Lecture 4B: Somatic Stress Disorders 11

Front 1

Laboratory provocation in MCS with those chemicals
identified as incitants yielded extremely low
________ and __________(Staudenmayer et al, 1993)

Back 1

Laboratory provocation in MCS with those chemicals
identified as incitants yielded extremely low
sensitivity and specificity (Staudenmayer et al, 1993).

Front 2

There is a strong association between IEI and…

Back 2

Strong association between IEI and psychiatric illness.

Classical conditioning but can occur without history of a US causing UCR

Front 3

Individuals with IEI have what sort of belief system?

Back 3

An ILLNESS belief system

Front 4

It is possible that CFS, FM, IEI are all

Back 4

All one condition.

There is significant symptom and diagnostic overlap

It is said that the same patient will receive a FM
diagnosis from a rheumatologist and a CFS diagnosis from an internist, (and probably a diagnosis of depression or anxiety from a psychiatrist) and many patients carry 2-3 of these labels

Front 5

What may be the most objective finding regarding the differences between CFS, FM, IEI?

Back 5

Neuropsychological findings may be the most
objective abnormality, but NO EVIDENCE that there
is a neurologic disease in the classical sense.

Front 6

Subjective cognitive impairment is weakly _________ of objective findings and is more related to ________.

Back 6

Subjective cognitive impairment is WEAKLY predictive of objective findings and is more related to DISTRESS.

Front 7

Accuracy of self report-1
_

What is the “Good old days” phenomenon?

Back 7

Pre-morbid health is overestimated AFTER injury.

Lees-Haley et al (1997) gathered data on a total of 446 subjects (comprising 131 litigating and 315 non-litigating adults from five locations across the United States) and noted that the litigating clients consistently reported themselves to be hyper-normal before their injury.

These differences applied to areas as diverse as life in general, concentration, memory, level of depression, level of anxiety, level of alcohol abuse, work or school performance, level of irritability, level of headache, level of confusion, level of self esteem, fatigue, level of sexual functioning, quality of their marriage and the relationship to their children. Only level of drug abuse did not differ between the forensic group and the controls.

Front 8

Empirical evidence that adults who were sexually
abused or otherwise traumatized during
childhood or earlier in adulthood may ____ __ _______ abuse/trauma when directly asked

Back 8

Empirical evidence that adults who were sexually
abused or otherwise traumatized during
childhood or earlier in adulthood may FAIL TO REPORT abuse/trauma when directly asked

Front 9

Gulf War trauma reported more _________ at 2 years than 1 month after return in the same cohort (Southwick et al, 1997)

Back 9

Gulf War trauma reported more FREQUENTLY at 2
years than 1 month after return in the same
cohort (Southwick et al, 1997)

Front 10

30-40% ______ for physical and sexual abuse when
assessed 15 years later with file evidence from
childhood.

Back 10

30-40% denial for physical and sexual abuse when
assessed 15 years later with file evidence from
childhood

Front 11

Accuracy of self report-3

Post-encoding effects and events can influence the _________ of memory (i.e. reconsolidation)

Back 11

Post-encoding effects and events can
influence the ACCURACY of memory (i.e.
reconsolidation).

Academic, athletic, military achievements
distorted by some.

Well documented stressors, medical and
mental health history imperfectly recalled
(Harlow & Linet; 1989; Simon & Von Korff,
1995)