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182 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
  • 3rd side (hint)

Premium

The money a policy owner pays to an insurer for the protection that is provided by an insurance policy

Evidence of Insurability (E of I)

Any statement or proof of an insured's physical condition and/or other factual information affecting his acceptance for insurance


(E.g. application; physical exam; blood; urine; saliva)

Applicant

Person who applies for a policy on own life or on life of another

Policy owner (Policyholder)

Individual who exercises ownership rights (typically, but not exclusively, the applicant)

Insured

Subject of the policy; death triggers death benefit (consent & E of I required)

Beneficiary

Receives death benefit upon death or insured (consent not required)

Life Insurance Application

Most important evidence of insurability


3 sections: 1) general information; 2) health information; 3) agent's report/statement

Key Person Insurance

Life insurance purchased by a business on the life of a key employee whose death would have adverse effects on the company



Uses:


-recruit and train replacement;


-replace lost profits;


-assure potential creditors



(**note: not an actual type of insurance, just a business use of insurance)

Buy-Sell Insurance

Life insurance purchased to fund a Buy-Sell agreement (living partner required to buy deceased partner's estate in the business)



(**note: not an actual type of insurance, but a business use of insurance)

Split Dollar Life Insurance

A method of paying for an employee's insurance coverage in which the employer/employee 'split' the premium, cash values and death benefits for a life policy, usually a permanent type of life policy


-used to retain key employees


-guaranteed to receive contribution back


((**note: not a type of insurance but a business use of insurance))

Measure of Liability

The amount the insurer is obligated to pay upon the insured's death



Formula: face amount - outstanding policy loans - loan interest = Measure of Liability

Also known as 'Limit of Liability' or 'Net Death Benefit'

Insurable Interest Regarding Life Insurance

Required (only) at the time of application for Life Insurance App.; updates not needed

Rule pertaining to life insurance

Human Life Value Approach

Amount of life insurance is estimated based on contribution to household (I.e. income, projected pay raises, household services, employment benefits)

Needs Approach

Based on needs that will no longer be met or occur due to loss (I.e. funeral expenses, legal fees/taxes, business buyout, probate fees, medical expenses, emergency funds, mortgage/rent, credit cards/loans, education costs)

Mortality

The death rate in a given population

Mortality Table

Helps predict most accurate premium rates based on historical experience and future projections; deaths by age and sex.

"Life Insurance Creates an Immediate Estate"

All assets pass to heirs when you pass; however, many people have a negative estate (debt). Life insurance creates an "Immediate Estate" because it brings immediate value to your passing based on the policy taken.

Intestate

When a person dies w/o having created a will to direct the disposition of his assets (estate)

Avoidance

Not performing an activity that could carry risk (e.g. Not flying in a plane)

1 of 4 Risk Management Methods

Reduction

Methods that reduce that severity of loss or likelihood of loss from occurring (e.g. installing sprinklers)

1 of 4 Risk Management Methods

Retention

Assuming all or part of a risk (I.e. self-insure). Visit strategy for small roaks where the cost of insuring would be greater than the total losses sustained

1 of 4 Risk Management Methods

Transfer

Purchasing insurance policy so that financial impact of loss is transferred to insurance company

1 of 4 Risk Management Methods

Term Life Insurance

Life insurance that covers a limited term; may or may not be renewable. No cash value. Helpful for small premium and large benefit.

Most basic kind of life insurance

Face Amount

Amount if insurance provided by a life policy.

Death Benefit

Renewable Term Policy

Type of term life policy that gives the policyowner the option to renew the policy at the end of its term for another term without E of I

Increasing Term Policy

Face amount increases systematically but premiums stay level

Works well for young, growing families

Decreasing Term Policy

Face amount decreases systematically; premiums decrease with face amount

Associated with mortgage insurance

Whole Life Insurance

Covers the entire life-span of an individual without need for renewal or varying premiums; charges more in youth to cover would-be fluctuations in late ages



Face amount, cash value, and level premium are guaranteed



**AKA: permanent life and ordinary life

Cash Value = Face Amount @ age 100


Policy Loan

An advance of money available to the policyowner from a policy's cash value; interest will be charged. Policyowner does not have to be approved for loan and there's no fixed time for repayment. Anything owned will be deducted from Measure of Liability. Will not allow full cash value for loan

Term Conversion Provision

Provision in most term policies that allows owner to cover to a permanent plan of insurance without evidence of insurability (E of I)


