Livestock And Poultry Building

Front 1

Extensive Farming

Back 1

uses small inputs of labor, fertilizer,and capital, relative to the land area being farmed

Front 2

Intensive Farming

Back 2

higher levels of input and output per cubic unit of agricultural land area.

Front 3

Farm Structures

Back 3

different type of physical construction that are put up in a farm for the purpose of l8vestock and crop production.

Front 4

Behavior Pattern

Back 4

variation within a species is caused mainly by different in the environment between the sexes, breed, stain & individual variance also have an inifuence

Front 5

Genetic Factors

Back 5

capacity of an animal to produce different between species, breed and stains as a result

Front 6

Animal husbandry factors

Back 6

complex set of interrelated will influencw the animal's ability to utilize that capacity for growth, development and production.

Front 7

Physical Environment

Back 7

Animal Housing design is mainly concerned in particular climatic and mechanical mechanism

Front 8

Heat Regulation

Back 8

balance in internal heat regulation and heat loss to the environment.

Front 9

Hypothalamus

Back 9

acts as a body thermostat by stimulating mechanism to conteract either high or low ambient temperature.

Front 10

Fiber rich, low digestible feedstuff

Back 10

result in high heat production in riminants

Front 11

Animal Moisture and heat production

Back 11

surplus of heat is conducted to the skin surface where it is transfered to the atmosphere

Front 12

Sensible Heat

Back 12

heat convection, conduction, and radiation

Front 13

Latent Heat

Back 13

through evaporation of the moisture from the lungs and skin

Front 14

Ventilation

Back 14

heat and moisture produced by the animal confined in a structure must be removed.

Front 15

Open-sided structured

Back 15

In the tropics, sufficient air flow is usually provided. With this structure style

Front 16

Humidity

Back 16

if excessively low- irration of mucuos membrane.

If excessively high- promotes growth of fungus infection and also contribute to decay.

Front 17

Radiation

Back 17

Heat load of grazing animals.

Hint 17

- heat gained by radiation can be effectively reduced by provision of shaded area.

- grass covered ground in the surroundings of the shade will reflect less than baresoil

Front 18

Air Movements

Back 18

assist heat loss by evaporation and by conduction/convection, as long as the air temperature is lower than the skin temperature.

Hint 18

Remove noxious and toxic gases. And supply fresh air for breathing.

Wind velocity between 0.2m/s - 1.0m/s.

Front 19

Precipitation

Back 19

heavy rain decrease fur's insulation and strong wind can lead to excessive cooling.

Hint 19

naturally greasy hair will resist water penetration and with the provision of a shelter for the animals the problem may be avoided.

Front 20

Microbial Environmental.

Back 20

sanitary measures should be incorporated into any building design, so that goo hygienic standard can easily maintained.

Hint 20

diseases are transmitted in may ways, direct contact between animals, airborne micro-organisms., biting insects, manure, soil, contaminated feed and water, birds and rodents and stock persons boots.

Front 21

Acoustic Factors

Back 21

have only a marginal effects on the animal's development and production.

Front 22

Day length or photoperiod

Back 22

varies with the latitude and season and has a direct influence on the animal performance, especially on breeding season.

Front 23

Dust

Back 23

can carry micro-organisms. Which may cause an outbreak of disease.

Front 24

Toxic & Noxious gases

Back 24

produced by manure that accumulate in the buildings or storage facilities