Made Reviewer

Front 1

Ethics

Back 1

Philosophical science dealing with the morality of human acts

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Philosophy

Back 2

Systematic study of ideas and issues, a quest for a comprehensive understanding of the world

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Epistemology

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Addresses the philosophical problems surrounding the theory of knowledge

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Metaphysics

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Concerned with the nature of ultimate reality

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Ontology

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Deals with the questions of how many fundamentally distinct sorts of entities compose the universe

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Metaphysics proper

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Concerned with describing most general traits of reality

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Aesthetics

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Concerned with the essence and perception of beauty and ugliness

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Cosmology

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Study of the universe as a whole

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Anthropology

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Study of all aspects of human life and culture

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Logic

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Art and science of correct thinking

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Logic

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Principle of valid reasoning and argument

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Ethics

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Normative science of the conduct of human being living in societies

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Ethics

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Ethicos or ethos

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Ethics

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Often called moral philosophy

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Ethics

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Principles and laws governing the morality of human acts

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Morality of human acts

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Goodness or badness, rightness or wrongness

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Morality

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Mos/moris meaning customs

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Morality

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Nothing else but doing ethics

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General ethics

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Present truths about human acts, from these truths deduce general principles of morality

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Special ethics

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Applied principles of general ethics in different departments of human activity

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Psychology

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Study of behavior and cognitive processes

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Sociology

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Study of society and culture

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Economics

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Proper allocation and efficient use of available resources

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Education

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Liberates men from ignorance

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Political science

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Study of state and government

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Man

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A rational being endowed with reason, a quality that separates him from the brutes

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Man

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An agent of reason

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Act of man

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Act that is not proper to man as a rational being

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Human act

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Action that emanate from the rationality of man

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Elements of human act

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Knowledge, freedom, voluntariness

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Elicited and commanded act

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Classification of human acts

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Elicited act

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Begins and ends in the will without bodily involvement

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Wish

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Desire or longing for an object

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Intention

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Purpose or aim

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Consent

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Affirmation of the will to go on the intention

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Election

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Chooses a way to carry out intention

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Uses

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Mind uses the selected means to carry out the intention

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Fruition

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Result of the object being desired

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Commanded act

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Mind-body act

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Internal act

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Also in the mind but requires body to complete it

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External act

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Act done by the body under the direction of the will

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Mixed

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Combination of internal and external act

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Object, end or intention of the agent, circumstances

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Sources of Morality

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Object

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Aim or goal, finis operas or the end of the act

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End or intention of the agent

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Means of attaining the object

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Circumstances

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Environment or conditions prevailing when the action is done

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Ignorance

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Absence of knowledge

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Invincible ignorance

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A person is not capable of getting rid of his ignorance

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Vincible ignorance

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It can be dispelled by the use of moral diligence

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Ignorance of the law

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Unaware of the existence of the law

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Ignorance of facts

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The thing itself or some circumstances is unknown

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Ignorance of reality

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Not cognizant that a sanction has been attached at a particular time

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Concupiscence

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Refer to the bodily desire of man sometimes called passion

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Antecedent concupiscence

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Passion that suddenly flare uo without approval of the will

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Consequent concupiscence

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When the will or wind acts in favor of the antecedent

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Fear

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A disconcerted state of a person's mind due to the expected danger that comes anytime

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Violence

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A force usually physical inflicted upon a person compelling him to act against his will

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Habit

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A repeatable act of a person in comfort and ease

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Values

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A thing a person highly treasures

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Values

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Set of beliefs of a person to which he has an emotional attachment

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Lifestyle, human nature, cultural inclination

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Roots of filipino values

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Exogenous and indigenous

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Pattern of filipino values

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Exogenous pattern

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Legal or formal, continued adaptation of culture

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Indigenous pattern

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Considered traditional or non-formal