Premium will be based on age at time of conversion

Modified Whole Life Policy

Premiums increase somewhere between year 3-5

Graded Premium Whole Life

Premiums increase annually for 5-10 years


Premium remains level agree a series of increases

Continuous Premium Whole Life Policy

Premiums payable through agree 100

Limited Whole Life Policy

Premiums payable for survivors number of years or until a specified age

Joint Life (First-to-Die) Policy

Pays out at first death; can also provide income for surviving spouse



Benefit: less expensive than two separate policies

Survivorship Life (Second- or Last-to-Die) Policy

Pays out at second death; typically for those with a large estate to cover estate taxes; still less expensive than two separate policies

Endowments

Work like continuous premium whole life policies, except that maturity age is less than 100; can provide death benefit or be used for retirement funds

Not as popular anymore due to changes in tax laws

Universal Life Policy

Like a functional savings account; charged a premium expense (a % which is only paid when premium is paid) for the account and a monthly fee (roughly $5, always paid) and the rest of premium goes towards account value which collects interest (either based on current interest rates or a guaranteed rate)


Additionally, there's a "cost of mortality (insurance)" which is essentially the fluctuation of premium charges


*unique: can make withdrawals from account with no need to repay, just deducted from death benefit

Fixed Product

Product in which premiums are invested and backed by the insurer's General Account

General Account

Investment account used for insurer's 'fixed' products; very conservative and highly regulated

Separate Accounts

Contains various 'mutual fund-like' accounts called sub-accounts used to provide investment choices for insurer's variable products

Equity Index

Essentially an imaginary portfolio of stocks (equities) that represents the general price movement of the stocks that make up the portfolio; typically indicates the health of the stock market

Equity Indexed UL

Like an UL or VUL except the interest/backing is based on the Equity Index

Riders (Endorsements)

Addition to life policy that provides some additional feature or coverage (requires additional premium)

Waiver of Premium

Waives policy premium if injured/disabled; eliminate short-term disability coverage; available on term and whole life

Waiver of Monthly Deduction

Waives monthly deduction of insured is disabled for UL

UL WP

Term Riders

A term insurrant added to a base Rider (spouse, children [CTR], etc)

Payor Coverage

Available on juvenile policies; waives premiums for payor if payor dies or is disabled; premiums waived untim insured is 21

Disability Income Rider

Pays monthly benefit while insured is disabled

Accidental Death (AD)

Pays additional death benefit if death is the result of an accident; death must occur w/in a certain time frame after accident and not a result from a hobby

Accidental Death & Dismemberment

Covers AD and Dismemberment; schedule lists amounts paid; benefits paid usually in a lump sum

Principal Sum

100% of AD&D coverage amount (whole amount paid out)

Capital Sum

Less than 100% of AD&D coverage amount

Cost of Living Rider (COLA)

Automatically increases face amount with increases in Consumer Price Index (CPI) without requiring E of I

Guaranteed Insurability Rider

Asked additional insurance to be purchased without E of I at specified ages of insured and after 'qualifying events'

Living Benefits

Any method which allows policy owner to benefit from policy while insured is still living

E.g. policy loans, withdrawals, long term care benefits

Accelerated Death Benefit

Pays out up to 70% when insured becomes terminally ill/critically ill; death benefit is reduced as a result

Long Term Care Rider

Conceptually similar to the ADB; pays a % of face amount for insured's LTC expenses

Return of Premium (RoP) Rider

Rider on a term Policy returns part or all of the premiums paid in if insured is still living at the end of the policy's term; ineffective if you don't pay your premiums

No Lapse Guarantee Rider

Rider available on a UL policy that guaranteed policy will remain in force for a guaranteed period even if cash value drops to zero

Family Life Policy

Combines Whole Life with Term Riders to cover ALL family members in a single packaged policy

Family Maintenance Policy

Combines Whole Life with Level Term Rider to cover breadwinner; provides monthly income; whole life policy pays death benefit after monthly income terminates

Family Income Policy

Combines Whole Life with Decreasing Term to cover breadwinner; pays out monthly income for specified amount of time; whole life policy pays death benefit after monthly income terminates

Family Term Rider

Combines level term coverage in spouse and children into single rider

Indexed Life Policy

Whole life; face amount increases with CPI; decreases don't affect policy

Jumping Juvenile

While live policy issued on a juvenile (age 16 or under); face amount jumps 5x at age 21

Deposit Term

Packaged policy made up of single premium endowment and a 10 year level renewable term Rider

Industrial Life Policy

While life with face amount under $1k; premiums collected weekly by home service agents; often non-medical insurance

Beneficiaries

Recipient (s) of death benefits. Can be an individual or a group; 3 classes: 1) primary; 2) contingent (successor); 3) tertiary (final)

Settlement Options

How beneficiaries will receive death benefit

Interest Only

Policy proceeds kept in an account with insurer and periodic interest payments (monthly, quarterly, semi-annually, annually) made to beneficiary

Fixed Amount

Fixed amounts oasis to beneficiary at survived intervals until the principal and interest are depleted

Fixed Period

Installments area paid to the beneficiary over a fixed number of years. Amount of installments is based on amount of policy proceeds, interest, and length of the period chosen.

