Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
152 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
LEED AP Acronym |
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Accredited Professional |
|
|
Tiers of LEED Accreditation |
Accredited=people Certified=buildings LEED Green Associate LEED Accredited Professional (AP) with Specialty LEED Fellow |
|
|
LEED AP (BD+C) |
Building Design and Construction - (new construction and major renovations) |
|
|
LEED AP (ID+C) |
Interior Design and Construction - (tenant improvement and fit-out project knowledge) |
|
|
LEED AP (O+M) |
Operations and Maintenance - (This exam covers existing building project knowledge specific to operations and maintenance issues.) |
|
|
LEED AP Homes |
Professionals practicing in the residential market. |
|
|
LEED AP ND |
Neighborhood Development (this exam tests whole or partial neighborhood development project knowledge) |
|
|
LEED Fellow |
Signifies a demonstration of accomplishments, experience, and proficiency within the sustainable design and construction community. 10 years of experience and exceptional contributions, personal statement, four endorsers, be nominated |
|
|
CO2 emission of buildings |
38%, top of the list (above transportation and industry) |
|
|
IGCC |
International Green Construction Code - works in tandem with traditional building codes and gives the industry a basis of smart public policy Includes ASHRAE 189.1 as alternative compliance path. |
|
|
GSA percentages of savings for green buildings |
General Services Administration 26 percent energy use reduction 33 percent lower CO2 emissions 13 percent reduction in maintenance costs |
|
|
Triple Bottom Line |
Environmental, Economic, and Social |
|
|
Systems (with regard to "Systems Thinking") |
includes materials, resources, energy, people, and information as well as the complex interactions and flows between these elements across space and through time. Reminder that the different components with the built environment do not work in isolation. |
|
|
Negative Feedback Loop |
Thermostat - Mechanical system self-corrects and in turn stabilizes itself. |
|
|
Positive Feedback loops |
Perpetual and ongoing. Population growth, urban sprawl and climate change are examples (every stage stimulates the next. |
|
|
Prius Effect |
If users are given real-time information, they tend to react and respond to the feedback loop. Information is an important part!!! broken sensors in buildings can be a huge problem as another example. |
|
|
Leverage Points |
Places where a small intervention can yield large changes. Ex. - providing building occupants with real-time energy information Ex. - interface flooring shifting from just manufacturing and selling carpet to servicing the carpet. |
|
|
LCC vs. LCA |
Life Cycle Cost - purchase price, fuel, installation, operation, maintenance, disposal, finance charges, and replacement costs for each technology and strategy proposed. Life Cycle Assessment - A tool for the systematic evaluation of the environmental aspects of a product or service system through all stages of its life cycle. |
|
|
Hard Costs |
Defined. Materials, physical aspects, construction. Traditionally one of the only two costs detailed in the projects pro forma |
|
|
Soft Costs |
Professional services (Legal, Design), pre- and post construction expenses (such as insurance). Traditionally one of the only two costs detailed in the projects pro forma |
|
|
Percentage of time Americans spend indoors |
90% |
|
|
Three Stages of Integrative Process |
1. Discovery 2. Design and Construction 3. Occupancy, operations, and performance feedback |
|
|
Discovery stage of integrative process |
Expands on the traditional pre-design phase to ensure environmental goals are established early and cost effectively. ...but is repetitive and ongoing though most of the design phases. |
|
|
Five Foundation Principles for successful practice (Encouraged to Implement for the project team at Discovery Phase) |
1. Having the Right Process Matters 2. Get In Early - Can ensure the least expensive approach 3. Follow Through - Continued Commitment 4. Look Beyond First costs to Long-Term Savings 5. Include and Collaborate - Hollistic manner collaborating with community. |
|
|
Iterative Process (vs. traditional way of doing things) |
Instead of handing off work to next person after the task is complete...collaborate in small groups to develop the project design and plan collaboratively. Charrettes - group brainstorming and collaborative goal-setting...create feedback loops |
|
|
IPD |
Integrative Project Delivery (opposed to the traditional Design-Bid-Build approach) - Along with Design-Build projects instead of seeking the lowest bid, they seek the best low bid. |
