Leslie - Gross Anatomy - Abdominal Wall

Front 1

What nerves serve the abdominal wall?

Back 1

The dorsal and ventral branches of thoracic and lumbar nerves serve the abdominal wall.

Front 2

Which of the dorsal or ventral branches of the thoracic and lumbar nerves will be mostly sensory and which mostly motor?

Back 2

The dorsal branches will be mostly sensory, the ventral mostly motor (though both have each type of innervation).

Front 3

Identify nerves T13, L1, L2, L3, L4 by their Christian names.

Back 3

T13 - costoabdominal n.
L1 - cranial iliohypogastric n.
L2 - caudal iliohypogastric n.
L3 - ilioinguinal n.
L4 - lateral cutaneous femoral n.

Front 4

What are intercostal nerves branches of?

Back 4

They are ventral branches of a thoracic spinal n.

Front 5

What artery courses with the cranial iliohypogastric n.? What is another name for the cranial iliohypogastric n?

Back 5

The cranial iliohypogastric n. courses with the cranial abdominal artery.

It's also known as L1.

Front 6

What artery courses with the caudal iliohypogastric n.? What is another name for the caudal iliohypogastric n?

Back 6

The caudal iliohypogastric n. courses with the deep circumflex artery.

It's also known as L2.

Front 7

Which branch of T13 becomes the costoabdominal n?

Back 7

The ventral branch does.

Front 8

What is the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve cutaneous to?

What else is this nerve known as?

Back 8

It is cutaneous to the lateral and cranial surfaces of the thigh and the lateral surfaces of the hip and stifle.

Maybe by the time I graduate I'll know what a freakin' stifle is.

The lateral cutaneous nerve is also known as L4.

Front 9

What are the four muscles of the abdominal wall?

Back 9

External abdominal oblique m.
Internal abdominal oblique m.
Transversus abdominis m.
Rectus abdominis m.

Front 10

What is the origin and insertion of the external abdominal oblique m.?

Back 10

O: Lateral surfaces of ribs 4/12 and the thoracolumbar fascia.

I: Wide aponeurosis on the linea alba and on the pecten ossis pubis.

Front 11

What are the two tendons of the external abdominal oblique m.?

Back 11

Abdominal and pelvic tendons. They are separated by the superficial inguinal ring.

Front 12

In what direction do the fibers of the external abdominal oblique run?

Back 12

Caudoventrally.

Front 13

What are the action and innervation of the external abdominal oblique m.?

Back 13

Action: Compression of the abdominal viscera, aids in expiration, urinationm, defecation, parturition, bilateral flexion of the vertebral column, unilateral bending of the vertebral column.

Innervation: the last 8 or 9 intercostal nn., ventral branches of T13, L1, L2, and L3 spinal nn.

Front 14

What is the origin and insertion of the internal abdominal oblique m.?

Back 14

O: Tuber coxae, thoracolumbar fascia and inguinal ligament.

I: Costal arch, rectus abdominis, linea alba, and prepubic tendon by a wide aponeurosis.

Front 15

What is the action and innervation of the internal abdominal oblique m.?

Back 15

Action: compression and support of the viscera

Innervation: the medial branches of the last few intercostal nn., and the ventral branches of T13, L1, L2, and L3 spinal nn.

Front 16

Which way do the fibers of the internal abdominal oblique m. run?

Back 16

Cranioventrally.

Front 17

What is the origin and insertion of the transversus abdominis m.?

Back 17

O: the medial surfaces of the last 4-5 ribs and from the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae via the thoracolumbar fascia.

I: the linea alba

Front 18

What is the action and innervation of the transversus abdominis m.?

Back 18

Action: the compression and support of the abdominal viscera.

Innervation: the medial branches of the last few intercostal nn., ventral branches of T13, L1, L2, L3 spinal nn.

Front 19

In which direction do the fibers of transversus abdominis m. run?

Back 19

Transversally and dorsoventrally.

Front 20

What is the deepest abdominal muscle?

Back 20

The transversus abdominis m.

Front 21

Where does the rectus abdominis m. course between?

Back 21

Between the first costal cartilage and sternum and the pecten ossis pubis, by way of the prepubic tendon.

Front 22

What is the action and innervation of the rectus abdominis m.?

