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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What do transparent materials do to light?
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transmit light that strikes it
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What do translucent materials do to light?
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scatter light as it passes through
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What do opaque objects do to light?
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reflects and absorbs light that strikes it
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What determines the color of an opaque object
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The color of an opaque object is the color of light it reflects.
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What determines the color of a transparent or translucent object?
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The color of light it transmits
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secondary color
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2 primary colors combind
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primary colors
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red, blue, green
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complementary colors
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2 colors that combine to form white light
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pigments
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absorb some colors and reflect others they are found in dyes, inks, and paints
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rays
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waves in straight lines
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concave mirror
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mirror that's surface cures inward
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optical axis
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imaginary line that divides a mirror in half
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focal point
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a point at which rays parallel to the optical axis meet
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real image
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when the rays meet
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convex mirror
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a mirror with a surface that curves outward
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why are images formed by a convex mirror always smaller?
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because they rays never meet
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lens
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a curved piece of glass or other transparent material that is used to refract light
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convex lens
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is thicker in the center than at the edges
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concave lens
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is thicker and the edges
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electromagnetic wave
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a transverse wave that transfers electrical and magnetic energy
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What does an electromagnetic wave consist of?
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vibrating electric and magnetic fields that move through space at the speed of light
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electromagnetic radiation
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the energy that is transfered through space by electromagnetic waves
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what is the speed of life in a vacuum?
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300,000 kilometers per second
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polarized light
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the light that passes through vibrates in only one direction.
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photoelectric effect
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When a beam of light shines on some substances, the electrons move. sometimes the electron can even be knocked out of the substance because its moving so much.
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photon
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a packet of light energy
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what is similar and different about the waves on the electromagnetic spectrum?
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The all travel at the same speed in a vacuum, but have DIFFERENT wavelengths and frequency's.
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electromagnetic spectrum
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the complete range of electromagnetic waves placed in order of increasing frequency.
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radio waves
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The electromagnetic waves with the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies ( ex. Radio, televison)
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microwaves
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The radio waves with the shortest wavelengths and the highest frequency.( ex. microwaves)
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What is Radar?
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a system that uses reflected radio waves to detect objects and measure their distance and speed.
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What does Radar stand for?
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RAdio, Detection, And, Raging.
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Infrared rays
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electromagnetic waves with wavelengths shorter than those of a radio waves ( heat lamps, infrared camera's)
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thermogram
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an image that shows regions of different temperatures in different colors.
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visible light
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Electromagnetic waves that you can see.
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Ultraviolet rays
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Electromagnetic waves with wavelengths shorter then those of visible light ( ex. The sun, UV lamps ( kill bacteria on hospital equipement))
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X- rays
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electromagnetic waves with wavelengths just shorter than those of ultraviolet rays.
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What kind of matter absorbs x rays?
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lead
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gamma rays
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The electromagnetic waves with the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies( ex. kills cancer cells)
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How are gamma rays produced?
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They are produced by explosions of stars in distant galaxies, but the earths atmostphere blocks them off.
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cornea
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The transparent surface on your eye through which light enters the eye.
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pupil
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an opening through which light enters the inside of the eye
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Iris
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a ring of muscle that contracts and expands to change the size of the pupil. The Iris gives the eye its color
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retina
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a layer of cells that lines the inside of the eyeball
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Rods
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cells that contain a pigment that responds to small amounts of light
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Cones
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cells that respond to color.
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optic nerve
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The short thick nerve that rods and cones send signals to the brain along.
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What does the pupil look like in bright light? Dim light?
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dim light- pupil is large
bright light- pupil is small |
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what kind/how do lenses correct nearsightedness
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a concave lens in front of the eye spreads out light rays before they enter the eye.
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what kind/how do lenses correct farsightedness?
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a convex lens corrects this by bending light rays toward each other before they enter the eye
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What are the primary colors of pigment?
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cyan, yellow, magenta
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what are the primary colors of light?
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red, blue, green
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what are the different waves on the electromagnetic spectrum in order?
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radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, Ultraviolet rays, X- rays, gamma rays.
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