Lesson 4

Front 1

Connective tissue

Back 1

The most abundant tissue in the body,its supportive, protective & binding. Highly vascular, few cells (embedded in), lots of extracellular matrix, not on body surfaces

Front 2

Blast cells

Back 2

Young connective tissue cells. Loose/Dense-fibroBLASTS Cartilage-chondroBLASTS Bone-osteoBLASTS.Makes & secretes matrix

Front 3

Connective tissue matrix

Back 3

Matrix is secreted by cells of the tissue and determines the characteristics and function of the tissue eg solid, semi-solid, liquid.Matrix has two components-protein fibres & ground substance

Front 4

Connective tissue matrix-Protein fibres

Back 4

Strengthens and supports the tissue

Front 5

Connective tissue matrix-Ground substance

Back 5

Fills the space between the cells and the fibres and is semi-solid, solid, gelantinous or fluid, depending on the type of connective tissue

Front 6

Three types of fibres within connective tissue matrix

Back 6

Collagen, Elastic, Reticular

Front 7

Collagen fibres

Back 7

Very strong but flexible. Found in most connective tisuue, especially bone, cartilage, tendons and ligaments

Front 8

Elastic fibres

Back 8

Also strong but elastic, meaning they can be stretched without breaking and will return to their original length

Front 9

Reticular fibres

Back 9

Very thin collagen fibres, that form networks to support tissue structure, eg reticular fibres form the framework of soft organs.

Front 10

Five major groups of mature connective tissue

Back 10

Loose connective tissue, Dense connective tissue, Cartilage, Bone and Liquid connective tissue

Front 11

Loose connective tissue

Back 11

Is further divided into -Areolar connective tissue-Adipose connective tissue-Reticular connective tissue

Front 12

Dense connective tissue

Back 12

Is further divided into-Dense regular connective tissue-Dense irregular connective tissue-Elastic connective tissue

Front 13

Cartilage

Back 13

Is further divided into-Hyaline cartilage, Fibro cartilage, Elastic cartilage

Front 14

Liquid connective tissue

Back 14

Is further divided into-Blood and Lymph

Front 15

Loose connective tissue

Back 15

Is a semi-solid connective tissue, & is softer & has more cells & fewer fibres than any other connective tissue type. It is the packing material of the body. The fibres are loosely woven between the cells

Front 16

Areolar connective tissue

Back 16

Is a soft, pliable tissue that cushions and protects the tissues and organs it surrounds. Very widely distributed, it functions as a universal packing tissue and connective tissue glue

Front 17

Adipose tissue

Back 17

In this tissue adipocytes(fat) predominate. It functions to protect, support, and insulate the body. It also stores excess energy

Front 18

Reticular connective tissue

Back 18

A delicate network of interwoven reticular fibres associated with reticular cells. It forms the internal supporting framework in lymphoid organs such as the spleen, lymph nodes and the marrow

Front 19

Dense connective tissue

Back 19

Also a semi-solid connective tissue. However its thicker, denser, contains more fibres, & fewer cells than loose connective tissue. It consists of collagen fibres between rows of fibroblasts.It creates strong, rope like structures like ligaments, tendons, fasciae & aponeuroses

Front 20

Three types of dense regular connective tissue

Back 20

Dense regular connective tissue, Dense irregular connecive tissue, Elastic connective tissue

Front 21

Dense regular connective tissue

Back 21

Has all of its collagen fibres aligned in one general direction & is therefore extremely strong in that direction. Forms tendons and ligaments

Front 22

Dense irregular connective tissue

Back 22

Has its collagen fibres arranged in different directions therefore not as strong in one direction, but can withstand forces from different angles. Forms heart valves, the dermis, & membrane capsules around organs

Front 23

Elastic connective tissue

Back 23

Contains predominately elastic fibres, which allow it to stretch and be flexible. Found in the lung & elastic arteries

Front 24

Cartilage

Back 24

A semi-solid connective tissue, that consists of a dense framework of collagen & elastic fibres embedded in a rubbery gel-like ground substance. Stronger than loose or dense connective tissue

Front 25

Three types of cartilage

Back 25

Hyaline cartilage, Fibrocartilage, Elastic cartilage

Front 26

Hyaline cartilage

Back 26

The weakest, but most abundant cartilage in the body. Provides flexibility & support, & at joints reduces friction & absorbs shock. Found in the nose, anterior ends of the ribs, ends of the long bones

Front 27

Fibrocartilage

Back 27

Is the strongest of the cartilage types, found in the intervertebral discs, it gives strong support & helps fuse bones together

Front 28

Elastic cartilage

Back 28

Provides strength and flexibility and maintains the shape of certain structures such as the external ear

Front 29

BONE

Back 29

Bone or osseous tissue is a solid connective tissue. functions to suport and protect other body organs. It consists of bone(osteocytes) surrounded by a very hard, calcified matrix

Front 30

Liquid Connective Tissue

Back 30

Consists of cells within a fluid matrix. There are two types-Blood and Lymph

Front 31

Blood

Back 31

Consists of blood cells(red & white blood cells & platelets) suspended in a fluid matrix called blood plasma

Front 32

Lymph

Back 32

Consists of lymphocytes & granulocytes suspended in a clear liquid called lymph

Front 33

Muscle tissue

Back 33

Specialised to contract or shorten. Helps permit movement. There are three types Skeletal, Cardiac and Smooth

Front 34

Nervous tissue

Back 34

Composed of cells called neurons, highly specialised to receive and transmit nerve impulses