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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anthropomorphism |
- Attributinghuman characteristics to non-human thingsBiases us toanimals actual abilitiesIs incrediblycommonplace, in both ancient and modern culture worldwide |
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Cognition |
The faculty ofthe mind to process informationMind-bodyproblem; how do we reconcile an abstract idea with reality?Science: we useabstract notions to explain the world around usNot really aproblem, but a matter of unifying theories |
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Language |
The faculty ofthe mind that manipulates a discrete combinatorial system + recursion dealingwith visual/auditory input/output It is innate |
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Universal Grammar |
the mechanism inthe mind that ALLOWS for all humans to acquire language |
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Prescriptive Grammar |
what you are taught in school |
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Descriptive Grammar |
What you actually produce |
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Linguistics |
engineering for languages |
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Syntax |
study of language structure |
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Semantics |
study of meaning |
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Phonology |
study of sound (abstract representations) |
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Phonetics |
study of sound (physical) |
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Theory of Mind |
Attributemental states to ourselves while understanding others can do this as well |
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Scientific Method |
Hypothesis-data collection-experimentation analysis-theory A philosophy ofacquiring new knowledge |
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What purpose do myths serve? |
Didacticfunction – story used to teach some concept; reveals what is important to thatcultureMythology adaptsto the times |
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Creation of Myths and commonalities |
Golden age +humans mess up + punishment +animals are godlikeCheyenne,Sumerian, Judeo-Christian, etc. |
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Sentience |
The ability toexperience something |
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Commonalities of Myths |
Lack of science– lack of information at the timeDefine socialbehaviors: how to treat humans/animalsRationalizationof self-interestsBlame outside ofthe individualThe humanexperience |
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The origins of language |
languageis something “external” rather than “internal” |
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Being a good scientist |
The scientificmethodValidhypothesis: replicable and falsifiableBiases:confirmation bias, reification fallacy, myth/folklore bias |
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Neuroanatamy |
The main lobes:frontal, occipital, parietal, temporalCerebral cortex:16 billion neurons, outermost layer, human rich/animal poor |
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Language Origins |
maladaptiveevolution of larynx, pairing of sounds with emotions Learned vs innate |
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Case Study Bees |
Waggledance: calculate angle of the sun and distance to flower Quality of fooddetermined by intensity of dance |
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The Piraha |
Some claims: innumerate language, no colorterms, no recursion, finite language, no creation myths/stories/art, no kinshipterms beyong nuclear family, etc |
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Numbers and Counting |
Ability sharedamongst humans and several animals
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Counting |
attend toobject, categorize object, represent symbolically |
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Subitization |
ability torapidly create count judgments |
