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172 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Longitude measures the angle from____to the center of the earth to ____or ___.
prime meridian:east:west
if you travel 4*30'N latitude from Randolph, how many miles have you traveled?
310.5
What is the reference point for lines of latitude?
the equator
Approximately how many kilometers seperate Orlando, Florida at 29*N and Cleveland, Ohio at 41*N? (the earth rotates 15* each hour and one degree =112km)
1364km
a point halfway between the eqautor and the south pole has a latitude of?
45*S
Which two points are farthest away from each other?
a-76*45'22" : 76*44'32"
b- 78*26'44" : 78*27'42"
c- 55*10'10" : 54*59'0"
d- 66*20'3" : 65*30'10"
c- 55*10'10" : 54*59'0"
One degree at the equator is approximately?
69 miles
the radius of the earth is approximately?
4000miles
the signs + and - can be used to represent direction of latitude and longitude. which of the following represents the coordinates 24*10'N 162*30'W
a +24*10' +162*30'
b +24*10' -162*30'
c -24*10' -162*30'
d -24*10' +162*30'
b +24*10' -162*30'
which line of latitude is found 11,200 km North of the south pole?
a 10*N
b 10*S
c 100*N
d 100*S
10* N
A city's location on the earth with respect to the prime meridian is given by the city's
longitude
what is the location of a point that is 85* south of the equator and 350* east of the prime meridian?
a 85*S, 350*E
b 85*S, 10*E
c65*S, 350*W
d85*S 10*W
d 85*S, 10*W
each degree of latitude or longitude is divided into 60 smaller units called?
minutes
which statement about lines of longitude is true?
a they converge at the equator
b they converge at the poles
c they are parellel
d they locate positions in north and south directions
d they locate positions in N and S directions
the latitude and longitude coordinates for Randolph NJ are?
a 41*N, 74*W
b 41*S, 74*E
c 74*N, 41*W
d74*S, 41*E
a 41*N, 74*W
the latitude of the north pole is?
90*N
which are always the same in length?
meridians
if you drove 5*west from Detroit, Michigan and your brother drove 5* east from Atlanta, Georgia
a) you both drove along the same line of lat
b) you would travel farther going west from detroit
c) your brother would travel farther
d) you both drove the same distnce
c) your brother would travel farther
if I was standing on the equator and traveled 10*N and then 20*S, where would I be at?
10*S
which of the following cities are located at approximately the same longitude?
a) Portland, Oregon, SanFransisco, California
b)Boston, Mass, Houston, TX
c) New York City, Chicago, IL
d) SanDiego, Ca and Philadelphia,PA
a) Portland and San Francisco
true or false...lines of latitude are all the same length?
false
equator is to latitude as_____is to longitude
prime meridian
at which line if latitude are the meridians farthest apart?
0*
if you were standing on the prime meridian, which continent would you not be on?
asia
imagine that you are standing at the south pole. If you traveled 30* along the international date line, then traveled 10* west, your final coordinates would be?
60*S, 170*W
latitude values are determined by the angle from?
the equator, north to south
you have just been hired by National Geographic to photograph polar bears. what is your likely destination?
a) 15*32'15"S, 180*
b) 40*50'10"N, 75*12'2"W
c) 70*32'14"N, 150*W
d) 90*E, 65*N
c) 70*32'14N,150*W
from what point are all lines of latitude measured?
0*
what continent/country crosses 60*N latitude?
North America
what continent crosses 30*S latitude?
