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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
a type of gender identity in which the person scores high on both masculine and feminine personality characterisitcs
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androgyny
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a form of true social participation in which children are engaged in separate activities, but they interact by exchanging toys and comment on one another's behavior
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associative play
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a child-rearing style that is low in acceptance and involvement, high in coercive and psychological control, and low in autonomy granting
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authoritarian child-rearing style
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a child-rearing style that is high in acceptance and involvement, that emphasizes adaptive control techniques, and that includes appropriate autonomy granting
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authoritative child-rearing style
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combinations of parenting behaviors that occur in a wide range of situations, thereby creating an enduring child-rearing climate
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child-rearing styles
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a form of true social participation in which children's actions are directed toward a common goal
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cooperative play
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the understanding that sex is biologically based and remains the same even if clothing, hairstyle, and play activities change
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gender constancy
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an image of oneself as relatively masculine or feminine in characteristics
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gender identity
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an information-processing approach to gender typing that combines social learning and cognitive-developmental features to explain how environmental pressures and children's cognitions work together to shape gender-role development
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gender schema theory
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any association of objects, roles, or traits with one sex or the other in ways that conform to cultural stereotypes
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gender typing
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aggression intended to harm another individual
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hostile aggression
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a sens of self as knower and actor, which includes the realization that the self is separate from the surrounding world, remains the same person over time, has a private inner life not accesible to others, and controls its own thoughts and actions
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I-self
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a type of discipline in which the effects of the child's misbehavior on others are communicated to the child
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induction
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in Erickson's theory, the psychological conflict of early childhood, which is resolved positively through play experiences that foster a healthy sense of initiative and through development of superego, or conscience, that is not overly strict and guilt-ridden
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initiative versus guilt
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aggression aimed at obtaining an object, privilege, or space with no deliberate intent to harm another person
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instrumental aggression
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concerns that do not violate rights, are not socially regulated, and therefore are up to the individual
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matters of personal choice
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a sens of self as object of knowledge and evaluation, which consists of all qualities that make the self unique; physical characterisitcs and possessions; psychological characteristics, including desires, attitudes, beliefs, and personality traits; and social characterisitcs
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me-self
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standards that protect people's rights and welfare
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moral imperatives
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unoccupied, onlooker behavior and solitary play
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nonsocial activity
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a form of limited social participation in which the child plays near other children with similar materials but does not interact with them
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parallel play
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a child-rearing style that is high in acceptance but overindulging or inattentive, low in control, and lenient rather than appropriate in autonomy granting
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permissive child-rearing style
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a type of hostile aggression that harms others through physical injury; includes pushing, hitting, kicking, punching, or destroying another's property
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physical aggression
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actions that benefit another person without any expected reward for the self
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prosocial, or altruistic, behavior
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parental behaviors that intrude on and manipulate children's verbal expressions, individuality, and attachments to parents
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psychological control
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a form of hostile aggression that damages another's peer relationships through social exclusion, malicious gossip, or friendship manipulation
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relational aggression
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the sume total of attributes, abilities, attitudes, and values that an individual believes defines who he or she is
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self-concept
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an aspect of self-concept that involves judgements about one's own worth and the feelings associated with those judgements
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self-esteem
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customs determined solely by consensus, such as table manners
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social conventions
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feelings of concern or sorrow for another's plight
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sympathy
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a form of mild punishment in which children are removed from the immediate setting until they are ready to act appropriately
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time out
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a child-rearing style that combines low acceptance and involvement with little control and general indifference to autonomy granting
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uninvolved child-rearing style
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a type of hostile aggression that harms others through threats of physical aggression, name-calling, or hostile teasing
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verbal aggression
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