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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
rational number |
decimals and fractions with terminating/repeating fractions |
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irrational numbers |
decimals and fractions that are non-terminating like pi |
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prime number |
a number that only has multiples of 1 and itself |
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factor |
an integer that divides evenly into a number with no remainder |
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GCF - greatest common factor |
the largest factor two numbers share |
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LCM - least common multiple |
the smallest non-zero multiple two numbers share |
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multiple |
a number times an integer. For example: 6x1=6, 6x2=12, 6x3=18 etc. So multiples of 6=6,12,18 etc. |
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order of operations |
PEMDAS 1. parentheses 2. exponents 3. multiplication and division -work from left to right 4. addition and subtractions -work form left to right |
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associative property |
for problems containing only addition/multiplicationgrouping does not matterEX: a+(b+c) = b+(a+c) OR a(bc) = b(ac) |
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Commutative property |
for problems containing only addition/multiplicationorder does not matterEX: a+b = b+a OR ab = bc |
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Distributive property |
a(b + c) = ab + ac |
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Zero property |
Zero property sum of any # plus 0 is itselfproduct of any # times 0 is 0no # can be divided by 0any number raised to the power of 0 is 10 divided by any number is 0 |
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One property |
any number divided by 1 = itselfany number raised to the power of 1 is itself |
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algorithm |
steps to solve a problem |
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natural numbers |
also called the counting numbers (1, 2, 3, 4....) |
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probability |
probability number of outcomes that favor the event/number of possible outcomes |
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bisector |
a ray that divides an angle into 2 congruent angles |
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isosceles triangle |
two sides of equal length and angles opposite the equal sides are also the same (typical triangle - two bottom angles the same) |
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scalene triangle |
no sides of equal length |
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congruent |
same shape and size |
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parallelogram |
quadrilateral (4 sides) with two pair of parallel sides-opposite sides and opposite angles are congruent-doesn't necessarily have an axis of symmetry |
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rhombus |
a particular kind of parallelogram with all four sides congurent (has two axes of sym.) (think of a kite or of a isosceles triangle reflected over line "l" |
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translation |
two congruent figures can occupy exactly the same place...or coincide (same thing as a slide) |
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reflection |
same thing as a flip...flip it across the axis so that it is the same spot on the other side (like -2, 3 flips to 2, 3) |
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rotation |
same thing as a turn, rotates into another quadrant but keeps the same distance from axes |
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radican |
the number inside the "square root box/sign or the radical |
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intersecting lines |
Lines that have exactly one point in common. |
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vertex |
The common endpoint of two rays thatform an angle. |
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ray |
Part of a line with one endpoint extending foreverin only one direction. |
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central angle |
An angle with a vertex that is the center of a circle. |
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diameter |
Any line segment through the center that connectstwo points on the circle. |
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Exponent |
A number that tells how many times the base is used as a factor |
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Base |
The number that is multiplied by itself whenraised to a power. |
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Sector |
A region bounded by two radii and an arc |
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Dividend |
In a division problem, the starting number, thenumber that is to be divided. |
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Divisor |
The number by which another number is divided. |
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Variable |
A letter, such as n, or a symbol that represents anunknown amount that can vary, or change, in anexpression or an equation. |
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Origin |
The point at which the x-axis and they-axis intersect. |
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y-axis |
The VERTICAL axis in a graph or coordinate grid. |
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x-axis |
The HORIZONTAL axis in a graph or coordinate grid. |
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Coordinate Plane |
Extends to include both positive and negativenumbers. It has a horizontal x-axis and a vertical y-axis. |
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Fraction |
A symbol that is used to name part of a whole, a region or set, that is divided into equal parts. |
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Mixed Number |
A number written with a whole number ANDa fraction. |
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Improper Fraction |
A fraction whose numerator is greaterthan or equal to its denominator. |
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Simplest Form |
Simplest Form A fraction in which the greatest common factorof the numerator and denominator is one. |
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ratio |
A ratio is a relationship where for every x units of one quantity there are y units of another quantity. x:y |
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formula |
A rule that uses symbols to relate two or more quantities. |
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Expanded Form |
A way to write a number that shows the place value of each digit. |
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Standard Form |
The most common (usual) way ofwriting numbers. It usesdigits and place value. |
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absolute value |
The distance that an integer is from zero on the number line. |
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Numerator |
The number of equal parts or objects being considered (number on top) |
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Denominator |
The total number of equal parts or objects (number on the bottom) |
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Conjecture |
A generalization that you think is true |
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inverse relationship |
operations that undo each other |
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nonlinear function |
a function with a graph that is not a straight line |
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linear function |
A function whose graph is a line |
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vertex of a solid |
where three or more edges meet |
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edge of a solid |
a line segment where two faces meet |
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proper fraction |
a fraction in which the numerator is less than the denominator |
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improper fraction |
A fraction whose numerator is greater than or equal to its denominator. |
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mixed fraction |
a whole number and a fraction |
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Algebraic Expression |
A mathematical phrase that has at least one variable and one operation. |
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Coefficient |
the number that is multiplied by a variable, ex 4x + 8; 4 is this type of number |
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area |
is the number of square units enclosed by the figure in a plane |
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perimeter |
The sum of the lengths of the sides of a polygon |
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skew lines |
lines that do not lie in the same plane |
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parallel lines |
two lines that lie in the same plane and do not intersect |
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transversal |
a line that intersects two or more lines at distinct points |
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mean |
Average |
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median |
Middle Number |
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range |
Distance between highest and lowest scores in a set of data. |
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Hypotenuse |
he longest side of a set square or a right triangle (opposite the right angle) |
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square root |
a number that when multiplied by itself equals a given number |
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complementary |
two angles whose sum is exactly 90 degrees. The two angles may or may not be adjacent. In a right triangle, the two acute angles |
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supplementary |
two angles whose sum is exactly 180 degrees. the two angles may or may not be adjacent. two intersecting lines always form two pairs of angles that will always form a straight line |
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tessellation |
is a repeating arrangement of one or more shapes that completely covers a plane with no gaps or overlaps |
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Permutation |
an arrangement of a group of things in a particular order |
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experimental probability |
a probability based on the statistical results of an experiment |
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Theoretical probability |
ratio of the favorable outcomes to the possible outcome of an event |
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Faces |
the flat surfaces of a polyhedron |
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Polyhedron |
a three-dimensional figure made of flat surfaces that are polygons |
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Range |
The difference between the least and greatest values |
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Scatter Plot |
Graph that relates two sets of data. |
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Frequency table |
A table that lists each item in a data set with the number of times the item occurs. |
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Absolute value |
an integer's distance from zero |
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origin |
the point (0,0), where the x- and y- axis of a coordinate plane intersect |
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domain |
possible values for the input of a relation or function |
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ordered pair |
numbers that are used to locate points on a coordinate plane |
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function rule |
it is the operation(s) performed on the domain value and the range value |
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x-coordinate |
the first number in an ordered pair |
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y-coordinate |
the second number in an ordered pair |
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evaluate |
find its numerical value to evaluate |
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relation |
a set of ordered pairs |
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properties |
statements that are true for any numbers |
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numerical expression |
they contain a combination of numbers and operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division |
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place value |
The value of a digit based on its position within a number |
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degree (º) |
a unit of measure for angles |
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right angle |
an angle whose measure is 90º |
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acute angle |
an angle whose measure is between 0º and 90º |
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obtuse angle |
an angle whose measure is between 90º and 180º |