Lump Sum

Policy proceeds paid out in one lump sum; default if no other option chosen by insurer or beneficiary

Life Income

Insurer retains principal death benefit in exchange for a lifetime income paid to the beginning. Amount of income payments depends on several factors, including principal amount, age and sex of beneficiary and prevailing interest rates

IFFLL Tower

Acronym for settlement options:


Interest only


Fixed amount


Fixed period


Lump sum


Life income

Nonforfeiture Options

Legally required options for using the cash value of whole life policies


3: "REC"


Reduced paid-up


Extended term


Cash surrender

Reduced Paid-Up

Cash value used as a single premium payment to fully pay up policy with reduced face amount

A nonforfeiture option

Extended Term

Cash value of whole life value is used as a single premium to cut term insurance with the same death benefit as the whole life policy

Nonforfeiture option

Cash Surrender

Policy terminated and cash value paid to policyowner

Nonforfeiture option

Common Disaster Clause

Provision that states when it is impossible to determine who died first because of a common accident, the insured with be presumed to have survived the primary beneficiary; protects the contingent beneficiary

Survivorship Clause

Specifies an amount of time by which a beneficiary must outbid the insured in order to recurve lunch proceeds (death benefit)

Spendthrift

Someone who adorbs money recklessly or wastefully

Spendthrift Clause

Provision that protects the policy proceeds from creditors of the beneficiary

Grace Period (Life)

Contractual provision that continues coverage under life policy up to 60 days after due date when premium is NOT paid

Automatic Premium Loan (APL)

"Any premium not paid by the end of its grace period will be paid by charging it as a policy loan if you requested it in writing and the maximum loan value is sufficient to cover the premium"

Reinstatement Provision

Spells out the requirements that must be satisfied for insurer to consider reinstating a lapsed policy


Allowed within 5 years of Lapse


Overdue premiums + interest


Outstanding loan paid or reinstated


E of I acceptance to insurer

Entire Contract Provision

Statee that a copy of the application must be made last of the policy for it to be valid

Incontestability Clause

Waives the issuance company's rights to dispute the validity of the contract after it has been in force for 2 years; protects the beneficiary

Suicide Clause

Limits insurance company's liability to a refund of a premium if the insured commits suicide within 2 years of the policy's effective date; protects the beneficiary

Facility of Payments Provision

Provision that says if no beneficiaries are living when the insured dies, then the death benefit will be issued to the owner is owner's estate if not living

Misstatement of Age/Sex

Provision that says if the insured's age or sex is different from what was on the application, an adjustment will be made to the coverage based on the correct age or sex

Absolute Assignment

Transfer of all ownership rights; permanent in nature

Collateral Assignment

Partial transfer of ownership rights; temporary in nature; most often used with bank loans (life policy used as collateral)

Assignment Provision

"You may assign this policy or any interest in it. We will recognize an assignment only if it is in writing and filed with us."

Viatical Settlement

Contractual agreement that provides a terminally ill person immediate cash in exchange for his ownership rights in a life policy

Insuring Clause

Basic promise to pay policy proceeds upon insured's death

Facility of Payments Provision

Explains who will receive the policy's death benefit if no beneficiary has been chosen by the owner or there are no beneficiaries at the time of the insured's death

Life Settlement

Contact in which policyowner assigns ownership to provider in exchange for an amount that is less than policy's death benefit, but more than it's cash surrender value

Life Settlement Brokers

A person who acts on behalf of an owner of a life policy to negotiate a life settlement contract between the owner and a life settlement provider; represents the owner, not the provier; only needs 1 yr life agent experience or if less than you need 15 hrs of education

Fair Credit Reporting Act

Designed to promote accuracy and ensure privacy of the information used in consumer reports

Attending Physician's Statement

Statement/medical records isof the doctor who treated the applicant for a particular illness or disease; applicant must sign consent form to authorize release