|
|
Design and Construction phase of the integrative process |
1. Goal Setting 2. Observation of the site 3. Exploration and selection of technologies and strategies 4. Implementation |
|
|
Goal Setting Tips |
Clear and defined goals that have: metrics: things that can be measured and targets: levels of achievement that should be reached. |
|
|
USGBC Mission Statement |
To transform the way buildings and communities are designed, built and operated, enabling an environmentally and socially responsible, healthy, and prosperous environment that improves the quality of life. |
|
|
GBCI (acronym stands for...) |
Green Building Certification Institute |
|
|
USGBC, LEED, and GBCI were created in... |
USGBC - 1992 founding LEED - 2000 GBCI - created by USGBC in 2008 |
|
|
GBCI mission |
to be the premier organization independently recognizing excellence in green building performance and practice globally. |
|
|
TAG (and how the ratings are made) |
technical advisory groups. Six of these groups form the LEED Steering Committee that developed and helps evolve the main rating systems. 8 regional councils help with regional components of the rating systems |
|
|
USGBC and GBCI roles and connection (branches) |
USGBC>LEED Rating Systems>Educational programs and Reference Guides GBCI>Project Certification and Professional Accreditation They are connected through LEED online. |
|
|
How does GBCI administor the LEED Certification process |
through certification bodies that manage the review process and determine a building's compliance with LEED standards. These certification bodies answer and respond to CIRs, but GBCI handles the appeal process and is ultimately responsible for quality assurance. |
|
|
CIR |
Credit Interpretation rulings. For a fee, team members of registered projects can submit one of these for clarification about a credit or prerequisite within a LEED rating system. They are always for one credit or prerequisite. |
|
|
LEED Interpretation |
A higher fee which a project team can apply for so that a precedent is set and the results can be applied to all future LEED projects. |
|
|
Four types of logos |
1. Organization (USGBC, GBCI) 2. Program (LEED rating system, Greenbuild International Conference and Expo) 3. people (accreditation earned) 4. project (certification level earned). |
|
|
Use of LEED logo |
Must accompany a registration symbol the first time it is mentioned. If the logo is used it must have a statement of acknowledgement of ownership by USGBC: "LEED and related logo is a trademark owned by the US Green Building Council and is used by permission" |
|
|
Use of LEED in writing |
Can't be used to indicate any sort of endorsement. Product can't claim to earn points. Language has to indicate a holistic approach to earn points (and not just a product). You can say it "contributes toward satisfying credit x" or "complies with x requirements of credit x.." |
|
|
Use of LEED to talk about project once registered |
Improper to say it is LEED Silver registered...but ok to say it is registered under the LEED Green Building Rating System. No logo exists for registered projects. |
|
|
LEED certified language and capitalization |
LEED certified: a project that has been certified to any of the levels LEED Certified a project that has been certified to the base level |
|
|
Unacceptable ways to refer to USGBC |
U.S.G.B.C. U.S. GBC United States Green Building Council US Green Building Council GBC |
|
|
Seven Goals of LEED Building Certification |
1. To reverse contribution to global climate change 2. To enhance individual human health and well-being. 3. To protect and restore water resources 4. To protect, enhance, and restore biodiversity and ecosystem services. 5. To promote sustainable and regenerative material resources cycle. 6. To build a green economy. 7. To enhance social equity, environmental justice, community health, and quality of life. |
|
|
40/60 rule |
For picking which LEED rating system to use when there is mixed construction or space use. If the rating system does not apply to at least 40 percent of the gross floor area, it should not be used, and if it applies for more than 60 percent it should be used. The gray area between 40-60 is where it is up to the team. |
|
|
LEED (BD+C) LEED for New Construction (and Major Renovations) |
1. It applies to major renovation work, including HVAC or interior rehabilitations or significant envelope modifications. 2. It does not include K-12 schools, retail, data centers, warehouses and distribution centers, hospitality, or healthcare facilities. 3. The owner must occupy and complete more than 60 percent of the leasable square footage. 4. Residential buildings have to be more than nine stories (since less than that has their own rating category |
