made by a line, arc, or object.

Front 90

Tangent

Back 90

In a right angle triangle, the tangent of an angle is the length of the opposite side divided by the length of the adjacent side.

Front 91

Additive Inverse

Back 91

What you add to a number to get zero, which is the negative of a number (Example: 5+(-5)=0

Front 92

Multiplicative Inverse/Reciprocal

Back 92

When you multiple a number by the reciprocal, you get one (Example: 8*(1/8)=1)

Front 93

Additive Identity

Back 93

The idea that adding zero to a number leaves the number unchanged (Example: a+0=a)

Front 94

Identity

Back 94

An equation that is true no matter what values are chosen (Example: a/2=a*0.5)

Front 95

Rational Expression

Back 95

An expression that is the ratio of two polynomials, it is rational because one is divided by the other, like a ratio. The polynomial cannot be zero.

Front 96

Polynomial

Back 96

An expression that can have constants, variables, and exponents that can be combined using addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division, but no division by a variable, a variable's exponents can only be 0,1,2,3 etc, and it can't have an infinite number of terms.

Front 97

Variable

Back 97

A symbol for a number we don't know yet. Usually a letter like x or y.

Front 98

Constant

Back 98

A fixed value, can be a number or variable standing in for an unknown number like x or y

Front 99

Equivalent Fractions

Back 99

Fractions which have the same value even though they may look different. (Example: 1/2=2/4)

Front 100

Proper Factor

Back 100

Any of the factors of a number, except the number itself. Sometimes 1 is also excluded

Front 101

Algorithm

Back 101

A step-by-step solution

Front 102

Attribute

Back 102

A property of an object or person etc. Something you can say it has (such as size or color).

Front 103

Axis

Back 103

A reference line drawn on a graph (you can measure from it to find values).

Front 104

Asset

Back 104

Something you own that has value. Usually something that can help you make money.

Front 105

Binary

Back 105

Binary Numbers use only the digits 0 and 1. Also called Base 2

Front 106

Bias

Back 106

A systematic (built-in) error which makes all values wrong by a certain amount.

Front 107

Bisect

Back 107

To divide into two equal parts.You can bisect lines, angles, and more.The dividing line is called the "bisector"

Front 108

Circumcenter

Back 108

The center of a triangle's circumcircle.It is where the "perpendicular bisectors" (lines that are at right angles to the midpoint of each side) meet.

Front 109

Circumcircle

Back 109

The circle that passes through all vertices (corner points) of a regular polygon.Its radius is also the radius of the regular polygon.

Front 110

Circumradius

Back 110

the "Radius" of a polygon: it is the radius of a circle that passes through all vertices (corner points) of the polygon

Front 111

Density

Back 111

A measure of how much matter is in a certain volume.

Front 112

Difference of Squares

Back 112

Two terms that are squared and separated by a subtraction sign like this:a2 - b2Useful because it can be factored into (a+b)(a−b)

Front 113

Decimal Fraction

Back 113

A fraction where the denominator (the bottom number) is a power of ten (such as 10, 100, 1000, etc).

Front 114

Deductible

Back 114

Insurance: the amount of a loss that is not insured.

Front 115

Equidistant

Back 115

The same distance from (each other or in relation to other things).

Front 116

Equity

Back 116

How much you own of a property or business.Example: Your $300,000 house has $180,000 owed to the bank: your equity is $120,000.

Front 117

Extrema

Back 117

The smallest and largest values:• The plural of Minimum is Minima• The plural of Maximum is Maxima• Together they are called Extrema

Front 118

Frequency Histogram

Back 118

A graph that uses vertical columns to show frequencies (how many times each score occurs).There should not be any gaps between the bars.

Front 119

Frequency Polygon

Back 119

A graph made by joining the middle-top points of the columns of a frequency histogram

Front 120

Frequency Distribution

Back 120

A table that lists a set of scores and their frequency (how many times each one occurs)

Front 121

Finite

Back 121

Not infinite. Has an end. Could be measured, or given a value.

Front 122

Googol

Back 122

Is the number written as 1 followed by 100 zeros

Front 123

Gradient

Back 123

How steep a straight line is.

Front 124

Hectare

Back 124

A hectare is a unit of area equal to 10,000 square meters. Usually used to measure land.A square 100 meters on each side has an area of 1 hectare.

Front 125

Heft

Back 125

Test the weight of something by holding it in your hand

Front 126

Hyperbola

Back 126

A special curve. It is shaped like an arch. The distances of any point on a hyperbola from: * a fixed point (the focus), and * a fixed straight line (the directrix) are always in the same ratio.

Front 127

Improper Fraction

Back 127

An improper fraction is a fraction where the numerator (the top number) is greater than or equal to the denominator (the bottom number). In other words, it is top-heavy.

Front 128

Incircle

Back 128

The circle that fits the inside of a polygon. It touches the midpoint of each side of the polygon.(Not all polygons have an incircle, but triangles and regular polygons do).

Front 129

Inflation

Back 129

A general rise in the price of things.

Front 130

Interest

Back 130

Money paid for the use of other money.

Front 131

Kilo-

Back 131

A prefix meaning one thousand

Front 132

Line Segment

Back 132

The part of a line that connects two points.It has definite end points.Adding the word "segment" is important, because a line normally extends in both directions without end.

Front 133

Mass

Back 133

A measure of how much matter is in an object.

Front 134

Mutually Exclusive Events

Back 134

Events that can't happen at the same time.

Front 135

Magic Square

Back 135

A square filled with numbers so that the total of each row, each column and each diagonal are all the same.

Front 136

Net worth

Back 136

How much a person owns (their assets) minus what they owe to others (liabilities).

Front 137

Net Weight

Back 137

The weight of the contents, not including any packaging, etc.

Front 138

Obelus

Back 138

The name of the division symbol ÷

Front 139

Periodic Function

Back 139

Some functions (like Sine and Cosine) repeat forever and are called Periodic Functions.

Front 140

Point Symmetry

Back 140

Point Symmetry is when every part has a matching part that is ...... the same distance from the central point ...... but in the opposite direction.It looks the same when viewed from opposite directions, such as left vs. right, or when turned upside down.It is sometimes called Origin Symmetry.

Front 141

Palindrome

Back 141

Reads the same backwards and forwards.

Front 142

Pronumeral

Back 142

Another name for Variable

Front 143

Quartiles

Back 143

The values that divide a list of numbers into quarters.

Front 144

Relatively Prime

Back 144

Two numbers are "relatively prime" when they have no common factors other than 1.In other words you cannot evenly divide both by some common value.

Front 145

Rule of 72

Back 145

A way to estimate how long it takes to double the value of an investment, You divide 72 by the interest rate to get the number of years.

Front 146

Semiprime

Back 146

A number made by multiplying two prime numbers

Front 147

Subtrahend

Back 147

The number that is to be subtracted. The second number in a subtraction.minuend - subtrahend = difference

Front 148

Surd

Back 148

A number that can't be simplified to remove a square root (or cube root etc).

Front 149

Tessellation

Back 149

A pattern made of identical shapes:• the shapes must fit together without any gaps• the shapes should not overlap

Front 150

Univariate Data

Back 150

Univariate means "one variable" (one type of data)