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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Possible explanations for observations; Scientists test these with experiments
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hypothesis
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Defined as the amount of space something occupies
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volume
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Used by a life scientist to magnify a living specimen.
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compound light microscope
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A set of related hypotheses that are supported by evidence.
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theory
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The use of knowledge, tools, and materials to solve problems and accomplish tasks
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technology
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Studying how wasps could be used to control fire ant populations is an area in which you might find a ___ working
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life scientist
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When researchers use the scientific method, they should
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repeat or switch the order of steps as needed
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A scientist who wants to study the possible side effects of a new medicine would want to include what?
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a control group that received no medicine
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What tool would a life scientist use to obtain a detailed image of the nerves that branch off a person's spinal cord.
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MRI
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What is an advantage of using the International System of units?
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it gives scientists a common way to share their results.
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In a scientific experiment, a hypothesis that cannot be tested is always considered to be
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not useful
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A _____g object contains the same amount of matter as a 10kg object
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10,000
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In the cell membrane, what kind of molecules form two layers
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phospholipid
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When a planarian worm is cut in half, each half develops into a whole worm. This is an example of what kind of reproduction?
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asexual
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What is sometimes called the blueprints of life?
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nucleic aid
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What is the passing of traits from one generation to the next?
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heredity
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What refers to all of the chemical activities that an organism's cells perform?
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metabolism
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What is a complex carbohydrate manufactured by plants?
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starch
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When a duck dives under water, its inner eyelids automatically raise to cover the duck's eyes. In this case the water acts as a...
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stimulus
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The molecule that provides energy for cellular processes
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ATP
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The subunits of protein
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amino acids
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What are some things cells use for energy storage?
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fats, oils, carbohydrates
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Which of the following is NOT true of proteins?
a. they are a component of spider webs b. they protect the cells from energy storage c. they are the primary source of energy for cells d. They speed up chemical reactions |
c. they are the primary source of energy for cells
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What are 3 parts to the cell theory?
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The most basic component of any organism is the cell. All cells originate from other cells. All living things are made up of one or more cells.
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A life scientist who observes the relationship between plants, animals, weather, and soil on a mountaintop is studying an
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ecosystem
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Which of the following is not found in plant cells?
a. lysosome b. ribosome c. cell membrane d. Golgi complex |
a. lysosome
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Cellulose is found in what type of cells?
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all plant cells
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What part of a cell manufactures lipids
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Endoplasmic reticulum
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Materials are to be released outside the cell are transported to the cell membrane in a small compartment that has pinched off the ______.
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Golgi complex
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What are 3 characteristics of bacteria?
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1) they are prokaryotes
2) their DNA is one long, circular molecule 3) they have a cell membrane |
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____ are made up of various tissues that work together to perform a specific job.
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organs
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The role of the cell's ____ is to release energy that can be used to power various processes.
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mitochondria
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Unlike animal cells, plant cells have ____ to capture energy from the sun.
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Chloroplasts
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DNA, the genetic material of a eukaryotic cell, is located in the cell's _____.
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nucleus
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Cells that have no membrane-covered organelles are
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prokaryotic
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A part of the Golgi complex can pinch off and form a _____ which contains digesting enzymes
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lysosome
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What is the random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
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diffustion
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Plants produce their own food by what process?
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photosynthesis
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Food molecules that are too large to pass easily through the cell membrane can enter by what process?
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endocytosis
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Human body cells have 23 pairs of what?
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Homologous chromosomes
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The process of cell division in a bacterial cell is called what?
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binary fission
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Food particles move through proteins in the cell membrane without using energy in a process called what?
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passive transport
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when wilted celery is soaked in water, it becomes crisp again due to what?
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osmosis
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Fermentation in animal cells produces what?
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lactic aid and ATP
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Oxygen is used to break down food molecules and release energy in a process called what?
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cellular respiration
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Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis?
a. glucose b. carbon dioxie c. water d. heat energy |
a. glucose
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What is used to make glucose in photosynthesis?(3 things)
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1) H20
2)CO2 3) light energy |
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What kind of plant produces offspring with the same traits as the parent?
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true breeding
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The physical expression of an organism's genes is its _____.
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phenotype
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Each parent donates a set of instructions to its offspring known as what?
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genes
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When Mendel performed genetic crosses, the traits that seemed to vanish were what kind of traits?
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recessive
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Eggs and sperm are what?
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sex cells
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Alleles may be what two things?
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dominate, recessive
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If you cross two rabbits that have the genotype Bb, how many possible genotypes can be found in the offspring?
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3
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how many chromosomes are present in a normal human sex cell?
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23
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if a purple flower with the genotype Pp(P=purple p=white) self polinates, the ratio of purple offspring to white offspring would be what?
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three purple: one white
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What is probability?
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the mathematical chance that an event will occur.
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Genes are composed of subunits known as ___.
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nucleotides
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Chargaff's rules state that the amount of _____ in DNA is always equal to the amount of guanine.
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cytosine
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What is genetic engineering?
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it allows scientists to transfer genes from one organism to another.
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What is a tool for tracing a genetic trait through generations of a family?
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pedigree
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Asbestos and Chemicals found in cigarette smoke are examples of chemical _____.
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mutagens
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How many bases does the code for a given amino acid consist of?
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3
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What materials make up each nucleotide in a DNA molecule?
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a sugar, phosphate, and a base
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Most genetic disorders suck as sickle cell anemia are due to a _____.
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recessive gene
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What is the complementary strand to the DNA sequence TAGTCA?
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ATCAGT
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Which of the following statements is false?
a. the environment has no influence on a person's traits. b. Several genes may affect a single trait. c. a single gene can affect more than one trait. d. a mutation can affect the traits of an organism. |
a. the environment has not influence on a person's traits.
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Genetic engineering is currently used to do what?
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Genetically alter plants, repair damaged genes, manufacture proteins
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What can cause sickle cell anemia?
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a change in the order of bases in a person's DNA
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A pine tree is a member of the kingdom ____.
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Plantae
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Some members of the kingdom Protista have _____.
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flagella
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What are the seven levels of classification from general to specific?
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kingdom, phyllum, class, order, family, genus, species
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Linnaeus is known for ______.
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Founding the science of taxonomy
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Organisms in the kingdom _____ usually move by themselves and have advanced nervous systems that allow them to respond to their environment.
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Animalia
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The scientific name for the common house cat is Felis domesticus. What is it's species name?
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domesticus
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What are 3 characteristics of Eubacteria?
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1) they live in the human intestines,
2) the convert milk to yogurt 3) they cause ear infections (or other sicknesses) |
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How do fungi obtain nutrients?
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they absorb them from their surroundings using digestive juices.
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Which kingdom's members include such organisms as the mold that grows on bread?
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fungi
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Orders of organisms are further broken down into what classification?
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family
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Two organisms that are in the same class will also be in the same ____.
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phylum
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Some organisms in the kingdom ____ are able to live inside the human body.
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Eubacteria
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