Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
List the human DNA tumor viruses of the:
- polyomaviruses x3 - herpesviruses x2 - hepadnoviruses x1 |
BK virus
JC virus SV-40 virus EBV KSHV Hepatitis B virus |
|
List the human RNA tumor viruses of the:
- retroviruses x1 - flavivirus x1 |
HTLV-1
Hepatitius C virus |
|
Cellular oncogenes are deregulated by what? x2
|
Overexpression
Mutation |
|
Viral oncogenes defined.
|
Virus-acquired cellular proto-oncogenes.
|
|
Loss of function for what gene leads to CA?
|
Tumor suppressor gene
|
|
Effects on cellular genes:
- RNA tumor viruses - DNA tumor viruses |
Activates proto-oncogenes
Negates cellular TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE |
|
What is the primary function of proto-oncogenes?
|
Signal transduction from cell surface to the nucleus.
(also has growth stimulation potential) |
|
DNA tumor viruses target what two pathway altering proteins?
|
Rb (Retinoblastoma protein)
p53 |
|
DNA vs RNA tumor viruses oncogenes:
- v-onc enssential? - cellular homologue? - affects signaling pathway how? - association with strategy for viral replication |
DNA: essential viral genes
RNA: NOT essential viral genes DNA: NO cellular homologue (v-onc not cellularly obtained) RNA: acquired cellular genes DNA: INACTIVATE tumor suppressors RNA: DEREGULATE signal pathway DNA: linked RNA: unrelated |
|
What type of target cell does DNA tumor virus like to undergo transformation?
|
Quiescent
Differentiated Non-conducive to viral replication |
|
Viral oncogenes encoded by ______ preparing the cell for?
|
Early genes
Viral replication |
|
DNA tumor virus transformation will inhibit what 2 tumor suppressor proteins that prevent what progression?
|
Rb and p53
G1 progression |
|
List the three small DNA tumor viruses.
|
HPV
SV40 Adenovirus |
|
For DNA tumor viruses, transformation only occurs when?
what happens here? |
in the "aborted" viral life cycle
Early genes expressed Replication (which is cytocidal) does not occur |
|
Adenovirus:
- gene product - cellular target |
E1A -> Rb
E1B -> p53 |
|
SV 40:
- gene product - cellular target |
Large T antigen -> Rb
|
|
Polyomavirus
- gene product - cellular target |
Large T antigen -> Rb
Middle T antigen -> Src and PI3K |
|
Papillomavirus
- gene product - cellular target |
E7 -> Rb
E6 -> p53 E5 -> PDGR Receptors |
|
What would you seen in CIN I for a HPV infection? x4
|
Differentiated Cells
Infectious virus Koilocytes Episomes |
|
What would you seen in CIN III for a HPV infections? x4
|
Undifferentiated Cells AT ALL LAYERS
Integrated virus DNA Cancer High Dysplasia |
|
For HPV, an E2 disruption upon integration would lead to what event?
|
Loss of regulation for E6 and E7
|
|
During HPV integration what oncogenes are preserved? x3
|
E6
E7 LCR (long control region) |
|
During HPV integration what oncogenes are lost? x2
|
E2
Other genes needed to replicate virus are lost |
|
What are the outcomes of small DNA tumor virus infection? x3
|
Cell cycle deregulation
(no consequence if cell dies secondary replicative infection) Monoclonal tumors (same viral DNA integration site in all cells) Transformation (rare, but possible in non-permissible cells) |
|
Transformation requires what? x2
|
Abortive infection
Integration of intact viral gene |
|
EBV LMP1 mimics what?
E5 gene of bovine papillomavirus mimics what? |
CD40 receptor
PDGF Receptor |
|
HHV-8:
- # of strands in genome - linear or circular genome - what subfamily? |
double stranded
Linear, but circular once inside cell Gammaherpesvirus |
|
HHV-8 (or KSHV)
- Ubiquitous? - Strong risk factor? - #1 Reservoir |
NOT ubiquitous
(very uncommon) AIDS B-cells |
|
Kaposi's sarcoma:
- clinical symptoms - driven by what process |
Multiple vascular nodules of skin, mucous membrane, and viscera
Cytokine |
|
Kaposi's sarcoma:
- What would you expect to see on a histological slide? x4 |
Proliferation of Spindle/Endothelial cells
Infiltrating inflammatory cells Extravasation of erythrocytes Extensive Neoangiogenesis |
|
Kaposi's sarcoma:
- transmission x2 - endemic where? - epidemic where? - classic KS? |
sexual
saliva Central Africa (younger age, more women, aggressive) AIDS patients (homos) Older Mediterranean men (benign, distal extremities) |
|
Detection of HHV-8 in all histological views show what forms?
What does this indicate? |
Identical
Common etiology |
|
T/F - Kaposi's is only longitudinal transmission.
|
False.
Can be vertical also. |
|
What tests would detect HHV8 and get samples from where? x4
|
PCR
saliva semen prostate peripheral blood lymphs |
|
HHV8 "pirates" cellular genes that regulate what? x3
|
Angiogenesis
Cell cycle Inflammation |
|
List three diseases associated with HHV8.
|
Kaposi's Sarcoma
Body cavity-based primary effusion lymphomas Multicentric Castlemen's Disease |
|
Body cavity-based primary effusion lymphomas:
- describe mass - what molecules are not expressed - often co-infected with what other virus? |
Non-contiguous mass
Adhesion molecules EBV |
|
Multicentric Castlemen's Disease
- describe mass - location - what cellular process involved? |
Non-neoplastic lymphoproliferation
Generalized or as solitary mediastinal node IL-6 overexpression (viral or cellular) |
|
viral IL-6 expression is relevant in the pathogenesis of what two diseases?
|
Kaposi's and Castlemans
|
|
List the HHV-8 pirated cellular proto-oncogenes and describe what they do? x5
|
1. viral Bcl-2 (APOPTOSIS regulator)
2. viral IL-6 (ANTI-APOPTOSIS, B-Cell growth stimulator) 3. viral G-Protein coupled receptor (ANGIOGENIC activity) 4. viral IFN regulatory factor (negative regulator of INF signaling) 5. viral Cyclin (Cell Cycle regulator) |
|
Which are the lytic cellular proto-oncogenes that are pirated by HHV-8?
|
Bcl-2
IL-6 G-protein-coupled receptor |
|
KS is the most common malignancy associated with what other disease?
|
AIDS
|
|
What has dropped the incidence of KS by 50-75%?
|
HAART
|
|
T/F - KSHV Genome encodes genes that are homologous to cell-signaling and regulatory pathway proteins.
If this were true, what is this called? |
TRUE
Molecular mimicry |
|
KSHV is a DNA tumor virus with oncogenes acquired from what genes?
|
Cellular
|