Medical Information Bureau (MIB)

Database where member insured report adverse medical conditions to share with other member insurer's; cannot be used along to decline application

HIV/AIDS Testing

Marital status and suspected sexual orientation cannot be used; amt/age can be used; HIV consent form meaning of test results; notification procedures; who may receive results

Risk Classification

3 types: preferred, standard, substandard

Preferred Risk

Lower risk; lower premium

Standard

Average risk; average premium

Substandard

Higher risk; higher premium

Non- Medical Application

Life insurance application in which the proposed insured night not be required to undergo a medical exam; insurer always reserves the right to require a medical exam if it feels one is necessary

Mode

Frequency of premium payments; the higher the frequency, the higher the premium; annually, semi-annually, quarterly, monthly

Policy Dividend

Non-guaranteed return of premium paid to a policyowner out of an insurance company's surplus

Earned Surplus

Earnings not paid out as dividends, but reinvested in the business, also called retained earnings

Life Policy Illustration

A presentation or depiction that includes both guaranteed and nonguaranteed elements of a life policy over a period of years into the future

Guaranteed Values

The premiums, benefits, values, credits or charges that are guaranteed at issue

Non-Guaranteed Values

The premiums, benefits, values, credits or charges that are NOT guaranteed or not determined at issue

Summary Status Report

Must be sent annually by insurer to policyowners of policy types for which the insurer has designated that illustrations will be used for marketing purposes

Preprinted

Illustrations are those prepared using some sort of illustration software

Non-Preprinted

Illustrations are those prepared manually by agent

Supplemental Illustration

An illustration furnished in addition to a basic illustration, but may only depict a scale of non-guaranteed elements that is permitted in a basic illustration

Binding Receipt

Provides immediate coverage for started period; coverage applies even if underwriter devices the application

Conditional Receipt

Provides coverage from date of app only is application is ultimately approved by the underwriter

Binder

Written agreement issued by F&C insurer providing temporary coverage (90 days or less) while an application is being underwritten

Nonforfeiture Options

Legally required options for using the cash value of whole life policies;


3 types: reduced paid-up, extended term, cash surrender

Reduced Paid-Up

Cash value used as a single premium payment to fully pay up policy with a reduced face amount

Extended Term

Cash value used as a single premium to buy term insurance with the same death benefit as the whole life policy

Cash Surrender

Policy terminated and cash value paid to policyowner

Common Disaster Clause

Provision that states when it is impossible to determine who died first because of a common accident, the insured will be presumed to have survived the primary beneficiary

Protects the contingent beneficiary

Survivorship Clause

Provision that specifies an amount of time by which a beneficiary must outlive the insured in order to receive death policy proceeds (death benefit)

Spendthrift

A person who spend money recklessly or wastefully

Spendthrift Clause

Provision that protects the policy proceeds from creditors of the beneficiary

Grace Period (Life)

Contacted provision that continues coverage under life policy up to 60 days after premium due date when premium is NOT paid

Automatic Premium Loan (APL)

Advanced permission to make a policy loan to pay the premium so the policy does not lapse;


"Any premium not paid by the end of its grace period will be paid by charging it as a policy loan is you requested it in writing and the maximum loan value is sufficient to cover the premium"

Reinstatement Provision

Spells out the requirements that must be satisfied for insurer to consider reinstating a lapsed policy;


-w/in 5 years of Lapse


-overdue premiums + interest must be paid


-outstanding loan paid or reinstated


-E of I excepted to insurer

Entire Contract Provision

Says that s copy of the application must be made part of the policy for it to be valid

Incontestability Clause

Waives the insurance company's rights to dispute the validity of the contract after it has been in force for 2 years

Suicide Clause

Limits insurance company's liability to a refund of premium if the insured commits suicide within 2 years of the policy's effective date

Facility of Payments Provision

Provision that says if no beneficiaries are moving when the invested dies, then the death benefit will be paid to the owner or owner's estate if not living

Misstatement of Age or Sex

Provision that says if the insured's age or sex is different from what was on the application, an adjustment will be made to the coverage based on the correct and or sex

Absolute Assignment

-Transfer of all ownership rights


-permanent in nature

Collateral Assignment

-Partial transfer of ownership rights


-Temporary in nature


-Life policy can be used as collateral for a loan; most often used for bank loans

Assignment Provision

"Though may assign this policy or any interest in it. We will recognize an assignment only if it is in editing and filed with us."