|
|
LEED (BD+C) LEED for Core & Shell |
Owner must occupy less than 40%. This is beause it was designed for speculative development market (where it is tenant infill). Unique to this is pre-certification (b/c of the marketing tool it requires/could be used). |
|
|
SubCategories of LEED (BD+C) |
1. New Construction and Major Renovation 2. Schools 3. Healthcare 4. Core and Shell 5. Retail: New Construction 6. Data Centers 7. Warehouses and Distribution Centers 8. Hospitality |
|
|
LEED for Homes types, what differentiates them and a unique aspect of the whole category |
1. Homes and Multifamily Lowrise: up to three stories 2. Multifamily Midrise: 4-8 stories (anything above is New Construction category) 3. requires a LEED for homes provider to kick off project and a green rater to perform inspections and verification during construction |
|
|
LEED ID+C (subcategory) |
LEED for Commercial Interiors LEED for Retail: Commercial Interiors LEED for Commercial Interiors: Hospitality Designed to work hand-in-hand with LEED for Core and Shell. Designed for tenants who do not occupy the entire building and therefore do not have control over the design of the building systems. |
|
|
LEED for Existing Buildings: O&M |
1. encourages buildings to evaluate their exterior site maintenance programs, purchasing policies for environmentally preferred services and products... 2. Only certification that can expire (therefore the only one that can be re-certified). Valid for five years. 3. Separate sub-category rating systems for: - Retail - Schools - Hospitality - Data Centers - Warehouses/Distribution Centers |
|
|
LEED ND (two subcategories), general requirement, and 5 categories |
LEED for Neighborhood Development: Plan and LEED for Neighborhood Development: Built Project 1. Focus on smart growth, new urbanism principles, and sustainable building. 2. At least 50 percent of the total building floor area should be newly constructed or consist of a major renovation. 3. - Smart Location and Linkage - Neighborhood Pattern and Design - Green Infrastructure and Buildings - Innovation - Regional Priority |
|
|
Every LEED Rating Systems (besides ND) have these 7 categories and two "bonus" categories |
1. Integrative Process (IP) 2. Location and Transportation (LT) 3. Sustainable Sites (SS) 4. Water Efficiency (WE) 5. Energy and Atmosphere (EA) 6. Materials and Resources (MR) 7. Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ) 1. Innovation 2. Regional Priority (RP) |
|
|
Credits versus Pre-requisites |
Credits are optional components that earn points, while prerequisites are mandatory, are not worth any points, and address minimum performance features. |
|
|
SS pre-requisite |
Construction Activity Pollution Prevention |
|
|
WE pre-requisites (3) |
Outdoor Water Use Reduction Indoor Water Use Reduction Building-Level Water Metering |
|
|
EA pre-requisites (4) |
1. Fundamental Commissioning of Building Energy Systems 2. Minimum Energy Performance 3. Building-Level Energy Metering 4. Fundamental Refrigerating Management |
|
|
MR pre-requisites (2) |
1. Storage and Collection of Recyclables 2. Construction and Demolition Waste Management Planning |
|
|
EQ pre-requisites (2) |
1. Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance 2. Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control |
|
|
Components of Prerequisites and Credits (the same) |
1. Intent 2. Requirements 3. Behind the intent (triple bottom line) 4. Step-by-step guidance 5. Further explanation 6. Required documentation 7. Related credit tips (indicates trade-offs and synergies of other credits/pre-req's) 8. Changes from LEED 2009 9. Referenced standards 10. Exemplary Performance (bonus points) 11. Definitions |
|
|
Credits are worth ____ points |
IT depends. weighted based on how effective the credit addresses the seven goals. |
|
|
Different Certification levels |
Certified: 40-49 Silver: 50-59 Gold: 60-79 Platinum: 80 and higher counting the 10 bonus points, there is a total of 110 available points. |
|
|
LEED Project Administrator |
Responsible for registering the a project and granting access for each of the team members to LEED-Online |
|
|
Project Dashboard on LEED-Online |
1. Project's scorecard 2. Interpretations 3. LEED Credit Templates 4. Timeline 5. Postcertification |
|
|
MPR |
Minimum Program Requirements, in addition to the prereq's for the rating systems, these need to be met in order for a project to receive certification |
|
|
The 3 MPRs |
