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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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nucleus
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the organelle that contains a cell's genes
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nuclear envelope
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double membrane surrounding the nucleus
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nuclear lamina
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an array of protein filaments that supports the nuclear envelope and maintains the shape of the nucleus
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chromatin
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DNA that is wound around proteins
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nucleolus
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dense part of the nucleus, where rRNA and ribosomal subunits are made
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nuclear pore
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hole through the nuclear envelope, regulated by proteins, that allows materials into and out of the nucleus
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nuclear transport signal
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a molecular "tag" that signals something to be transported into or out of the nucleus
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nucleoporins
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the proteins that regulate transport through nuclear pores
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ribosomes
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the organelles that synthesize proteins
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endomembrane system
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all the membranes inside the cell, including the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the golgi apparatus
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cisternae
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membranous tubes and sacs
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lumen
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the space inside a membrane sac
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rough endoplasmic reticulum
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synthesizes membranes and has bound ribosomes that synthesize proteins destined to be integral membrane proteins or secreted proteins
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smooth endoplasmic reticulum
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synthesizes lipids, detoxifies poisons, metabolizes carbohydrates, and stores calcium
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golgi apparatus
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chemically modifies proteins, carbohydrates, and phospholipids. synthesis polysaccharides
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cis face of the golgi
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the "receiving" side, facing the nucleus
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trans face of the golgi
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the "shipping" side, facing the cytoplasm
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lysosomes
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a membranous sac containing hydrolytic enzymes that breaks down undesirables in the cell
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