Viatical Settlement

Contractual agreement that provides a terminally ill person immediate cash in exchange for his ownership rights in a policy

Life Settlement

Contract in which policyowner assigns ownership to provider in exchange for an amount that is less than policy's death benefit, but more than its cash surrender value

Life Settlement Brokers

A person who acts on behalf of an owner of a life policy to negotiate a life settlement contract between the owner and a life settlement provider


-represents owner, not provider


-opposed fiduciary duty to owner


-paid a fee, commission or other valuable consideration by owner

Stranger-Originated Life Insurance (StOLI)

Involved transfer to 3rd party in exchange for money ($) whereby the individual sender as induced to by a new policy in order to sell it to 3rd party

Underwriting Tools

Consumer Reports


Attending Physician's Statements (APS)


MIN Reports

Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)

Designed to promote accuracy and ensure privacy of the information used in consumer reports

Consumer Reports

Can be used by underwriters to learn about the person applying for insurance

Attending Physician's Statements (APS)

Statement/medical records of the doctor who treated the applicant for a particular illness or disease


Applicant MUST sign consent form to authorize release

Medical Information Bureau (MIB)

Database where member insurers report adverse medical conditions to share with other member insurers

Risk Classification

3 classes:


Preferred-lower risk/premium


Standard-average risk/premium


Sub-standard-higher risk/premium

Non-Medical Application

Life insurance application in which the proposed insured might not be required to undergo a medical exam.


*the insurer always reserves the right to require a medical exam if it feels one is necessary

Life Premium Components

Premiums = Mortality - Investment Income + Expenses + Reinsurance

P = M-I+E+R (P=MIXR)

Payment Modes

Frequency of premium payments (the higher the frequency, the higher the premium);


Anually, semi-annually, quarterly, monthly

Policy Dividends

Non-guaranteed return if premium paid to a policyowner out of an insurance company's surplus


*penalties for guaranteeing dividends: misdemeanor offense w/ up to 1 year in jail

One Year Term

Dividend used to purchase 1 year term Policy

A dividend option

Cash Option

Dividend paid out in cash to policyowner

Dividend option

Reduced Premium

Dividend applied to current premium in order to reduce it

Accumulate at Interest

Dividend retained by insurer in a special account that earns interest (like a savings account)

Dividend option

Paid-Up Additions

Dividend used as single premium to purchase paid-up whole life insurance

Dividend option

Par v. Non-Par

Par = Participating; eligible for dividends


Non-Par = Non-Participating; not eligible for dividends

Earned Surplus

Earnings not paid it as dividend, but reinvested in the business.

AKA: retained earnings

Life Policy Illustration

A presentation or depiction that includes both guaranteed and nonguaranteed elements if a life policy over a period of years into the future.


Rules:


-ensure illustrations do not mislead consumer


-ensure illustrations are understandable by prescribing standard formats to be followed


-ensure certain required disclosures are specified


Binding Receipts

Initial premium must be paid; offices immediate coverage for stated period, which applies even if underwriter declines the application

Conditional Receipts

Initial premium must be paid; provides coverage from date of app only if application is ultimately approved by the underwriter

Binders

When agreement issued by F&C insurer providing temporary coverage (90 days or less) while an application is being underwritten;


NOT used in Life and Disability insurance

Frequency

Number of times losses occur over a specified amount of time

"How Many?"

Severity

Dollar amount of loss

"How much?"

Exposure Unit

Fixed unit of insurance coverage (usually $100 or $1000) used for pricing

Rate

Price of insurance for each exposure unit

Premium

= # of exposure units x rate

Renewal

Continuation of a policy beyond its original term

Nonrenewal

Not renewing a policy for another term once it reaches the end of its term

Cancellation

Termination of a policy during its term; can be instituted by insured or insurer

Earned Premium

Portion of premium that represents coverage already provided and that belongs to insurer

Unearned Premium

Portion if premium that represents the unexpired part of the policy period; must be refunded w/in 25 days after insurer receives notice of cancellation

Pro-Rata

100% of the unearned premium

Short Rate

Less than 100% of unearned premium; penalizes policyowner for early termination

Lapse

Termination of a policy due to nonpayment of premium

Effective Data Disclosure

At time of app, agent must provide insured/apparent with:


-effective date of coverage (if known)


-circumstances under which coverage with be effective

Pre-Selection

Agent only collects information requested on the application; must not withhold any pertinent information from underwriter

Post-Selection

Underwriter uses information on application; may use urged underwriting tools (MIB, Mexican exams, APS, questionnaires, insurrection reports, etc.) To evaluate and classify risk