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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The afferent division of the nervous system __(ascends or descends)__ with __(sensory or motor)__ information.
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The afferent division of the nervous system ASCENDS with SENSORY information.
ascends;sensory |
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Which of these is NOT a property of phasic receptors?
A) They are fast-adapting B) They are always active C) They are good for sensing vibration D) They are sensitive to stimulus changes |
B) They are always active
Phasic Receptors are NOT always active. They are normally inactive. |
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Central Adaptation can be defined as ____________.
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inhibition along a sensory pathway
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Which of these is a general sense?
A) Pain B) Proprioception C) Temperature D) All of these are general senses |
D) All of these are general senses
(Pain, proprioception, and temperature are all general senses.) |
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Which of these is NOT a property of thermoreceptors?
A) They are found within the dermis. B) The "cold" and "warm" receptors are structurally indistinguishable C) They have free nerve endings D) They are slow-adapting |
D) They are slow adapting
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Which of these is NOT a property of fast pain?
A) It is also called prickly pain. B) It is sensitive to mechanical tissue injury. C) It is fast-adapting. D) It is carried by myelinated fibers. |
C) It is Fast-adapting
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A receptor that contains many mechanically-gated ion channels would function BEST as a ____________.
A) proprioceptor B) baroreceptor C) tactile receptor D) it would function well as any of these receptors. |
D) It would function well as any of these receptors.
They are all different classes of mechanoreceptors |
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Which of these is NOT a property of chemoreceptors?
A) They are found in carotid bodies B) They are classed as nociceptors C) They are interoceptors D) They trigger visceral reflexes |
B) they are classified as nociceptors
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Which of these is NOT a type of mechanoreceptor?
A) Tactile B) Proprioceptor C) Baroreceptor D) Nociceptor |
D) Nociceptor
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If a nerve impulse was transmitted to the CNS on a C fiber, it would lead to a (quick or slow) sensation of (pain or cold).
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It would lead to a slow sensation of pain
slow; pain |
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Which of the ascending tracts connect to the cerebellum?
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Spinocerebellar tracts
They carry information on body position (proprioception) to the cerebellum. |
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the spinocerebellar pathway?
A) the lateral white column of the spinal cord B) the thalamus C) the pons D) the medulla oblongata |
B) The thalamus
The thalamus connects to the cerebrum, NOT the cerebellum. |
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Which of these sensory pathways carries afferent impulses that DON'T produce perceptions?
A) posterior column pathway B) spinothalamic pathway C) visceral pathways D) spinocerebellar pathway |
The spinocerebellar pathway
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Proprioceptors signal all BUT __________.
A) muscle length B) muscle temperature C) muscle tension D) joint angle |
B) muscle temperature
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Which of these sensory modalities is NOT carried within the posterior column pathway?
A) fine touch B) proprioception C) pain D) pressure |
C) pain
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Which of these is NOT a property of the somatic nervous system?
A) Includes lower motor neuron in the brain stem or spinal cord. B) Includes upper motor neurons in the brain. C) Has control of cardiac muscle. D) Has control of skeletal muscles. |
C) has control of cardiac muscle
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The corticospinal system exerts ____________.
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voluntary control over skeletal muscles.
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Which of the following is NOT part of the pathway for the sense of smell?
A) cranial nerve pair I B) olfactory bulb C) cribriform plate of ethmoid bone D) frontal sinus |
D) frontal sinus
While the frontal sinus is filled with air from the respiratory tract, it has no olfactory function. |
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Olfactory glands ___________.
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secrete a pigmented mucus
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The first step in the olfactory process is _________.
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an odorant dissolves in the olfactory mucus fluid
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The first step in the process of olfaction is _________.
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an odorant molecule binding to a specific protein.
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Which of the following is involved in the gustatory perception of amino acids?
A) filiform papillae B) basal cells C) receptors in the throat D) umami receptors |
D) Umami receptors
The receptors that are sensitive to amino acids are the umami receptors. |
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Gustatory receptors are found in ____________.
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lingual papillae
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Gustatory receptors function most like ___________.
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olfactory receptors
(both respond to chemical stimuli) |
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Which two structures make up the outermost fibrous tunic of the eye?
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1. Cornea
2. Sclera |
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Which of the following is NOT part of the vascular tunic of the eye?
