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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Be able to talk through the following (mp3)
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What are the two types of macrocytic anemias
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megaloblastic
non megaloblastic |
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What are the common causes of macrocytic anaemias>
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low vitamin B12 and folate (megaloblastic)
liver disease alcoholism drug induced myelodysplastic disorders |
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What do we see in B12 folate deficiency
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What are the symptoms seen in megaloblastic anaemias
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sore tongue and corners of the mouth
Jaundice (mild) ineffective erythropoiesis Weight loss Purpura - ed or purple discolorations on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure. Neuropathy (B12deficiency) Altered gait Tremors |
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causes of folate deficiency
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List blood film characteristsics of B12 deficiency and folate deficiency
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What do we see in severe megaloblastic anaemia?
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Describe the test profile of B12 and Folate
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How to differentiate pernicious anaemia from B12 deficiency?
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Achlorhydia
IF antibodies |
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Treatment of megaloblastic anaemias
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What are other causes of Macrocytosis (15)
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Poor lifestyle: smoking, alcohol, liver disease, chronic obstructive airways disease
Anemias: Aplastic, leucoerythroblastic Blood: myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloma, reticulocytosis congential: Family downs syndrome |
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Which drugs can induce macrocytosis and macrocytic anaemias>
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How does alcohol and chronic liver disease result in megaloblastic anaemia
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EtOH directly suppresses bone marrow
also has weak anti-folate affect ?hypersplenism history of progressive leucopenia and thrombocytopenia can lead to haemolytic |
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Describe Alcohol CLD FBE results
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same as B12 except
- always low RCC Hct - normal RDW MCHC may not have leucopenia may not have thrombocytopenia |
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Describe Alcohol CLD film
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ROUND!
NO HYPERSEGMENTED NEUTROPHILS (unless comorbid b12) ROULEAUX due to Ig release less anisocytosis and poikilocytosis than seen in the megaloblastic conditions target cells, stomatocytes spur cells |
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Further Tests and Results for Alcohol and CLD
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Breifly describe MDS
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*
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