South America
Red light and green light combine to form
a) magenta
b) cyan
c) yellow
d) brown
c) yellow
Red light and blue light combine to form
a) magenta
b) cyan
c) yellow
d) black
a) magenta
A flashlight shines through a green filter. A red filter is placed behind the green filter. what appears on the screen?
a) blue
b) red
c) magenta
d) black
d) black
This type of spectrum will be seen when electrons are heated and excited to the point where they move to a higher level shell (or cloud)
a) continuous spectrum
b) bright-line spectrum
c) dark-line spectrum
d) spectroscope
c) dark-line spectrum
An uneven spaced series of DARK lines is known as a (an)
a) continuous spectrum
b) emission spectrum
c) absorption spectrum
d) spectroscope
c) absorption spectrum
if the wavelength of light decreases (gets shorter), then its frequency must
a) decrease
b) remain the same
c) rotate
d) increase
d) increase
which of the following answer choices lists types of electromagnetic radiation from longest wavelength to shortest wavelength?
a) radio waves, ultraviolet light, infrared light?
b) infrared light, microwaves, X rays
c) X rays, ultraviolet light, gamma rays
d) microwaves, infrared light, visible light
d) microwaves, infrared light, visible light
The visible spectrum is located between
a) x-rays and gamma rays
b) ultraviolet and infrared waves
c) infrared rays and radio waves
d) x-rays and ultraviolet waves
b) ultraviolet and infrared waves
Microwaves move
a) at a slower speed than gamma rays
b) at a faster speed that radio waves
c) at the same speed as visible waves
d) a&b
c) at the same speed as visible waves
Our sun as well as most stars form
a) dark-line spectra
b) continuous spectra
c) bright-line spectra
d) no spectra
a) dark-line spectra
The spectrum of a star moving away from the earth is shifted toward which end of the spectrum?
a) red
b) white
c) orange
d) blue
a) red
which type of spectrum does an incandescent light bulb produce?
a) dark-line
b) continuous
c) bright-line
d) none
b) continuous
Ms. Smith just bought a shiny, BLUE car and she wants to show you, so she is driving TOWARDS YOU VERY FAST (almost at the speed of light)!
a) you notice loudness drop by a few decibles
b) you would see the car as green, or red-shifted
c) you would see the car as indigo, or blue-shifted
d) you would hear the pitch drop
c) you would see the car as indigo, or blue-shifted
high energy_____ waves were created at the time of the Big Bang
a) gamma
b) radio
c) micro
d) ultraviolet
a) gamma
which of the following is NOT true of visible light?
a) it is also known as white light
b) the wavelengths are longer than gamma rays
c) it includes all the colors of the rainbow
d) the waves of each color travel at a different speed.
d) the waves of each color travel at a different speed
a force that tends to pull together the matter in the universe is
a) magnetism
b) expansion
c) strong nuclear force
d) gravity
d) gravity
what evidence did Hubble find for the big bang?
the further galaxies have greater red shifts
what is the fate of our universe presently?
open
an electron moving back to a lower shell level will?
display an emmission spectrum
because the light of the moon reflects the sun's light, its spectrum is
an absorption spectrum
the temperature in space is?
3 degrees above absolute zero
what type of electromagnetic radiation causes sun burn?
ultraviolet
mrs.Schanzenbacher needs white light to shine on the board but she only has colored flashlights. She remembers that she can use a combination of colors to get white light. what combinationcan she use?
green red blue
the frequency and wavelength of low energy light has?
low frequency, long wavelengths
the theory of the formation of the universe that states that the universe is changing is called?
big bang
the doppler shift is?
the apparent change in energy of distant galaxies
the eye sees different colors because each color
has a unique wavelength
if an electron moves to a smaller or lower orbit in an atom, the atom loses energy. Where does it go?
off into the universe to be observed as an aemission line
how long ago was the big bang?
13-15 bilion years ago
the continuous spectrum with emission lines of the fluorescent light results from a?
glowing solid of salt and hot gas of mercury
what analogy describes the movement of the universe?
a raisin bread in the oven
evidences that support the big bang theory are?
red shift of distant galaxies and background radiation in space
the "C" in C=af is?
constant speed of energy
in which state of matter do most materials on earth have their greatest density? (the exception is water)
solid
which unit of measurement defines the amount of matter an object contains?
mass
the most common element in our atmosphere is?
nitrogen
which of the following would be evidence of a blue shift observed in a spectrum?
