Local Anesthesia Test Prep

Front 1

The rate of onset of anesthetic action is related to the _____
of the local anesthetic

Back 1

pKa

Front 2

The _________is the greatest barrier to penetration of local anesthetics

Back 2

perineurium

Front 3

____________ is the unhindered migration of molecules or ions through a fluid medium under the influence of the concentration gradient

Back 3

Diffusion

Front 4

Fasciculi located near the surface of the nerve & are exposed to a higher concentration of local anesthetic whichare blocked first are termed:

Back 4

Mantle fibers

Front 5

Fasciculi that are closer to the center of the nerve & experience a delay in action of anesthetic and a lower concentration of anesthetic are:

Back 5

Core Fibers

Front 6

Complete conduction blockade of nerve fibers requires an adequate amount of __________and ____________ of the local ansth. be deposited.

Back 6

volume and concentration

Front 7

These fibers tend to innervate more proximal regions.

Back 7

Mantle fibers, fibers near the surface of the nerve.

Front 8

These fibers innervate more distal points of nerve distribution.

Back 8

Core bundles

Front 9

After deposition of an anesthetic, some diffuses into the nerve, and some is absorbed by nonneural tissues like muscle and fat. True or False

Back 9

True

Front 10

__________ _______ is defined as the period from deposition of the anesthetic solution to complete conduction blockade

Back 10

Induction time

Front 11

pKa is known as :

Back 11

dissociation constant

Front 12

drugs with a ______pKa have amore rapid onset of action.

Back 12

lower.

Front 13

Local anesthetics with increased _______ ________ produce more effective conduction blockade at lower concentrations

Back 13

lipid solubility

Front 14

The degree of ______ _______
of the local anesthetic molecule is responsible for the
duration of the anesthetic activity.

Back 14

protein binding

Front 15

_________affects both the potency and the duration of a drug.

Back 15

Vasoactivity

Front 16

The nerve sheath(epineural) DOES or DOES NOT constitute a barrier to the diffusion of anesthetic into the nerve.......

Back 16

DOES NOT

Front 17

The greater the initial concentration of the local anesthetic, the_______is the diffusion of molecules and more rapid onset of action.

Back 17

faster

Front 18

Which factor affects the ONSET of anesthetic action?
a. protein binding
b.lipid solubility
c.vasoactivity
d.non nervous tissue diffusability
e. pKa

Back 18

d,e both
e. increased diffusability=decreased time of onset
d.pKa(lower pKa=more rapid onset of action)

Front 19

Anesthetic duration is ___________ in areas of decreased vascularity.

Back 19

increased

Front 20

The addition of a vasopressor decreases tissue perfusion to a local area which_________
the duration of the block.

a. increases
b. decreases

Back 20

a. increases