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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Where is the most common place to have a herniated disc?
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L4/L5
L5/S1 |
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Where is the common place to have a herniated disc in the cervical region?
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C5/C6
C6/C7 |
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When does the spinal cord normally end in adults?
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L1/L2
But sometimes may go as high as T12 or as low as L3 |
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Which artery supplies 2/3 of the spinal cord?
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Greater anterior segmental medullary artery
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In which mesoderm layer do you see the formation of somites ?
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Paraaxial Mesoderm
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What do somites differentiate into?
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1) Myotome (epimere)
2) Myotome (hypomere) 3) Sclerotome 4) Dermatome |
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List the two spinotransversales muscles
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1) Splenius Capitis
2) Splenius Cervicis |
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Where do spinotransversales muscles originate and insert?
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Origin: Spinous processes/Ligamentum Nuchae
Insert: Occipital bone or transverse process |
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Spinotransversales
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Draw head backwards
Rotate head to one side (same side of contracting muscle) |
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Origin of Splenius Capitis
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Spinous Process C7-T4
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Origin of splenius cervicis
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Spinous processes T3-T6
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What are the three erector spinae muscles (also known as sacrospinalis)?
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Iliocostalis
Longissimus Spinalis |
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What do the erector spinae muscles do?
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Extend and bend the vertebral column
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Which is the largest erector spinae muscle?
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Longissimus
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Which transversospinalis muscle is unique?
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semispinalis. it attaches to the skull and unilateral contraction causes the chin to mov toward the ipsilateral slide
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What are the three contents of the sub-occipital triangle?
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1) Posterior arch of the atlas
2) Suboccipital nerve 3) Vertebral artery |
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Whats the purpose of the crura and arcuate ligaments?
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Attach diaphragm to the bodies and intervertebral discs of lumbar vertebrae.
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Which crus is shorter? left or right
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Left (L1 to L2)
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The aortic hiatus contains and transmit at what level ...
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T12
1) aorta 2) Thoracic duct 3) Azygos 4) Intercostal Lymphatic Trunks |
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Esophageal hiatus contains and transmit at what level ...
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T10
1) esophagus 2) esophageal branches of left gastric a/v 3) Ant/Post Vagal trunks 4) Lymphatic vessels |
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The vena caval foramen contains what and transmit at what level
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T8
1) IVC 2) Right phrenice nerve 3) Lymphatic Vessels |
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Sternocostal hiatus contains what...
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1) lymphatic channels
2) superior epigastric artery |
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Which hernia is right sided, and anterior and is thru the sternocostal hiatus?
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Morgagni
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Which hernia is posterolateral; left sided and thru the pleuroperitoneal hiatus?
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Bochdalek
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What hernia goes thru the eosphageal hiatus and is usually associated with GERD?
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Hiatal hernia
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Nerve supply PSOAS muscles
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L1 to L3
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Nerve supply Quadratus Lumborum
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T12, L1-L4
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Nerve supply transversus abdominis
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Iliohypogastric nerve
Ilioinguinal nerve |
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Nerve supply iliacus
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femoral nerve (L2-L4)
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Origin/Insertion:
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major |
Origin: Spinous Process of Axis (C2)
Insertion: Inferior Nuchal Line |
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Origin/Insertion:
Obliquus Capitis Superior |
Origin: Transverse Process of Atlas (C1)
Insertion: Sup./Inf. Nuchal Line |
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Origin/Insertion:
Obliquus capitis Inferior |
Origin: Spinous Process of Axis (C2)
Insertion: Transverse Process of Atlas (C1) |
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Origin/Insertion:
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor |
Origin: Posterior Tubercle of Atlas (C1)
Insertion: Inferior Nuchal Line |
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Origin and Insertion:
Splenius Capitis |
Spinous to Sup. Nuchal Line/Mastoid Process
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Origin and Insertion:
Splenius Cervicis |
Spinous to Transverse
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Origin and Insertion:
Iliocostalis cervicis |
Ribs to Transverse
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Origin and Insertion:
Iliocostalis thoracis |
Ribs to (Ribs + Transverse)
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Origin and Insertion:
Iliocostalis lumborum |
Spinous/Sacrum/Suprasp. Lig
to Ribs |
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Origin and Insertion:
Longissimus (erector spinae) |
Transverse to Transverse
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Origin and Insertion:
Spinalis capitis |
Spinous to Spinous
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Origin and Insertion:
Spinalis cervicis |
Spinous/Low Lig Nuchal
to Spinous |
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Origin and Insertion:
Spinalis thoracis |
Semispinalis to semispinalis
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Origin and Insertion:
All transversospinalis (in general) |
Transverse to Spinalis
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Origin and Insertion:
Interspinalis |
Spinous to Spinous
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Origin and Insertion:
Intertransversarii |
Transverse to Transverse
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