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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How is leukemia classified/
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course of disease & cell inlvoved
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What is the course of most adult leukemia? (acute or chronic)
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chronic
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Bone marrow produces young, undifferentieated cells; often called , blasts in chronic or acute leukemia
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acute leukemia
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Bone marrow produces differentiated mature WBC but non-functioning , in acute or chronic leukemia?
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chronic
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Etiology of leukemia can be exposure to chemicals such as [..] or , chemotherapy
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benzene
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Etiology of leukemia can be exposure to chemicals such as benzene or , [..]
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chemotherapy
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Majority of leukemia in adults (89%) is what type?
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actue nonlymphblastic leukemia (ANLL)
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Actue nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) is also called?
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actue myelogenous
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Age of peak incidence of ANLL (acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia) is?
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60-70
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Age of peak onset of chronic myelogenous leukemia?
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45
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leukemia w/clinical manisfestions: mouth sores & minimal , lymphadenopathy
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ANLL (actue nonlymphoblastic leukemia) / actue myelogenous
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leukemia w/clinical manifestations of: massive spenomegaly, , incrased sweating, bone pain
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chronic myelogenous leukemia
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Leukemia which will have the presensce of philadelphia chromosome?
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chronic myelogenous leukemia
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What is a complication seen with chronic myelogenous , leukmia?
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Blast Crisis
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What is blast crisis, which may be seen in chronic myelogenous , leukemia?
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change from chronic to acute condition
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What treatment is recommended during a blast crisis
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pt is refractory (unresponsive) to treatment
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This leukema has no early symptoms & usually detected in , examination , for unrelated conditions?
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chronic lymphocytic leukemia
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this leukemia has an age of onset between 50-70 and a predominance , in men?
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chronic lympocytic leukemia
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intial goal of treatment for leukemia?
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remission
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no evidence of disease (NED) on exam & bone maorrow & peripheral , blood appear normal is what type remission?
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complete remission
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remission characterized by no overt clinical disease & normal , peripheral blood smear but evidence of disease is in the bone marrow?
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partial remission
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What's the goal of chemo given to a BMT pt?
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destroy bone marrow including stem cells
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what type of pt would recieve chemo with the purpose of destroying , their bone marrow including stem cells?
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BMT (bone marrow transplant)
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How is a bone marrow transplant infused?
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like blood through a central line
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What are the 3 types of bone marrow transplants?
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allogenic, autologus & syngenic
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This type of bone marrow transplant is usually from a sybling and is , HLA (human leukocyte antigen) matched to make sure it , histocomaptible?
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allogenic
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This type of bone marrow transplant is from one's own marrow , harvested during remission
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autologous
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This type of bone marrow transplant is from an indential twin?
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syngeneic
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About how long does it take before transplanted bone marrow starts , to produce cells?
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2-4 weeks
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What may be given during the first few weeks after marrow transplant , while waiting for the marrow to being producing cells?
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growth factors
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What is the stage called after tarnsplant but before the bone marrow , begins to produce cells?
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engraphment
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A pt will start to feel better shortly after a bone marrow transplant , <T/F>
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false, still at risk of dying during entrampment phase, (waiting for , marrow to being producing cells)
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How is doner blood for peripheral stem cell trasplantation , collected?
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pheresis
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What component of the blood is taken from the doner for , peripheral stem cell transplant (the rest of the blood is , returned to the doner)?
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stem cells
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Which pt recoves quicker, bone marrow or peripherial stem cell , transplant?
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periherial stem cell transplant (PSCT)
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What is a potential added bonus of recieving a peripheral stem cell , transplant
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donated stem cells may attack remaing cancer cells
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What is the only type of transplant that graft vs host disease (GVHD) , can occur?
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allogenic
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This condition can occur when a immunoincompetent pt is infused with , immunocometent cells
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GVHD (graft vs host disease)
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this reaction can occur when an infsuion of any blood product is given , & cotnains viable lymphocytes?
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GVHD (graft vs host disease)
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Which cell initiates an immun respone to the tissues of the recipient, , cause GVHD?
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T lymphocyte
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What symptom may be seen with the skin in GVHD?
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puritic rash (maybe painful)
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What happens to liver enzymes with GVHD?
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elevated
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What can be done to the blood to prevent GVHD?
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remove donor T-cells
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What can meds can be given to pt during engraphment period to , prevent GVHD (3 meds)
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prednisone &/or cyclosprine & methotrexate
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Pt may be on this med for up to a year following marrow transplant to , avoid GVHD?
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cyclosporine
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When might you be looking for GVHD to occur, post-transplant
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7-30 days
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Why would you radiate cells prior to transpant (for prevention of , GVHD)?
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prevent t-cell replication
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Each time there is a relapse the succeeding [..] may be more , difficult to , achieve & shorter in duration?
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remission
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4 phases/stages of chemotherapy
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induction, intensification, consolidation, maintenance
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during this phase of chemotherapy the goal is to induce a remission?
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induction
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During this phase of chemotherapy high dose drugs are given for , several months
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intensification
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When is the intensification phase of chemotherapy begun?
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immediatley after induction therapy
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Goal during this phase of chemotherapy is to eleiminate remaining , leukemic cells?
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consolidation
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During this phase of chemotherpay drugs are given every 3-4 weeks , and may last for years
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maintenace
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The goal of this phase of chemotherapy is to maintain remission?
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maintenance
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This leukemia can have high or low WBC with myeloblasts?
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ANLL (actue non-lympoblastic leukemia) / acute myelogenous
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