Marine Botany Practical I

Front 1

Articulate

Back 1

Calcified segments connected by uncalcified joints

Front 2

Bladed

Back 2

Flattened leaf-like thallus (may have a stipe)

Front 3

Branching

Back 3

Alga with axillary division

Front 4

Crustose

Back 4

Grows flat along the substrate

Front 5

Filamentous

Back 5

Thread or hair-like (single row of cells)

Front 6

Foliose

Back 6

A sheet of cells; blade-like without a stipe

Front 7

Monostomatic

Back 7

One cell thick

Front 8

Distomatic

Back 8

Two cells thick

Front 9

Polystomatic

Back 9

Many cells thick

Front 10

Saccate

Back 10

Sac-like

Front 11

Unicells

Back 11

Solitary cells

Front 12

Stipate

Back 12

Having a stipe

Front 13

Tubular

Back 13

Thallus made up of a tube of cells (hollow)

Front 14

Upright

Back 14

Erect position

Front 15

Pneumatocysts

Back 15

Air filled sacs

Front 16

Catenate

Back 16

Pneumatocysts in a series

Front 17

Singly

Back 17

Single pneumatocyst

Front 18

Midrib

Back 18

Thickened longitudinal axis of a branch or blade

Front 19

Mid vein

Back 19

Delicate median line of cells

Front 20

Reticulate

Back 20

Net-like pattern on the blade

Front 21

Dichotomous

Back 21

Branching in forking pairs

Front 22

Distichous

Back 22

Branching on both sides

Front 23

Opposite branching

Back 23

Branches opposing each other (distichous)

Front 24

Pinnate

Back 24

Feather like branching (opposite distichous)

Front 25

Alternate branching

Back 25

Branches alternating on a main axis (distichous)

Front 26

Irregular branching

Back 26

No detectable branching pattern

Front 27

Monopodial

Back 27

Distinct main axis of continual growth

Front 28

Pectinate

Back 28

Branching on one side (comb like)

Front 29

Sympodial

Back 29

Main axis does not extend by continuous terminal growth

Front 30

Whorled

Back 30

Branching swirling off the main axis

Front 31

Holdfast

Back 31

Structure that attaches the alga to the substrate

Front 32

Discoid

Back 32

Disc-shaped holdfast

Front 33

Haptera

Back 33

Network formed by multiple hapteron

Front 34

Modified basal cell

Back 34

One cell attaches to substrate

Front 35

Rhizome

Back 35

Branch occurring at holdfast

Front 36

Apical cells

Back 36

Apex of the alga is the site of cell division

Front 37

Cortex

Back 37

Pigmented outer layer of cells

Front 38

Cortication

Back 38

Outer covering of small cells

Front 39

Epidermis

Back 39

Outer layer of cells on some algae

Front 40

Filamentous

Back 40

Thread-like daughter cells attached to each other following cell division, forming a chain of cells

Front 41

Multiseriate

Back 41

Several rows of filamentous cells in a longitudinal series

Front 42

Uniseriate

Back 42

Filamentous cells occurring in a single row

Front 43

Medulla

Back 43

Nonpigmented cells internal to cortex

Front 44

Parenchymatous

Back 44

3D cell division, forming a thallus of adjacent cells

Front 45

Polysiphonous

Back 45

Tiers of elongated cells, transversely arranged, lateral pericentral cells surround a central axis

Unique to RED ALGAE!

Front 46

Pseudoparenchymatous

Back 46

Thallus formed from filaments that have a common origin

Front 47

Siphonous

Back 47

Multinucleate cells; few or no cross walls

Front 48

Uniaxial

Back 48

Thallus has one longitudinal central filament forming the axis

Front 49

Utricles

Back 49

Swollen, terminal end of siphon

Front 50

Haplontic

Back 50

1n thallus, only diploid cells is zygote

Front 51

Diplontic

Back 51

2n thallus, only haploid are gametes (animal like)

Front 52

Heteromorphic

Back 52

1n and 2n thallus are different sizes

Front 53

Diplohaplontic

Back 53

2n sporophyte is bigger

Front 54

Haplodiplontic

Back 54

1n gameotophyte is larger

Front 55

Isomorphic

Back 55

1n gametophyte and 2n sporophyte thallus are the same size