a red emission line shifting to an orange emission line
if a red emission line within the visible spectrum experiences a red shift, in what region of the electromagnetic spectrum would you expect to see the line?
infrared region
what will happen to an object's wavelength as the object moves toward you?
the wavelength will be shortened
the fact that there are_____waves in outer space today is evidence of the big bang theory.
microwaves
the speed of light travels at (pay attention to the units)
a)300,000 m/hr
b)8 min/sec
c)186,000km/hr
d) none of these
d) none of these
the first particle to form immediately after the big bang was?
quark
the basic rule for colors of light is light can only?
transmit and reflect the color it is
Foucault's pendulum was used to?
prove that the earth rotates
when viewed from above the North Pole, the earth rotates how?
counterclockwise
which one of these is NOT a cause for the change of seasons?
a) tilt of the earth's axix
b) parallelism of the earth's axis
c) changing distance from the sun
d)the earth's revolution around the sun
c)changing distance from the sun
what is the longest daylight day in the northern hemisphere?
june 21st
in what month does the earth reach perihelion?
january
when in the earth at the farthest point in its orbit from the sun?
aphelion
the northern hemisphere has warmer weather in the summer because the
angle of sunlight is more near vertical
the main reason for the earth's seasons is the?
tilt of the earth's axis
when the south pole tilts toward the sun, the northern hemisphere experiences?
winter
on the summer solstice, the sun's vertical (direct) rays strike the earth along the?
tropic of cancer
the latitude of the tropic of cancer is?
23.5*N
revolution was proved by?
parallax
what motion causes there to be night and day?
rotation
daytime and night are unequal in length in most parts of the earth because the?
earth's axis is tilted
by parallelism of the earth's axis, we mean that the earth's axis?
always points to the same star in the sky
on which date are the sun's vertical rays south of the equator and moving southward?
october 1st
which is most likely to result from an increase in the earth's rotation?
a decrease in the length of day
each year, the area south of the antarctic circle experiences 24 hours of darkness on what day?
june 21st
the reason that summers in Randolph, NJ are warm and days are longer is the angle of insolation is?
larger during the summer
daylight hours vary seasonally by____hours at 40*N?
6
the earth revolves around the sun at a speed of?
100,000km/hr
the speed that the earth rotates is?
1600km/hr
the latitude of the north pole is
90*N
what describes the parallelism of the earth's axis?
it is always parallel to itself anywhere in its orbit
Foucault's pendulum is a famous demonstration of and proved the earth's?
rotation
earth' is closest to the sun on about?
january 1st
what would happen at middle latitudes if the tilt of the earth's axis increased by 10 degrees?
warmer summers and colder winters
the hemisphere that leans toward the sun has warmer temperatures because the sun's rays are?
more direct and the daylight period is longer
what is a characteristic of rotation?
rate of rotation is equal to one day
HOW DOES EACH HOUR CORRESPOND TO 15* OF LONGITUDE?
the earth rotates 15* per hour
why are the tropics of cancer and capricorn located at their current locations?
they mark the extreme northern and southern latitudes of the sun's vertical rays
daytime and nighttime are unequal in length in most parts of the world, most of the year because the earth
is tilted
what is the significance of paraelism of the earth's axis?
the tilt of the earth's axis is always 23.5* and does not change direction during revolution
the vertical angle between a point in our celestial sphere and the horizon is known as?
altitude
the point in our celestial sphere directly overhead is known as the
zenith
on what date does the sun reach the zenith above Randolph?
never
on what date are the sun's vertical rays south of the equator and moving southward?
october 1st
in what month does the earth reach aphelion?
june
the distance that the earth is from the sun is not a factor for the causes of the seasons because?
the earth is closer to the sun in winter
which is NOT a cause for the change of seasons?
a) tilt of the earth's axis
b)parallelism of the earth's axis
c) changing distance from the sun
d) the earth is closer to the sun in the spring
c)changing distance from the sun
12 hours after the vernal equinox, the sun's vertical rays strike the earth nearer to the?
tropic of cancer
the true meaning of solstice is?
sun stop
the seasonal changes would be most dramatic in temperature regions (where seasonal changes are noticeable) if the tl\ilt of the earth's axis was?