1. Must be in a permanent location on existing Land 2. Must use Reasonable LEED Boundaries (can't exclude any of the altered land (for instance as a result of construction)). 3. Must comply with Project Size Requirements (specific to the type of rating system) |
|
|
Three types of boundaries |
1. Property Boundary line (land owned according to a deed) 2. LEED project boundary (may or may not be the same (for instance if a university wants to only develop a portion of its acres). 3. Building footprint LEED never overrides local, state, or federal requirements. |
|
|
Steps to Certification |
1. Initiate discovery phase 2. Select LEED rating system 3. Check minimum program requirements 4. Establish project goals 5. Define LEED project scope and boundary 6. Develop LEED scorecard 7. Continue discovery phase 8. Continue iterative process 9. Assign roles and responsibilities 10. Develop consistent documentation 11. Perform quality assurance review |
|
|
Who is responsible for a LEED Credit |
The one person that the project administrator assigns to that specific prereq or redit...they will generate and upload the required documentation. That person is the declarant and signs the credit template. But...one person can be assigned to more than one credit, and some members don't have to be assigned to any. |
|
|
What does every credit and prereq require? |
A credit template and some may require additional documentation, unless that is exempt because the design team opts to use the LPE path. |
|
|
LPE |
Licensed Professional Exemption |
|
|
CIR decision final or not? |
Not, you should upload it with your materials. |
|
|
Submitting a LEED project |
After design and CDs you can optionally submit to see where the project stands with point-earning potential, this split review would mean you do the rest of the non-design documentation after substantial completion. (alternatively you can just do it all after substantial completion). |
|
|
Performance Period |
A continuous period of time in which a building or facility's performance is measured (relevant for O&M where the certification is for a particular snapshot of time). O&M projects are only submitted for certification review after the period is completed. |
|
|
Three Factors a project's certification fees are based on |
1. rating system the project is seeking certification with 2. project's square footage 3. corporate membership account or not. |
|
|
Three factors in the LT Category |
1. Location 2. Transportation 3. Neighborhood pattern and design |
|
|
Three factors of location |
1. Natural Context 2. Infrastructural Context 3. Social context |
|
|
Increasing FAR |
increasing the total allowable proportion of floor area to the total land area the building can occupy increases density and therefore preserves open space. |
|
|
6 strategies for proper, sustainable site selections (LT) |
1. Increase density 2. Choose redevelopment and infill development (and remediating brownfields) 3. Locate near existing infrastructure 4. Protect habitat (preserve wildlife and open space with minimal site disturbance). 5. Increase diversity of uses 6. Encourage multiple modes of transportation |
|
|
Transportation is most impacted by four factors |
1. Land use - length and frequency of trips 2. Vehicle technology 3. Fuel 4. Human behavior |
|
|
Three strategies to help reduce transportation impacts of their sites |
1. Choose a site adjacent to mass transit. 2. Limit parking capacity 3. Encourage Bicycling |
|
|
Four strategies to address transportation during operations and maintenance |
1. Encourage Carpooling 2. Encourage or provide alternative fuel vehicles 3. Incentivize building users/employees 4. Support alternative transportation |
|
|
LT factors to know |
1. Walking and bicycling, sum continuous segments to determine distance from origin to destination. 2. Total vehicle parking capacity, all off-street parking available to the project occupants. 3. Preferred parking. outside of ADA spaces, but closest to the building entrance otherwise (incentivize carpooling) |
|
|
pedestrian infrastructure includes |
1. sidewalks and crosswalks but also all weather surface footpaths or equivalent pedestrian facilities |
|
|
bicycle infrastructure includes... |
on-street bike lanes but also off-street bike paths and trails and streets with low vehicle speed limits. |
|
|
Diversity of Use |
A diversity of business and community services in a neighborhood allows an integration of uses to minimize the length of travel. |
|
|
8 strategies to reduce transportation impacts of their sites |
1. Design walkable streets 2. Include pedestrian amenities 3. Use compact development strategies 4. Promote connectivity 5. Provide diverse land uses 6. Create a diverse community 7. Support access to sustainable food 8. Ensure that all residents have easy access to grocery stores. |
