Marine Biology #1

Front 1

two most common algae genera found in kelp forests

Back 1

macrocystis, nereocystis

Front 2

genus of kelp with highest growth rate; how fast

Back 2

macrocystis; 50 cm/day

Front 3

height of tallest kelps

Back 3

30 m

Front 4

name for rock deposited by coral made of calcium carbonate

Back 4

limestone

Front 5

type of fishing in South Asia that stuns fish and kills many of them

Back 5

cyanide fishing

Front 6

from largest to smallest, what are the plankton sizes

Back 6

mega, macro, meso, micro, nano, pico, femto

Front 7

organisms that eat other organisms but can also photosynthesize

Back 7

mixotrophs

Front 8

phylum of radiolarians and foraminifers

Back 8

phylum sarcomastigophora

Front 9

phylum of sponges

Back 9

phylum porifera

Front 10

large central cavity of a sponge

Back 10

spongocoel

Front 11

large opening on a sponge where wastes exit

Back 11

osculum

Front 12

phylum of jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones

Back 12

phylum cnidaria

Front 13

class of hydra and man-o-wars

Back 13

class hydrozoa

Front 14

class of typical jellyfish

Back 14

scyphozoa

Front 15

class of box jellyfish and sea wasps

Back 15

cubozoa

Front 16

class of corals and sea anemones

Back 16

anthozoa

Front 17

ciliated larvae of many cnidarians

Back 17

planula

Front 18

phylum of comb jellies

Back 18

ctenophora

Front 19

cells of ctenophores that release sticky threads to capture prey

Back 19

colloblasts

Front 20

phylum of flatworms including turbellarians

Back 20

platyhelminthes

Front 21

phylum of ribbon worms

Back 21

nemertea

Front 22

structure on the head of ribbon worms that ejects and is used to subdue prey

Back 22

proboscis

Front 23

phylum of organisms that have tube feet

Back 23

echinodermata

Front 24

class of sea lilies and feather stars

Back 24

crinoidea

Front 25

class of sea stars

Back 25

asteroidea

Front 26

class of brittle stars

Back 26

ophiuroidea

Front 27

class of sea urchins and sand dollars

Back 27

echinoidea

Front 28

class of sea cucumbers

Back 28

holothuroidea

Front 29

small opening where water enters a sponge

Back 29

ostium

Front 30

largest turtle; length

Back 30

leatherback turtle; 8 ft

Front 31

a communal area used by adult males during the breeding season as a stage for the competitive attraction of females

Back 31

lek

Front 32

seed of a mangrove

Back 32

propagule

Front 33

slowing of heart rate in diving whales to reduce oxygen consumption

Back 33

bradycardia

Front 34

the calcareous skeletal cup in which a coral polyp lives

Back 34

corallite

Front 35

second largest shark

Back 35

basking shark

Front 36

old decaying eelgrass

Back 36

wrack

Front 37

mobile larval form of a barnacle

Back 37

cypris

Front 38

receptors in a fish's lateral line

Back 38

neuromasts

Front 39

biologists who study fish

Back 39

ichthyologists

Front 40

the opposite of extinct, which means that a species is still living

Back 40

extant

Front 41

camouflage coloring that allows a fish to blend in with its background

Back 41

cryptic coloration

Front 42

fingerlike branching external gills that project from the dorsal surface (mantle) of nudibranchs

Back 42

cerata

Front 43

nematocyst-armed defensive structures of anemones

Back 43

acrorhagi

Front 44

marine animals that reproduce by releasing eggs and sperm into the water

Back 44

broadcast spawner

Front 45

an organism that spends ATP to regulate the salt content of its internal fluid environment

Back 45

osmoregulator

Front 46

organisms that remain isosmotic with the water around them

Back 46

osmotic conformers

Front 47

a type of social and breeding organization in which a male is dominant over and mates with several females

Back 47

polygyny

Front 48

early free-swimming, ciliated larval stage of many marine mollusks, annelid worms, bryozoans, and brachiopods

Back 48

trochophore

Front 49

tentacle-bearing feeding structure of bryozoans, brachiopods, and phoronids

Back 49

lophophore

Front 50

the body fluid contained within some animals, against which muscles work to provide shape changes

Back 50

hydrostatic skeleton

Front 51

fibrous collagen protein making up the flexible skeleton of many sponges (not the spicules)

Back 51

spongin

Front 52

type of marine organism that is the source of agar

Back 52

red algae (rhodophyta)

Front 53

spores formed by red algae

Back 53

carpospores

Front 54

red protein pigment in some cyanobacteria and red algae

Back 54

phycoerythrin

Front 55

the depth at which the rate of photosynthesis equals the rate of respiration

Back 55

critical depth

Front 56

the depth at which light energy is too small for photosynthesis

Back 56

compensation depth

Front 57

a group of yellow or golden photosynthetic pigments

Back 57

xanthophylls

Front 58

brown pigment

Back 58

fucoxanthin

Front 59

a paralytic toxic produced by dinophytes that accumulates in the butter clam

Back 59

saxitoxin

Front 60

toxin that builds up in molluscs and causes amnesic shellfish poisoing in humans

Back 60

domoic acid

Front 61

a plant that attaches itself to other organisms

Back 61

epiphyte