Back 22

Action: the compression and support of the abdominal viscera; bring the pelvis forward and flexion of the back.

Innervation: the medial branches of intercostal nerves and the medial branches of the ventral branches of T13, L1, L2, and L3 spinal nerves.

Front 23

In which direction do the fibers of rectus abdomis m. run?

Back 23

Longitudinally.

Front 24

What is the relation of the rectus sheath to rectus abdominis m.?

Back 24

The rectus sheath allows rectus abdominis to slide inside the others.

Front 25

What aponeuroses form the rectus sheath?

Back 25

The aponeuroses of the external abdominal oblque m., the internal abdominal oblique m., and the transversus abdominis m.

Front 26

What are the three different regions of the rectus sheath? What are their signifigance to the anatomy of the rectus sheath?

Back 26

The three regions are:
1. cranial to umbilicus
2. caudal to umbilicus
3. cranial to pubis

Their anatomical signifigance is that the layers of the sheath vary depending on location.

Front 27

What are the layers of the rectus sheath cranial to the umbilicus?

Back 27

The external layer is made of the aponeuroses of the external abdominal oblique and Internal abdominal oblique

Then is the Rectus abdominis m.

And the internal layer is made of the aponeuroses of the internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis.

Front 28

What are the layers of the rectus sheath caudal to the umbilicus?

Back 28

The external layer is comprised of the aponeuroses of the external abdominal oblique and the internal abdominal oblique.

Then is the Rectus abdominis m.

The internal layer is comprised of the aponeurosis of transversus abdominis.

Front 29

What are the layers of the rectus sheath cranial to the pubis?

Back 29

The external layer is comprised of the aponeuroses of the external abdominal oblique, the internal abdominal oblique, and the transversus abdominis.

Then is the Rectus abdominis m.

Front 30

What are the four main blood supplies to the abdominal wall?

Back 30

Cranial epigastric a., caudal epigastric a., cranial abdominal a., and deep circumflex iliac a.

Front 31

Where does the cranial epigastric a. branch from?

Back 31

From the internal thoracic a.

Front 32

From where does the caudal epigastric a. branch?

Back 32

From the pudendoepigastric trunk.

Front 33

From where does the cranial abdominal a. branch?

Back 33

From the phrenicoabdominal a. (or common trunk) off the aorta

Front 34

From where does the deep circumflax iliac a. branch?

Back 34

It branches from the aorta.

Front 35

Trace back the origins of the caudal superficial epigastric a..

Back 35

The caudal superficial epigastric a. comes from the
external pudendal a. which comes from the
caudal epigastric a. which comes from the
pudendoepigastric trunk that comes from the
deep femoral a. off of the
femoral a. from the
external iliac a. a branch of the
abdominal aorta.

EFDPCEC
Ex Feminists Deftly Pry Candy from Excitable Children.

Front 36

What provides the superficial blood supply to the ventral abdominal wall?

Back 36

The cranial superficial epigastric a. and caudal superficial epigastric a..

Front 37

What branches from the cranial epigastric a.?

Back 37

The cranial superficial epigastric a.?

Front 38

What supplies blood to the caudal abdominal mammae, the prepuce (in males), and small branches to the labia and scrotum?

Back 38

The caudal superficial epigastric a..

Front 39

What is 6 pointing to in this picture?

Back 39

The superficial inguinal lymph nodes?

Front 40

What else are superficial lymph nodes called?

Back 40

Mammary lnn. in the female and scrotal lnn. in the male. These are located just cranial to the pecten ossis pubis; along the dorsolateral border of the penis in the male

Front 41

Where do the superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain from?

Back 41

They drain from the ventral half of the abdominal wall.

Front 42

Where do the afferent vessels of the superficial inguinal lymph nodes come from?

Back 42

The skin and subcutis of the ventrolateral portion of the trunk, skin and subcutis of the pelvic limb.

In the female, they come from the vulva, clitoris, abdominal and inguinal mammary glands.

In the male, they come from the prepuce, scrotum and penis.

Front 43

Where do the efferent vessels of the superficial inguinal lymph nodes come from?

Back 43

They come from the popliteal lymph nodes.

They unite to form one of two trunks that pass through the inguinal canal with the external pudendal artery and vein.

Front 44

Where do the superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain into?

Back 44

They drain into the medial iliac lymph nodes.