A) iris B) choroid C) optic disc D) ciliary body |
C) Optic disc
The optic disc is NOT part of the vascular tunic of the eye. |
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The area of the retina that contains the highest concentration of cones is known as the _________.
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Fovea
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What is the epithelium that covers the inner surfaces of the eyelids and the outer surface of the eye called?
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Conjunctiva
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Which of the following is NOT a structure within the visual axis?
A) fovea B) lens C) cornea D) suspensory ligaments |
D) suspensory ligaments
Suspensory ligaments surround the lens, and are not part of the pathway for light to pass through. |
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Which of the following is found in the optic disc?
A) axons of ganglion cells B) axons of bipolar neurons C) choroid D) rods and cones |
A) axons of ganglion cells
Axons of the ganglion cells travel over the surface of the retina, come together at the optic disc, and form the optic nerve. |
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Which of these statements regarding the cornea is FALSE?
A) it refracts light strongly B) it is covered by conjunctive C) it is part of the vascular tunic D) it is transparent |
C) It is part of the vascular tunic
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The "white" of the eye is part of the _______ tunic.
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fibrous
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The _________ is known as the "white" of the eye.
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sclera
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Which of these functions does the vascular tunic serve?
A) it supports blood vessels and lymphatics B) it regulates the amount of light that enters the eye C) it controls the shape of the lens D) the vascular tunic performs all of these functions |
D) The vascular tunic performs ALL of these functions.
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Which of the following are NOT properties of the palpebrae?
A) they protect the eye B) they contain tarsal glands C) they comprise the eyebrows D) they are controlled by cranial nerves |
C) they comprise the eyebrows
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The gritty deposit that accumulates in the medial canthus is secreted by the _________.
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lacrimal caruncle
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Bipolar neurons in the retina __________.
A) synapse with ganglion cells B) are a class of photoreceptors C) send axons into cranial nerve II D) connect amacrine cells with horizontal cells |
A) synapse with ganglion cells
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Lacrimal glands ___________.
A) moisten the cornea B) produce lysozyme C) produce a watery secretion D) Lacrimal glands perform all of these functions. |
D) Lacrimal glands produce all of these functions.
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Which of these is NOT one of the three layers of the eye?
A) neural tunic B) fibrous tunic C) vascular tunic D) scleral tunic |
D) scleral tunic
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What is the correct pathway for transmission of visual information?
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photoreceptor --> bipolar cell --> ganglion cell
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The region of the retina that contains only tightly packed cones is the _________.
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fovea
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" An elongated outer segment containing membranous discs that is connected by a thin stalk to the inner segment" best describes _____________.
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a photoreceptor
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Retinal, a component of all the visual pigments, is made from __________.
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Vitamin A
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Which of these is NOT a type of photoreceptor?
A) red cone B) blue cone C) green cone D) yellow cone |
D) yellow cone
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What is the name for the ear canal?
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external acoustic meatus
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Which of the following structures is NOT part of the middle ear?
A) cochlea B) oval window C) auditory tube D) auditory ossicles |
A) cochlea
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Which two structures of the inner ear make up the vestibular complex (which provides the sense of equilibrium)?
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1. vestibule
2. semicircular canals |
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What would result from inflammation and blockage of the auditory tube?
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Fluid accumulation in the tympanic cavity
Blockage of the auditory tube will cause fluid to accumulate int he middle ear, or tympanic cavity. |
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What is the function of the semicircular canals?
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Generates nerve impulses when the head rotates
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The chain of ossicles begins at the _______ and ends at the __________.
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tympanic membrane; oval window
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A sudden loud noise will reflexively cause the tensor tympani muscle to ________ and cause the stapedius muscle to ___________.
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contract; contract
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Relative movement of the _________ in the semicircular canals signals rotation of the head.
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endolymph
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Large movements of the ________ will cause large displacements of the ____________.
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tympanic membrane; basilar membrane
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Which of these is NOT a division of the bony labyrinth?
A) auditory ossicles B) cochlea C) semicircular canals D) vestibule |
A) auditory ossicles
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The external ear does NOT include the _________.
A) acoustic meatus B) stapes C) tympanic membrane D) pinna |
B) stapes
The stapes is part of the inner ear and is one of three auditory ossicles |
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Cochlear hair cells are located in the ____________.
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organ of corti
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