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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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collection of lymph tissue in the nasopharynx
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adenoids
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air sacs in the lungs
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alveoli
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uppermost portion of the lung
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apex
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lower portion of the lung
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base of the lung
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smallest branches of the bronchi
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bronchioles
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branch of the trachea that is a passageway into the air spaces of the lung
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bronchus
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a gas produced by body cells when oxygen and food combine
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carbon dioxide
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thin hairs that help clear bacteria and foreign substances from the lung
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cilia
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muscle separating the chest and abdomen
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diaphragm
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lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx
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epiglottis
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midline region of the lung- location where bronchi, blood vessels and nerves enter and exit the lung
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hilum
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inspiration
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breathing in
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breathing out
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expiration
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opening to the larynx
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glottis
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voice box
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larynx, la la la
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division of the lung
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lobe
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region between the lungs in the chest cavity- contains trachea, heart, aorta, esophagus and bronchial tubes
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mediastinum
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oxygen
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gas that enters into our bloodstream at the lungs
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palatine tonsils
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almond shaped lymphoid tissue in the oropharynx
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one of the air cavities in the bones near the nose
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paranasal sinus
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the outer fold of the pleura lying closest to the ribs and wall of the thoracic cavity
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parietal pleura
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throat
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pharynx
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double folded membrane surrounding each lung
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pleura
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layer of pleura nearest the lung
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visceral pleura
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layer of pleura nearest the ribs
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parietal pleura
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space between the folds of the pleura
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pleural cavity
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the essential cells of the lung
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pulmonary parenchyma - par- en- kym- a
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windpipe
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trachea
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listening to sounds within the body
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auscultation
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tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure
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percussion
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scratchy sound produced by the motion of inflamed or irritated pleural surfaces rubbing against each other (bad- painful!)
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pleural rub/friction rub
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abnormal crackling sounds heard during inspiration when there is fluid or blood or pus in the alveoli
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rales/crackles
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material expelled from the chest by coughing or clearing the throat
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sputum
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sputum containing pus
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purulent
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strained - high-pitches noisy sound made on inspiration- associated with obstruction of the larynx or trachea
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stridor
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high pitch whistling sound
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wheeze
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acute viral infection - usually seen in children- signs are obstruction of larynx, barking cough and stridor
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croup
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acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by diptheria bacterium
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diptheria
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nosebleed
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epistaxis
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bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx and trachea caused by bordetella pertussis
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pertussis/whooping cough
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chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by airway obstruction caused by edema, broncho-constriction, and increased mucus production
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asthma
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chronic dilation of the bronchus resulting from infection of the lower lung
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bronchiectasis
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cancerous tumors arising from the bronchus
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bronchogenic lung ca
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two general categories of lung cancer
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non-small cell lung cancer
small cell lung cancer |
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inflammation of the bronchi persisting over a long time
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chronic bronchitis
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inherited disorder of the exocrine glands resulting in thick mucous secretions
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cystic fibrosis
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incomplete expansion of the alveoli, collapsed, functionless airless lung
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atelectasis
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hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls
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emphysema
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abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs
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pneumoconiosis
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acute inflammation and infection of alveoli which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction
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pneumonia
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inhalation of coal
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anthracosis
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inhalation of asbestos
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asbestosis
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inhalation of silicone
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silicosis
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exudate
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fluid, blood cell and debris in the lungs
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pneumonia that involves an entire lobe of the lung
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lobar pneumonia
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pneumonia common in infants and the elderly
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bronchopneumonia
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hospital acquired pneumonia
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nosocomial pneumonia
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swelling and fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles
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pulmonary edema
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clot or thrombus that lodges in the vessels of the lung
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pulmonary embolism
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formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs
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pulmonary fibrosis
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chronic inflammatory disease of unknown cause in which small nodules or tubercles develop in lungs, lymph nodes or other organs
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sarcoidosis
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infectious disease caused by bacteria in the lungs or any organ of the body
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tuberculosis
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rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura and associated with exposure to
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mesolithioma
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abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
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pleural effusion
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inflammation of the pleura
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pleurisy/pleuritis
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collection of air in the pleural space
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pneumothorax
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radiograph of the thoracic cavity
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chest X-ray
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computer generated X-ray images show thoracic structures in cross-section
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CT scan
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X-ray images taken after injecting radiopaque contrast into the pulmonary artery or R side of the heart
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pulmonary angiography
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magnetic waves create detailed images of the chest in frontal, lateral and cross-sectional planes
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MRI
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detection device records radioactivety after injection of a radioisotope or inhalation of small amount of radioactive gas
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V/Q scan
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fiber-optic or rigid endoscope inserted into the bronchial tubes for dx, bx or collection of specimens
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bronchoscopy
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placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway
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endotracheal intubation
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laryngoscopy
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visual examination of the voice box
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removal of lung tissue obtained by bronchoscopy or thoracotomy
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lung bx
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an apparatus that moves air in and out of the lungs
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ventilator
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endoscopic visual exam in the mediastinum
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mediastinoscopy
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group of test that measure lung function
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PFT
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used to measure the volume and rate of air passing in and out of the lung
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spirometer
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expansion of the lung is limited by disease
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restrictive lung disease
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the ability of gas to diffuse across the alveolar-capillary membrane is measured by this
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DLco- diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide
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surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space
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thoracentesis
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major surgical incision of the chest
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thoracotomy
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visual exam of the chest via small incisions and use of an endoscope
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thorascopy
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creating an opening into the trachea through the neck
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tracheostomy
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determines past or present tb infection
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tuberculin test
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Chest tube is passed through an opening in the skin of the chest to continuously drain a pleural effusion
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tube thoracostomy
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