|
|
Three factors to address within the SS category |
1. Site design and Mgmt 2. Rainwater Mgmt 3. Heat Island Effect |
|
|
LID and GI |
Low Impact Development and Green Infrastructure (encouraged to use in SS category) |
|
|
Five core strategies to address site design concepts |
1. Preserve Open space and sensitive areas. 2. Minimize hardscape 3. Use native landscaping 4. Prevent light pollution (exterior lights should project down and be minimal) 5. Protect and restore habitat (land trust a different area to conserve it) |
|
|
Three strategies for sustainable site operations and maintenance |
1. Develop a sustainable management plan. IPM - integrated pest management. 2. Implement conservation programs. 3. Maintain site lighting to prevent light pollution (put on timers to shut off automatically after hours. |
|
|
Nonpoint source pollutants |
oil leaked from cars or fetilizers from plantings (they get picked up from rainwater runoff and end up polluting our sewer and natural waters unecessarily) |
|
|
Best strategy for handing surface water... |
is to treat it before it leaves the site (like a series of catchment areas that filter it) |
|
|
Three Design strategies for Managing rainwater |
1. Minimize impervious areas 2. Control rainwater (slow it down and let it infiltrate) 3. Incorporate rainwater mgmt into site design |
|
|
Two Operations and Maintenance strategies to address rainwater management |
1. Redirect rainwater (into water-retaining features) 2. Harvest rainwater (collect it and use it for irrigation, toilet flushing) |
|
|
SR and SRI and why it matters |
Solar Reflectance and Solar Reflectivity Index If these values are high it can help reduce the heat island effect (sun attracted to the asphalt surfaces of urban areas). Basically use light-colored materials on roofs and surface pavings |
|
|
Three strategies to reduce the heat island effect |
1. Use reflective roof materials 2. Reduce the area of paved surfaces exposed to sunlight (no hardscape, light colors, shaded) 3. Plan an urban forest or a green roof (evapotranspiration (the return of water to the atmosphere after evaporating from plants' leaves) and shading) |
|
|
Thermal Emittance |
the relative ability of the roof surface to radiate absorbed heat (to get rid of it when it is absorbed) |
|
|
WE two components |
1. Indoor water use 2. Outdoor water use |
|
|
WE starting point |
Efficiency First - reduce the amount of water that must be treated, heated, cooled, and distributed (the energy required to treat and transport water is not captured by a utility meter) |
|
|
Baseline for WE |
the Water Efficiency prereqs and credits utilze the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct 1992) for flow and flush rates associated with conventional and efficient fixtures. |
|
|
FTE and why we care... |
Full-time equivalence...an occupancy estimation used to determine # of occupants that will be using the plumbing fixtures. |
|
|
Blackwater |
1. Kitchen sink, shower, and bathtub 2. Toilets and urinals Ultimately not the source, but what is in it (e.g., washing machine wastewater with diapers |
|
|
gpf |
gallons per flush (used to calculate water use of flush fixtures (toilets and urinals)) |
|
|
gpm |
gallons per minute (used to calculate water use of flow fixtures (sinks, showers, aerators)). |
|
|
WE Prereq |
LEED-certified must demand at least 20 percent or less indoor water as compared to conventionally designed buildings |
|
|
Process Water |
Water used for building systems, such as heat and cooling air. Used for chillers, cooling towers, boilers and business operation uses. Closed loop systems where the water stays in a contaminant-free environment extends the process water use. If this was metered it could be tracked and credits offered... |
|
|
Three strategies to substantially reducing indoor water consumption |
1. Install efficient plumbing fixtures 2. Use nonpotable water (for flush functions), like gray water (water that hasn't come into contact with toilet waste), and muncipally reclaimed water. 3. Install submeters to track consumption and monitor for leakage. |
|
|
Irrigation Efficiency |
Calculate the amoutn of water actually delivered to vegetation by the proposed irrigation system and not blown away or evaporated. |
|
|
Strategies for outdoor water use reduction |
1. Implement native and adapted plants 2. Use Xeriscaping 3. Specify high-efficiency irrigation systems (including moisture sensors) 4. Use nonpotable water 5. Install submeters |
|
|
Percentages buildings account for primary energy use, electricity consumption and CO2 emissions |
