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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which of the following describes a characteristic of atelectasis?
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Collapse of lung tissue and airspaces
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The FEV1 / FVC ratio is near normal in?
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kyphoscoliosis
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Inflammatory changes seen in asthma are seen in which part of the lungs?
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bronchi
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Which of the following does not contribute to the inflammatory processes is asthma in major way?
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CD4+ TH1 cells
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Atopy is associated with ______ and ______asthma?
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. IgE / extrinsic
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Permanent enlargement of the _________ is seen in emphysema.
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alveoli
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Which of the following is not an obstructive lung disease?
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acute respiratory distress syndrome
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Antibodies to both glomerulai and pulmonary basement membranes is?
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Goodpastures’s syndrome
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More than 95% of pulmonary emboli arise from?
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The most common cause of acute hacierial pneumonia is
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large deep veins of the lower extremities
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Streptococcus pneumoniae
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Although pneumonia can develop with several underlying diseases, it ypically follows
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viral upper respiratory tract infections
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Which of the following is the correct sequence, from the iniial stage to final stage of
pneumonia? |
congestion > red hcpatization > gray hepatizalion > resolution
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The most common cause ot nosocomnial acquired pneumonia is
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P. aeruginosa
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Regarding tuberculosis, a person -- if he (she) manifests clinical symptoms.
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is diseased
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If a person has a positive _________ tests and does not have symptoms of TB, then that
person is said to be __________? |
Mantoux / infected
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If the TB organisms in the _______ focus escape and arc carried through the lymphatic's. seeding of the organism throughout the body will produce tuberculosis.
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Ghon / miliary
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Spread of the TB organism to the vertebrae is called __________ disease.
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Potts
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Secondary TB is classically localized the ________ of the lungs.
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apex of upper lobes
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Ninety-five percent of primary lung cancers develop in the
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bronchial epithelium
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Apical lung tumors arc termed as________ tumors.
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Pancoast
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Normally, the plasma BUN (blood urea nitrogen) is about?
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7- 20 mg/dl
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The combination of _______ results in a biochemical abnormality termed.
azotemia. |
urea and creatinine
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Greater than 3.5 gm/day excretion of protein in the urine is called,
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nephrotic syndrome
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In a glomerulus, fenestrated endothelial cells are found the
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capillaries
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Pedicels and Filtration slits arc formed by the _______ of the glomerulus.
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visceral epithelium
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The above correct answer in question # 25 has another term for the epithelium that have
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podocytes
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of the nephrotic syndrome?
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hyperaihuminemia
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Which of the following is relatively benign and is the most frequent cause of nephrotic syndrome in children?
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lipoid nephrosis
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Rapidly progressive (crescentic) glonierulosclerosis for the most part seen as having
proliferation of which glomerular cell type? |
parielal epithelium
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Which of the following is one of the most common causes of recurrent hematuria.
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IgA ncphropithy
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The term used to describe infection of the renal pelvis is
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pyclonephritis
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The principal cause of acute pyelonephritis is the organism, ____________
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E. coli
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Which of the following is nor a common cause of pyelonephritis?
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food poisoning
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Adult polycystic disease is due to a defect in a protein called,
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polycystin
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Super saturation of dissolved substances in urine may result in a painful problem
called, ______ |
nephrolithiasis
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aking too many analgesics for pain may result in a kidney problem called.
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papillary necrosis
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Which of the following is not a way of preventing kidney stones?
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Drinking as little fluids as possible.
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If there is impediment to urine emptying into the urinary bladder, -— may
develop. |
hydroureter
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Renal cell carcinomas may extend from the kidney a travel in which of the following?
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inferior vena cava
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Wilm’s tumor of the _______ is seen predominately in __________.
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kidney/children
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herpes simplex I virus is associated with which of the following?
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cold sores
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Loose fitting dentures, smoking, or chronic alcohol abuse could lead to
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leukoplakia
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For the correct answer (# 42) above, what can (leVelop in 5-15% of its cases?
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squamous cell carcinoma
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Esophageal tears, seen most frequently in alcoholics with bouts of retching, is which
of the following? |
Mallory-Weiss syndrome
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Replacement of stratified squamous epithelium in the esophagus due to long-standing
esophageal reflux is which of the following? |
Barrett’s esophagus
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Of clinical significance relative to the correct answer (#45) above, there is a 30-40 fold risk of developing ____________
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adenocarcinoma
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Vomiting blood from the stomach is called, ______
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hematemesis
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Chronic gastritis may or may not be painful. Whatever its causes (drugs, alcohol,
stress) the damage is usually confine to the |
mucosa
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__________, describe the type of damage to the structure in question #48.
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erosions
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Classical features of -_______ may include pain that tends to be worse at night
and occurring 1-3 hours after a meal. |
peptic ulcers
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In Ilirschprung’s disease (congenital megacolon). which of the following is true?
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The unaffected portion has Meissncrs and Auerhach’s plexuses.
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Acquired megacolon can be caused by several things, including __________ disease.
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Chaga’s
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Bloody, low-volume, and painlut stools is called. ______
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dysentery
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When insoluble wheat protein, gliadin, affects some people in a way [hat produces a
malabsorption syndrome, this particular problem is called. |
celiac sprue
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An idiopathic inflaniniatory bowel disease that can affect any pan of the UI tract,
produce skip lesions, and fistulas is. ______ |
Crohn’s disease
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Which of the following is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease that begins in the
distal colon, works its way proximally, and may go to cancer? |
ulcerative colitis
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Which of the following is true if diverticuli?
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Ninety-five percent are found in the sigmoid colon
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Telescoping of bowel into itself is called. ___________
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intussusception
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Which of the following is a tumorous, epithelial growth that grow into the lumen of the
gut? |
polyp
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Ninety-eight percent of all cancers in the large intestine are _______ that arise from __________.
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adenocarcinoma.s / adenomatous polyps
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