Logic 1.2 I

Front 1

The turkey vulture is called by that name because its red featherless head
resembles the head of a wild turkey.

Back 1

Non-Argument : Explanation

Front 2

If public education fails to improve the quality of instruction in both primary
and secondary schools, then it is likely that it will lose additional students to
the private sector in the years ahead.

Back 2

Non-Argument: Conditional statement

Front 3

Freedom of the press is the most important of our constitutionally guaranteed
freedoms. Without it, our other freedoms would be immediately threatened.
Furthermore, it provides the fulcrum for the advancement of new freedoms.

Back 3

Argument
Conclusion: Freedom of the press is the most important of our constitutionally guaranteed freedoms.

Front 4

A mammal is a vertebrate animal that nurses its off spring. Thus, cats and dogs
are mammals, as are sheep, monkeys, rabbits, and bears.

Back 4

Non-Argument: Illustration

Front 5

It is strongly recommended that you have your house inspected for termite
damage at the earliest possible opportunity.

Back 5

Non-Argument: Piece of advice

Front 6

Mosquito bites are not always the harmless little irritations most of us take
them to be. For example, some mosquitoes carry West Nile virus, and people
who are infected can become very sick or even die.

Back 6

Argument

Conclusion: Mosquito bites are not always the harmless little irritations most of us take them to be.

Front 7

If stem-cell research is restricted, then future cures will not materialize.
If future cures do not materialize, then people will die prematurely. Therefore,
if stem-cell research is restricted, then people will die prematurely.

Back 7

Argument

Conclusion: If stem-cell research is restricted, then people will die prematurely.

Front 8

Fictional characters behave according to the same psychological probabilities as
real people. But the characters of fiction are found in exotic dilemmas that real
people hardly encounter. Consequently, fiction provides us with the opportunity
to ponder how people react in uncommon situations, and to deduce moral lessons,
psychological principles, and philosophical insights from their behavior.

Back 8

Argument

Conclusion: Fiction provides us with the opportunity to ponder how people react in uncommon situations.

Front 9

I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who
are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.
I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their
own way. I believe that our help should be primarily through economic and financial
aid, which is essential to economic stability and orderly political processes.

Back 9

Non-argument: Statement of Belief

Front 10

Five college students who were accused of sneaking into the Cincinnati Zoo
and trying to ride the camels pleaded no contest to criminal trespass yesterday.
The students scaled a fence to get into the zoo and then climbed another fence
to get into the camel pit before security officials caught them, zoo officials said.

Back 10

Non-argument: Report

Front 11

Mortality rates for women undergoing early abortions, where the procedure
is legal, appear to be as low as or lower than the rates for normal childbirth.
Consequently, any interest of the state in protecting the woman from an
inherently hazardous procedure, except when it would be equally dangerous
for her to forgo it, has largely disappeared.

Back 11

Argument

Conclusion: Any interest of the state in protecting the woman from an inherently hazardous procedure, except when it would be equally dangerous for her to forgo it has largely disappeared.

Front 12

The pace of reading, clearly, depends entirely upon the reader. He may read
as slowly or as rapidly as he can or wishes to read. If he does not understand
something, he may stop and reread it, or go in search of elucidation before
continuing. The reader can accelerate his pace when the material is easy or
less than interesting, and can slow down when it is difficult or enthralling.
If what he reads is moving he can put down the book for a few moments and
cope with his emotions without fear of losing anything.

Back 12

Non-argument: Expository passage

Front 13

We as a nation have been guilty of far too many excesses for too long. We
waste more than most in the rest of the world. It is time we sucked it in and
tightened our belts. Our families, our nation and the rest of the world will
only be better off .

Back 13

Non-argument: Opinion

Front 14

Lions at Kruger National Park in South Africa are dying of tuberculosis. “All
of the lions in the park may be dead within ten years because the disease is
incurable, and the lions have no natural resistance,” said the deputy director
of the Department of Agriculture.

Back 14

Non-argument: Report of an argument

Front 15

Economics is of practical value in business. An understanding of the overall operation of the economic system puts the business executive in a better position to formulate policies. The executive who understands the causes and
consequences of inflation is better equipped during inflationary periods to
make more intelligent decisions than otherwise.

Back 15

Argument:

Conclusion: Economics is of practical value in business.

Front 16

Bear one thing in mind before you begin to write your paper: Famous literary
works, especially works regarded as classics, have been thoroughly studied
to the point where prevailing opinion on them has assumed the character of
orthodoxy.

Back 16

Non-argument: Piece of advice

Front 17

Young people at universities study to achieve knowledge and not to learn a
trade. We must all learn how to support ourselves, but we must also learn how
to live. We need a lot of engineers in the modern world, but we do not want a
world of modern engineers.

Back 17

Non-argument: loosely associated statements.

Front 18

No business concern wants to sell on credit to a customer who will prove
unable or unwilling to pay his or her account. Consequently, most business
organizations include a credit department which must reach a decision on the
credit worthiness of each prospective customer.

Back 18

Argument:

Conclusion: Most business organizations include a credit department which must reach decision on the credit worthiness of each prospective customer.

Front 19

For organisms at the sea surface, sinking into deep water usually means death.
Plant cells cannot photosynthesize in the dark depths. Fishes and other animals
that descend lose contact with the main surface food supply and themselves
become food for strange deep-living predators.

Back 19

Argument

Conclusion: For organisms at the sea surface sinking into deep water usually means death.

Front 20

Since the 1950s a malady called whirling disease has invaded U.S. fishing
streams, frequently attacking rainbow trout. A parasite deforms young fish,
which often chase their tails before dying, hence the name.

Back 20

Non-argument: Explanation