40.5*
the earth rotates in a____direction in the northern hemisphere
counterclockwise
the earth is at____on the winter solstice?
perihelion
why does the length of daylight vary throughout the year LESS at the equator than anywhere else on earth?
the sun's vertical rays are never more than 23.5* away from it
how many days during the year is the sun directly overhead ibn randolph?
0
which would happen at the mid-latitudes if the tilt of the earth's axis decreased by 10*
colder summers warmer winters
a traveler moving south from the equator toward the antarctic circle in january will discover that the daylight period?
increases
how would the seasons change if the axis of rotation increased to 40*?
warmer summers, colder winters
what proved revolution?
parallax
the northern hemisphere has warmer weather in summer because the?
angle of sunlight is more nearly vertical
the reason that the winters in randolph are cold and the days are shorter is?
the angle of insolation is small at 40* latitude
which of the following is most likely to result from an increase in the earth's rotation rate?
a) an increase in the length of day
b)an increase in length of year
c) a decrease in length of day
d) a decrease in length of year
a decrease in length of day
the driving force throughout most of a star's life is the battle between?
gravity and fusion
the final outcome of a star's life is decided when the star
is still a nebula
helium fusion occurs during?
red giant and red super giant stages
which of the following is the smallest?
a)main sequence
b) protostar
c) white dwarf
d)neutron stars
d) neutron stars
luminosity compares a star's true brightness to that of?
the sun
although these objects appear faint to us, scientists believe that they are the brightest objects in the universe
quasar
absolute MAGNITUDE compares a star's true brightness to that of?
each other
ONE WAY THAT WE INDENTIFY BLACK HOLES IN SPACE IS
A)the doppler shift of their spectrum
b)we can feel their gravitational pull
c)we can see theri effects on neighboring stars and planets
d)we sent out probes that found them
d)we sent out probes that found them
if i fell into a black hole i would be spaghettified. the reason for this is?
the pull of gravity on my feet would be greater than the pull on my head
main sequence stars have?
a0 hydrogen fusion occuring in a shell around the core
b)helium fusion occuring in the core
c)helium fusion occuring in a shell around the core
d)hydrogen fusion occuring in the core
d)hydrogen fusion occuring in the core
andromeda is a/an?
a neighboring galaxy
if a star ends up as a black hole, it was
a)an average star
b)able to push electrons together
c)able to push the neutrons together
d) less than 3 solar masses
c)able to push neutrons together
the difference between a white dwarf and a black dwarf is the
a)black dwarf has surpassed the speed of light
b)black dwarf emits less energy
c)white dwarf is undergoing fusion
d)white dwarf is still cooling down
d)white dwarf is still cooling down
a proto-star
a)emits light
b)determines the mass of a star
c)has fusion occurring
d)successfuly fights gravity
a)emits light or glows
a nova is
a ring of debris from outer layers of a giant around a white dwarf
although these objects appear faint to us, scientists believe that they are the brightest objects in the universe
quasar
absolute MAGNITUDE compares a star's true brightness to that of?
each other
ONE WAY THAT WE INDENTIFY BLACK HOLES IN SPACE IS
A)the doppler shift of their spectrum
b)we can feel their gravitational pull
c)we can see theri effects on neighboring stars and planets
d)we sent out probes that found them
d)we sent out probes that found them
if i fell into a black hole i would be spaghettified. the reason for this is?
the pull of gravity on my feet would be greater than the pull on my head
main sequence stars have?
a0 hydrogen fusion occuring in a shell around the core
b)helium fusion occuring in the core
c)helium fusion occuring in a shell around the core
d)hydrogen fusion occuring in the core
d)hydrogen fusion occuring in the core
andromeda is a/an?
