Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
119 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
AAVE |
African American Vernacular English, formerly known as Black English Vernacular by sociolinguists, and known as ebonics outside the academic community. It is a dialect most commonly spoken by urban working-class African Americans.
|
|
|
abstraction |
df |
|
|
acrolect |
A dialect that is prestigious, example: Received Pronunciation, which is a British dialect native to the south of England. |
|
|
amelioration |
h |
|
|
argot |
The jargon or slang of a particular group or class. |
|
|
assibilation |
h |
|
|
assigned gender |
h |
|
|
auxiliary |
h |
|
|
basilect |
A dialect that is socially stigmatized. Example: the Southern US dialect.
|
|
|
Canadian raising |
|
|
|
clear 'l' |
|
|
|
clipping |
|
|
|
code-mixing |
|
|
|
code-switching |
|
|
|
concretization |
|
|
|
creole |
|
|
|
cumulative |
|
|
|
dark 'l' |
|
|
|
dead metaphor |
|
|
|
dialect |
|
|
|
dummy auxiliary |
|
|
|
ebonics |
|
|
|
enclosures |
|
|
|
EFL |
|
|
|
ENL |
|
|
|
ESL |
|
|
|
euphemism |
|
|
|
folk etymology |
|
|
|
fortition |
|
|
|
functional shift |
|
|
|
generalization |
|
|
|
Great Schism |
|
|
|
Great Vowel Shift (GVS) |
|
|
|
Homophones |
|
|
|
Humanism |
|
|
|
Hypotaxis |
|
|
|
Idiolect |
|
|
|
Idiom |
|
|
|
Inkhorn term |
|
|
|
Jargon |
|
|
|
Kamtok |
|
|
|
Latin |
|
|
|
lenition |
|
|
|
lexifier |
|
|
|
lingua franca |
|
|
|
loan word |
|
|
|
macaronic |
|
|
|
malapropism |
|
|
|
mesolect |
A dialect that is somewhere between prestigious and socially stigmatized; it is between the basilect and the acrolect.
|
|
|
modal auxiliary |
a type of auxiliary verb that is used to indicate modality – that is, likelihood, ability, permission, and obligation. Examples include the English verbs can/could, may/might, must, will/would, and shall/should.
|
|
|
narrowing |
|
|
|
nationalism |
|
|
|
national variety |
|
|
|
natural gender |
|
|
|
neologism |
A new word.
|
|
|
non-rhotic speech |
h |
|
|
noun adjunct |
a noun which modifiers another noun but is optional (unlike in a compound noun, where neither element is optional). Ex, neighbourhood broker.
|
|
|
parataxis |
|
|
|
pejoration |
|
|
|
periodic |
|
|
|
periphrasis |
|
|
|
periphrastic tenses |
|
|
|
phonemic vowel length |
|
|
|
phonemic double consonants |
|
|
|
pidgin |
|
|
|
prestige dialect |
|
|
|
primary auxiliary |
|
|
|
printing |
|
|
|
Protestant Reformation |
|
|
|
quasi-modals |
|
|
|
Renaissance |
|
|
|
restrictive (non-restrictive) relative clauses |
|
|
|
rhotic (non-rhotic) speech |
|
|
|
shibboleth |
|
|
|
shift in connotation/denotation |
|
|
|
slang |
|
|
|
standard English |
|
|
|
strengthening |
|
|
|
style |
|
|
|
taboo language |
|
|
|
Tok Pisin |
A creole language spoken in Papua New Guinea. It began as a pidgin, but has become a distinct language in its own right. |
|
|
Two-part (or separable) verb |
|
|
|
weakening |
|
|
|
yod (yoddizing) |
|
|
|
449 |
Tribes of Angles, Saxons and Jutes invade Britain.
|
|
|
597 |
Rome sends St. Augustine to covert English - widespread Christian conversion takes place
|
|
|
680 |
s |
|
|
793 |
a |
|
|
878 |
King Alfred establishes Dane law - creating an area in north England under Danish control to put a stop to invasion
|
|
|
911 |
r |
|
|
1066 |
William the Conqueror invades England and establishes Norman rule of England. French becomes language of upper classes, English for lower classes - dramatic changes to English as a result
|
|
|
1204 |
King John loses Normandy to France. Growing patriotism favours English over French
|
|
|
1337-1453 |
The Hundred Years' War between England and France. English language re-established in England because of growing nationalism |
|
|
1348 |
First waves of Black Death - peaks between 1348-1350. 30-60% of Europe's population killed
|
|
|
1381 |
Peasants revolt in England against poll tax to help pay for Hundred Years war - serfdom dissappears due to emerging middle class
|
|
|
1476 |
William Caxton sets up printing press in Westminster - his use of London English promotes that dialect and results in standardised printed English. First printed The Canterbury Tales by Chaucer
|
|
|
1509 |
Henry VIII becomes King
|
|
|
1776 |
US Declaration of Independence - new form of English language born from new nation
|
|
|
Caxton |
Set up first printing press in England
|
|
|
Chaucer |
Wrote Canterbury Tales
|
|
|
Gawain-poet |
Wrote Gawain and the Green Knight
|
|
|
Francis Grose |
Wrote Dictionary of Antiquities |
|
|
Samuel Johnson |
Dictionary of The English Language in 1755 - established modern lexographic practices |
|
|
Langland |
Wrote Piers Plowman between 1370 and 1390 |
|
|
Robert Lowth |
Wrote short Introduction to English grammar as pedagogical grammar - established many rules for standard English
|
|
|
Milton |
Wrote Paradise Lost in 1667 - product of religious interpretations of Puritan commonwealth
|
|
|
Peterborough Chronicle |
r |
|
|
John Purvey |
Follower of John Wycliffe, who translated the bible into English |
|
|
John of Trevisa |
Translated Polychronicon |
|
|
Squanto |
w |
|
|
Noah Webster |
Expressed his desire for distinct language system in the US - wrote Dissertation of the English language
|
|
|
Thomas Wilson |
Wrote The Arte of Rhetorique in 1553 |
|
|
case |
|
|
|
strong verbs |
|
|
|
weak verbs |
|
|
|
nominative |
|
|
|
genitive |
|
|
|
dative |
|
|
|
accusative |
h |
