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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1) Describe gen structure/fxn lipids
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-organic, poorly soluble in water, readily dissolves in organic solvents (ether, benzene),
-mem lipids are ampipathic (nonpolar/polar ends) |
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3) List major biological fxns of lipids
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body: metaboilic fuels, storage transport energy, structural component cell mem, dietary constituent
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a. Simple lipids: esters of FA w/ various alchools
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i. Fats- FA w/ glycerol
ii. Waxes- esters i\of FA; higher molecular weight |
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b. Complex lipids: esters of FA in addition to alcohol and FA
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i. Phosphlipids: phoshporic acid residue
1. Glycerolipids- 2. Sphino\gophospholipid 3. Glycolipid- FA _+carbohydrate + sphingosine 4. Other complex lipid: vitamins and hormones also lipoproteins |
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sphingolipid
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sphingoid base backbone that is synthesizedde novo from the amino acid serine and a long-chain fatty acyl CoA, then converted into ceramides, phosphosphingolipids, glycosphingolipids and other compounds
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glycerolipid
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mono-, di- and tri-substituted glycerols, three hydroxyl groups of glycerol are each esterified, usually by different fatty acids
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fatty acid
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acetyl-CoA primer with malonyl-CoA or methylmalonyl-CoA groups, hydrocarbon chain that terminates with a carboxylic acid group
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classify FA accordning to # C
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i. Short: 2-4, med: 6-10, long: 12-26
ii. Even numbered, linear, come in pairs |
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classify # double bonds
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i. Short: 2-4, med: 6-10, long: 12-26
ii. Even numbered, linear, come in pairs |
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isomer configuration
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i. Cis: *most common, causes bend- impt for formation membrane, more pronounced more double bonds
ii. Trans: partially hydrogenated oils iii. Acyl chain same side of double bond = CIS, opposite trans iv. Cis = low melting point, |
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e. Position of the double bond relative to w-end of molecule
i. ` |
Methly end, ch3, w 6 = double bond on sixth c counting from w terminal
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pancreatic lipase
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Methly end, ch3, w 6 = double bond on sixth c counting from w terminal
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lipoprotein lipase
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1. Hydrolizes lipids in lipoproteins, in chylomicrons and LVDL, into 3 FFA and one glycerol, requires Apo-C11 as cofactor
2. Found in endothelial cells lining capillaries, heart, muscle, adipose |
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hepatic lipase
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1. form of lipase. It is expressed in the liver and adrenal glands.[1]One of the principal functions of hepatic lipase is to convert IDL to LDL.
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hormone sensitive lipase
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2. hydrolzye first FA from triacylglycerol molecule , freeing FA and diglyceride, actiavtead when needed energy stores in body
3. long form in testis- cholesteryl esters to free cholesterol, short form in adipose tissue, hydrolzyes triglycerdies to FFA |
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a. Packaging of newly synthesized TAGs into chyolomicron (phase 4)
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a. Packaging of newly synthesized TAGs into chyolomicron (phase 4)
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b. Name four major classes of lipids present in lipoproteins
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TAGS: 16%
ii. Phospholipids: 30% iii. Cholesterol 14% iv. Cholesteryl esters: 36% |
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chylomicrons
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i. Chylomicrons: chyle, rich in triglyceride, common in blood, digestion, transport all dietary lipids
ii |
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VLDL
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. VLDL: transport of traicycglycerol from liver to extrahepatic tissues
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LDL
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iii. LDL: delivers cholesterol to tissues, final stage, most dangerous
iv |
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HDL
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. HDL: removes cholesterol from tissue and retrun to liver for excretion
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