Mass Communication Test 1

Front 1

What are the 8 elements of the Communication process

Back 1

-A source
-A process of encoding
-A message
-A channel
-A process of decoding
-A reciever
-The potential for feedback
-The chance of noise

Front 2

What are communication settings?

Back 2

-Interpersonal ommunication
-Machine Assisted Communication
-Mass Communication

Front 3

3 types of noise are?

Back 3

1) semantic
2) enviornmental
3) mechanical

Front 4

Each element in the communication setting...

Back 4

may vary according to setting

Front 5

Mass Communication is

Back 5

the process by which a complex organization, with the aid of one or more machines, produces public messages that are aimed at large, heterogeneous and scattered audiences

Front 6

Traditionally, how is a mass communicator identified?

Back 6

a formal organization, gatekeepers, expensive operating costs, profitmotive, and competitivness. The internet has created exceptions to these characteristics

Front 7

New models...

Back 7

have been developed to represent internet mass communication

Front 8

Communication content has become...

Back 8

more speccialized in the past 40 years, but the channels of mass communication still have the potential to reach vast audiences

Front 9

What are 7 trends that characterize modern mass communication?

Back 9

1) audience segmentation
2) convergence
3) increased audience control
4) multiple platforms
5) user generated content
6) more mobility
7) social media

Front 10

A functional analysis...

Back 10

holds that something is best understood by examining how it it used

Front 11

At macro level of analysis: Mass media perform 5 functions for society....

Back 11

1) surveillance
2) interpretation
3) linkage
4) transmission of values
5) diversion
Dysfunction are harmful and negative consequences of these functions

Front 12

The functionalist approach at the micro level of analysis is?

Back 12

uses and gratification analysis

Front 13

What are the functions performed by the media for the individuals?

Back 13

Cognition, diversion, social utility, affiliation, expression, and withdrawl

Front 14

The critical/ cultural approach has its roots in Marxist philosophy...

Back 14

which e,phasized class differences as a cause of conflict in society

Front 15

The critical/ cultural approach suggests that media content?

Back 15

helps perpetuate a system that keeps the dominant class in power. People can also find different meanings in the same message

Front 16

What are the key concepts in critical approach?

Back 16

text, meaning, ideology, hegemony

Front 17

Although both functional and critical/ cultural studies differ in approaches...

Back 17

they can be valuable tools for the analysis of the mass communication process

Front 18

Printing made information available to a larger audience, What did it help develop?

Back 18

vernacular languages, aided to the Protestant reformation, and contributed to the spread and accumulation of knowledge

Front 19

The telegraph and telephone were the?

Back 19

first media to use electricity to communicate. The marked the 1st time the message could be seperated from the messanger

Front 20

The telgraph...

Back 20

helped railroads move west and permitted newspapers to publish more timely news. Inventor was Samuel Morse in 1844

Front 21

The telephone...

Back 21

linked people together for the first instance of a communication network. Inventor was Alexander Graham Bell in 1876

Front 22

Photography provided a way to?

Back 22

preserve history, had an impact on art, and brought better visuals to newspapers and magazines

Front 23

Motion pictures helped to?

Back 23

socialize a generation of immigrants and became an important part of Amerrican culture

Front 24

Radio and TV broadcasting has?

Back 24

brought news and entertainment into the home, transformed leisure time, and pioneered a new immediate kind of reporting. TV has an impact on free time, politics, socialization, culture and many more

Front 25

The digitial revelotion has...

Back 25

changed the way information was stored and transmitted and made e commerce possible

Front 26

Mobile media has...

Back 26

changed American culture and taken over some of the functions of mass media

Front 27

The next communication milestone is?

Back 27

the expanding use of social media

Front 28

New media change but...

Back 28

do not replace old media. The pace of media inventions has accelerated in recent years

Front 29

Newspapes in colonial America were?

Back 29

published with permission of the local government. A free press didnt appear until after the revolution

Front 30

The mass newspaper arrived in?

Back 30

the 1830's with the publication of Benjamin Day's New York Sun, the first penny press paper

Front 31

The era of yellow journalism featured?

Back 31

sensationalism, crusades, and human interest reporting and introduced more attractive newspaper designs

Front 32

Many newspapers in the early 1900's were?

Back 32

merged or folded as tabloid papers became more popular. The trend toward consolidation would come in the years following WWII

Front 33

The newspaper industry is currently in a?

Back 33

crisis as declining circulation and advertising revenue have made it difficult for many papers ti stay in business

Front 34

What are the 4 types of daily papers?

Back 34

1) national newspapers
2) large metro dailies
3) midsize dailies
4) small town dailies

Front 35

All papers now have?

Back 35

online versions and many have apps for mobile media

Front 36

The trend toward consolidtion has?

Back 36

ended

Front 37

Newspapers are reeexamining their buisness model and...

Back 37

converging their print and online opperations

Front 38

How are newspaper audiences measured?

Back 38

the Audit Bureau of Circulation

Front 39

Newspaper rreadership has?

Back 39

declined over the past several decades but online readership is growing

Front 40

Who were the first American magazines aimed at?

Back 40

educated, urban and literate audiences in the 18th century

Front 41

When did the audience for magazines increase?

Back 41

during the penny press era as mass appeal publications became prominent

Front 42

During the latter part of the 19th century what caused a magainze boom?

Back 42

better printing techniques aand healthy economy

Front 43

Who were muckrakers?

Back 43

magazines that published exposes and encouraged reform

Front 44

Magazines began to specialize their content following?

Back 44

WWI. Newsmagazines, digests and picture magazines became popular

Front 45

Why is the magazine industry experiencing a difficult time?

Back 45

declining advertising revenue

Front 46

Magazine publishers hope that...

Back 46

the tablet computer will reenergize the publishing business

Front 47

Magazines are...

Back 47

specialized, current, influential and convenient

Front 48

The magazine industry is dominated by?

Back 48

large publishing companies

Front 49

The magazine industry can be divided into?

Back 49

production, distribution and retail divisions

Front 50

What are the main departments in a magazine publishing company?

Back 50

circulation, advertising, production and editorial

Front 51

Magazines get revenues from?

Back 51

subscriptions, single copy sales, and mostly print and online advertising

Front 52

MRI is?

Back 52

a company that measures magazine readership