39 percent of primary energy use 72 percent of electricity consumption 38 percent of carbon, dioxide emissions. |
|
|
EA Prereqs |
1. Fundamental Commissioning of Building Energy Systems 2. Minimum Energy Performance 3. Building-Level Energy Monitoring 4. Fundamental Refrigerant Management |
|
|
CxA |
Commissioning agent (or authority) (it is a prereq for EA that an agent commissions the building). |
|
|
Commissioning |
the process of verifying and documenting that a building and all its systems and assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, operated, and maintained to meet the OPR. |
|
|
OPR |
Owner's Program Requirements - includes environmental goals of the project, and is used to develop a BOD (basis of design) for the major building systems. (used in commissioning process.) |
|
|
ASHRAE (abbreviation, but also, what 90.1 standard is) |
American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers - their standard 90.1 is used to determine the minimum energy performance requirement for buildings seeking LEED. |
|
|
Energy performance, demands, and requirements are affected by multiple components (and thus an integrative design process is critical) |
1. Site conditions (heat island or not) 2. Building orientation (passive design like daylighting and natural ventilation) 3. How much water needs to be heated/cooled 4. Roof design (reflectivity or green roof) 5. Building envelope thermal performance. 6. Light fixture types 7. Onsite renewable energy generation 8. Commissioning 9. Educating occupants and operations/maintenance teams on how the building performs |
|
|
Process Energy versus Regulated Energy |
LEED minimums only address regulated (as process is not included or calculated). Regulated includes: lighting, HVAC, Service water for domestic and space heating purposes. Process energy includes: computers, office equipment, kitchen refrigeration and cooking, washing and drying machines, and elevators and escalators. |
|
|
ODP and GWP |
Ozone depleting potential and global warming potential This is relevant when considering the trade-off/impact of using refrigerants (no perfect refrigerant exists) |
|
|
CFCs and HCFCs and HFC |
Chlorofluorocarbons - highest in ODP, Montreal Protocoal bans them Hydro-CFCs - required to be phased out Hydrofluorocarbon have no ODP, but have GWP |
|
|
Existing buildings that seek LEED certification use _____ as a benchmarking system for energy use. |
EPAs ENERGYSTAR portfolio manager - |
|
|
Four Components to focus on in order to address the goals and intentions of the EA category |
1. Energy Demand 2. Energy Efficiency 3. Renewable Energy 4. Ongoing Energy Performance |
|
|
California Title 24 |
Another energy standard for buildings (along with ASHRAE 90.1, IGCC and ENERGYSTAR Portfolio Manager). |
|
|
Four strategies to address the energy demand of green buildings to help to save energy |
1. Establish design and energy goals 2. Size the building appropriately 3. Use free energy (natural resources) 4. Insulate |
|
|
DR |
Demand Response - encourages electricity customers to reduce their usage during peak demand times (allowing utilities to optimize their supply-side energy generation and delivery systems). Tiered pricing, optional rewards for accounts that change their use patterns. |
|
|
What are the units for: electricity, natural gas, and liquid fuel |
kilowatts per hour, therms, gallons. |
|
|
EUI |
Energy Use Intensity (measured in BTU per square foot per year) (for LEED ND they use per capita isntead of per SF) |
|
|
6 strategies to use energy more efficiently |
1. Address the envelope 2. Install high-performance mechanical systems and appliances 3. Use high-efficient infrastructure and traffic signals (for LEED ND) 4. Capture efficiencies of scale (multiple buildings on a single loop) 5. Use energy simulation 6. Monitor and verify performance (commissioning, building automation systems, and retro-comissioning (for existing buildings)). |
|
|
6 types of qualifiable renewable energy sources (under LEED) |
1. Solar 2. Wind 3. Wave 4. biomass 5. geothermal 6. low-impact hydropower |
|
|
2 strategies that incorporate renewable energy and reduce the use of fossil fuels |
1. Generate on-site renewable energy 2. Purchase green power or RECs |
|
|
REC |
Renewable Energy Credit (think tradable commodities...generated offsite and not tied directly to the project). |
|
|
4 strategies to ensure optimal performance |
1. Adhere to the OPR 2. Provide Staff training (occupants should be aware of how to use less energy) 3. Conduct preventative maintenance 4. Create incentives for occupants and tenants (provide feedback and goals) |
|
|
4 Sequential steps to reduce energy use within a project. |
