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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What's the function of triacyglycerols?
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They are the principal form of storage of energy in man
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What's the function of phospholipids?
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Biological membranes
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What is the function of lipoproteins?
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1- cell membranes.
2- lipid transport. |
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What are the simple lipids?
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Triacylglycerols
Waxes |
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Name 3 complex lipids?
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1- Phospholipids.
2- Glycolipids. 3- Lipoproteins. |
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What is the meaning of amphipathic lipids?
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Lipids having a polar head and a hydrophobic tail
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What is the general formula of saturated fatty acids?
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CH3(CH2)nCOOH
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Lignoceric acid is a
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Saturated C24 fatty acid found in the nervous system
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C18:1
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Oleic Acid
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C18:1(9)
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Oleic acid, 18 carbons, 1 double bond between carbon 9 and 10
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An omega 6 fatty acid
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linoleic acid
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an omega 3 fatty acid
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linolenic acid
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Essential fatty acids
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fatty acids having a double bond beyond carbon 9
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Name two essential fatty acids
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1- Linoleic acid(C18:2(9,12))
2- Linolenic acid(C18:3(9,12,15)) |
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Eicosanoids are formed from
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C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids
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Eicosanoids are derived from
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Arachidonic acid
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What are the 3 classes of eicosanoids
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1- Prostaglandins.
2- Leukotrienes. 3- Thromboxanes. |
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Prostaglandins have a ... carbon ring
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5 carbon ring
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What are the two classes of prostaglandins
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1- PGE(ether soluble).
2- PGF (phosphate buffer soluble). |
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Thromboxanes have a .... membered ring
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6
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What is the function of leukotrienes?
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They are the mediators of allergic reactions and inflammation.
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What is phytanic acid?
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a major methylated fatty acid found in milk lipids and animal fat.
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Where is phytanic acid found?
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Milk lipids and animal fat
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Triacyglycerols are
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3 fatty acids each connected by an ester bond to a glycerol modelcule
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A vasodilator used in coronary artery dieases that is derived from glycerol
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nitroglycerine
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Glycerol is used in the treatment of .....(dehydration)
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Glaucoma
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What makes triacylglycerols better than glycogen when it comes to energy storage?
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1- They yield more energy bercause their carbon atoms are more reduced.
2- They are stored without any water associated to them while glycogen is highly hydrophilic. 3- An average person has 350g of glycogen stored in his liver and muscles, they will only sustain hin for 24 hours of fasting. |
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What are the hydrolytic products of cardiolipin?
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Glycerol
2 phosphatidic acid molecules |
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What's tge function of lysolecithin
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It is a astrong hemolytic factor
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Name two phospholipids having an ester linked fatty acid
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1- Plasmalogens.
2- Sphingophospholipids. |
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Ceramide =
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Sphingosine + fatty acid
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The only sphingolipid that is phospholipid
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Sphingomyelin
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What arethe hydrolytic products of sphingomyelin?
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ceramide and phosphoryl choline
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Lung surfactant
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dipalmityl lecithin
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Cerebrosides
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Glucose || Galactose + ceramide
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An icrease in the level of glucocerebroside may be a sign of
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Gaucher's disease
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Precursor of steroid hormones
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cholesterol
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Secondary bile acids are formed from primary bile acids by
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Action of intestinal bacteria
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Lipids mainly on the outer membrane
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Choline containing phospholipids
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Inner monolayer
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Ethanolamine and serine containing phopholipids
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Factors affecting membrane fuildity:
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1- Cis fatty acids.
2- Polar groups of the phospholipids. 3- Cholesterol gives the membrane its rigidity. 4- The fluidity increases with temperature. |
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Define integrins
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Heterodimeric proteins with two dissimilar alpha and beta subunits.
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Name some processes that integrins regulate
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1- Platelet aggregation.
2- Tissue repair. 3- Activity of immune cells. 4- Tumor invasion. |