a neighboring galaxy
if a star ends up as a black hole, it was
a)an average star
b)able to push electrons together
c)able to push the neutrons together
d) less than 3 solar masses
c)able to push neutrons together
the difference between a white dwarf and a black dwarf is the
a)black dwarf has surpassed the speed of light
b)black dwarf emits less energy
c)white dwarf is undergoing fusion
d)white dwarf is still cooling down
d)white dwarf is still cooling down
a proto-star
a)emits light
b)determines the mass of a star
c)has fusion occurring
d)successfuly fights gravity
a)emits light or glows
a nova is
a ring of debris from outer layers of a giant around a white dwarf
as a result of a supernova explosion
a)hydrogen is destroyed
b)there is eventual making of a new star with heavy elements
c)a violent explosion blows the core of a super giant apart
d)heat can be felt on earth
b)there is eventual making of a new star with heavy elements
which of the following is NOT true of a main sequence star?
a)our sun is one
b)hydrogen is fusing to make helium
c)most stars are on the main sequence
d)the size of the star is slowly changing
d)the size of the star is changing
where did zinc, iron and potassium in our bodies come from?
a)a nova explosion
b)a neutron star
c)a supernova explosion
d)a red giant
c)a supernova explosion
what prevents complete gravitational collapse in a white dwarf?
a)nuclear fusion
b)electron pressure
c)neutron pressure
d)proton pressure
b)electron pressure
a star's color is determined by its?
a)temperature
b)core temp
c)surface temp
d)average temp
c surface temp
if you observed four stars one night, the brightest would be the one with?
a)a magnitude od 4.62
b)the 1st magnitude
c)the -1st magnitude
d)a magnitude of -4.62
d) magnitude of -4.62
fusion stops in a red giant because the
a)core is all iron
b)electrons fight gravity
c)hydrogen is completely converted to helium
d)helium is completely converted to carbon
d)helium is completely converted to carbon
betelguse is a/an?
a)very close galaxy
b)super red giant
c)blue giant
d)red giant
b)super red giant
after a nova occurs, the core of the remaining star is composed of?
a)hydrogen
b)helium
c)carbon
d)iron
c)carbon
true or false? in the nuclear fusion process, energy is released as lighter elements are joined to make heavier elements
true
the apparent magnitude of a star depends on?
a)size of the star and the elements in it
b)distance and luminosity of the star
c)luminosity and size of the star
d)b and c
b)distance and luminosity of the star
when is hydrogen completely used up in the core of a star?
a)when it becomes main sequence
b)when it becomes red supergiant
c)when it becomes white dwarf
d)when it becomes neutron star
b)when it becomes red super giant
the milky way is approximately
a) 100,000 ly accross
b)20,000ly across
c)200,000LY across
d)50,000LY across
a)100,000LY across
the H-R diagram shows the relationship between the absolute magnitude of a star and its
a)surface temp
b)distance to earth
c)temp
d)luminosity
a)surface temp
why is the main sequence stage of a star considered the stable state?
the gravitational pull inward towards the core of the star is equal to the outward pressure of energy being released because of fusion
in the fusion reaction in the sun, what happens to the hydrogen mass that does not convert to helium?
a)it is converted to energy
b)it is converted to carbon
c)it is lost to the outer shell of the star
d)nothing, there is no hydrogen being converted to helium
a)it is converted to energy
for a star to have iron in its core it must have a core temp of what?
600 million degrees C
in a pulsar?
a)gravity has won and its core will collapse
b)neutrons keep its core from collapsing
c)electrons keep its core from collapsing
d)protons keep its core from collapsing
b)neutrons keep its core from collapsing
the final stage in the life of a star with a mass similar to that of the sun is a?
a)black hole
b)white dwarf
c)red giant
d)black dwarf
d)black dwarf
white dwarfs are
a)hotter than the sun and higher in luminosity
b)cooler than the sun and lower in luminosity
c)hotter than the sun and lower in luminosity
d)cooler than the sun and higher in luminosity
c)hotter than the sun and lower in luminosity