1. reduce demand 2. employ means to use energy efficiently, such as high perofrmance equipment 3. assess renewable energy opportunities on and off site 4. Monitor use to ensure that the building is operating and maintained accordingly. |
|
|
Five strategies that intend to conserve materials throughout a project's life cycle. |
1. Reuse existing buildings and salvaged materials 2. Plan for smaller, more compact communities 3. Design smaller, more flexible homes and buildings 4. Use efficient framing techniques (studs at 24 inches, instead of 16 inches) and use SIPS (structural insulated panels). Increase performance while using less material. 5. Promote source reduction in operations (office policies to reduce paper use and reuse office materials) |
|
|
Rapidly renewable fiber or animal materials |
Must be grown or raised in 10 years or less and meet the Sustainable Agriculture Standard |
|
|
Pre-consumer recycled content |
Products made with material left over from the manufacturing process are considered preconsumer waste |
|
|
Postconsumer waste |
materials made with manufactured (already used by consumer) product waste. |
|
|
Regional Material |
extracted, processed, and manufactured within 100 miles of the project site |
|
|
FSC Wood |
Forest Stewardship Council requires chain of custody documentation, tracking a product from harvest/extraction to the installation location, including processing, manufacturing and distribution |
|
|
8 environmentally preferable attributes of materials and products |
1. Support local economy 2. Sustainably grown and harvested 3. Have intended end-of-life scenarios that avoid landfill 4. Contain recycled content from industrial or consumer resources 5. made of bio-based material 6. free of toxins 7. long lasting, durable and reusable 8. Made in factories that support human health and workers' rights |
|
|
Greenwashing |
implying a product is more sustainable that it actually is |
|
|
Embodied Energy |
1. extraction location of the raw materials 2. manufacturing process and location 3. impact on construction workers and buildign occupants 4. expected term of use during operations 5. disposal options available 6. Energy contained within product itself These are used in the LCA |
|
|
EPDs |
Environmental Product Declarations...along with material ingredient disclosures provide a comprehensive understanding of materials and products. |
|
|
4 strategies to promote sustainable purchasing during design |
1. Identify local sources of environmentally preferable products. 2. Develop a sustainable materials policy. 3. Specify green materials and equipment. 4. Specify green custodial products. |
|
|
MR Prereq/credit specifics |
1. Project teams are required to include the portions of the projects that are being constructed or renovated. 2. Must include all permanently installed building materials and products, can opt to include all or exclude all furniture. Can opt to include any MEP products that apply 3. Compliance is based on number of products or product cost and defined whether they are site assmelbed or arrive site-ready (concrete is three products (since it is site-assembled)). 4. Must calculate both material cost (including delivery to site) and project cost (actual--everything but labor, or default--45 percent of total construction cost) 5. Location valuation factor - must extracted, manufactured and purchased within 100 miles and meet at least one of the sustainable criteria. (if it doesn't meet one of the criteria it is just valued at 100% (rather than 200%)). 6. For assemblies it is Material cost x percentage compliant by weight x the percent of the product that meets sustainable criteria. 6. |
|
|
EPA statistic for current recycling |
32 percent |
|
|
4 preferred EPA strategies for reducing waste |
1. source reduction 2. reuse 3. recycling 4. waste to energy |
|
|
Construction waste management plans should address this key decision about recycling |
1. Commingled: reduces amount of space onsite or 2. On-site sepration: potentially higher labor on-site. |
|
|
Minimum items to be recycled during operations to meet MR prereq. |
1. Paper 2. Corrugated cardboard 3. glass 4. plastics 5. metals |
|
|
Unit for calculating waste |
Volume or weight (tons) |
|
|
Strategies to reduce waste during construction |
1. Design buildings that produce less waste (prefab, efficient framing) 2. Develop a construction waste amnagement policy (with goals) 3. Establish a tracking system |
|
|
Strategies to reduce waste during O&M |
1. Develop a solid waste management policy 2. Conduct a waste stream audit 3. Maintain a recycling program 4. Monitor, track, and report. 5. Compost 6. Provide recycling for durable goods |
