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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Argument Form
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The pattern of reasoning or the specific structure exhibited by an argument.
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Modus Ponens |
Common argument form in which the second premise affirms the truth of the antecedent of the first premise. If A, then B A So, B |
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Substitution Instance |
Is the replacement of an argument form with an argument or the replacement of an argument with an argument form. |
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Variable
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A letter that functions as a placeholder for a statement.
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Conditional Statements
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A hypothetical statement or simply an "If-Then" statement. |
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Antecedent
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Identified by "If" part
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Consequent
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Identified by "Then" or "Only If"
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Modus Tollen
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Common argument form in which the second premise denies the truth of the antecedent of the first premise. If A, then B Not B So, Not A |
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Negations
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Are statements that deny the truth of other statements. |
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Hypothetical Syllogism
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An argument made up of three proposition (major/minor premise, and the conclusion). If A, then B If B, then C So, if A, then C |
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Disjunction
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Is an Either-or-Statement
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Disjunctive Syllogism
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An argument in which the major premise is a disjunction. Either A or B or Either A or B Not A Not B So, B So, A |
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Exclusive
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A statements in which both disjuncts can not be true. |
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Inclusive
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A statement in which it is possible for both disjuncts to be true.
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Constructive Dilemma
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An argument form in which the disjunction of the antecedents of two implicational statements leads to the disjunction of the consequents. If A, then C If B, then D A or B C or D |
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Syllogism
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To reason together, or to put statements together into a pattern of reasoning. |