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53 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
A neuron is a collection of nerve fibers in the PNS.
False. A nerve is a collection
Most neurons are multipolar neurons.
True
The somatic nervous system is considered to be the involuntary nervous system
False. The voluntary nervous system
The ______________________controls functions that are under conscious voluntary control such as skeletal muscles and sensory neurons of the skin.
somatic nervous system
The______________________, mostly motor nerves, controls functions of involuntary smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands.
autonomic nervous system
Microglia are ciliated to help circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
False. Ependymal Cells
A somatic motor neuron carries

A) information, such as pain, from the viscera in the ventral cavity to the CNS.
B) motor commands to the skeletal musculature.
C) information that signals muscle contraction in the organs in the ventral cavity.
D) information from the skin to the CNS.
B) motor commands to the skeletal musculature
Which of the following is not a characteristic of neurons? )
A) high metabolic rate
B) longevity
C) ability to survive without oxygen
D) inability to divide
C) ability to survive without oxygen
Which of the following is the correct path an impulse takes across a synapse?
A) dendrite of presynaptic neuron, synaptic cleft, axon of postsynaptic neuron
B) axon of presynaptic neuron, synaptic cleft, dendrite of postsynaptic neuron
C) axon of postsynaptic neuron, dendrite of presynaptic neuron, synaptic cleft
D) synaptic cleft, dendrite of postsynaptic neuron, axon of presynaptic neuron
B) axon of presynaptic neuron, synaptic cleft, dendrite of postsynaptic neuron
Of the following, which is the only structure that is in the PNS, as opposed to the CNS?
A) a ganglion B) white matter C) a tract D) gray matter
A) a ganglion
The entire nerve is surrounded by a tough fibrous sheath called the 13)
A) endoneurium. B) ectoneurium. C) perineurium. D) epineurium
D) epineurium
14) This region of the brain regulates body temperature, hunger, and thirst.
A. hypothalamus
B. cerebrum
C. cerebellum
D. thalamus
A. hypothalamus
15) Both the cerebrum and this structure have an outer cortical layer of gray matter
A. hypothalamus
B. cerebrum
C. cerebellum
D. thalamus
C. cerebellum
16) The fourth ventricle lies between the pons and what other structure of the brain?
A. hypothalamus
B. cerebrum
C. cerebellum
D. thalamus
C. cerebellum
17) This portion of the brain is the largest part of the diencephalon and forms the upper and
lateral walls of the third ventricle.
A. hypothalamus
B. cerebrum
C. cerebellum
D. thalamus
D. thalamus
18) Nearly all communication to the cerebral cortex must pass through this structure

A. hypothalamus
B. cerebrum
C. cerebellum
D. thalamus
D. thalamus
19) The hypothalamus, in addition to the cerebral cortex, is in control of emotional responses
True
20) The reticular activating system (RAS) contains structures that regulate and cause emotional
responses.
False:

reticular activating system

maintains consciousness and alertness
reticular activating system
maintains consciousness and alertness
It is easy to mix up the terms sulcus and gyrus (on the cerebral cortex). The difference between
these two structures is that

A) a sulcus corresponds to a folia on the cerebellum, whereas a gyrus corresponds to a fissure.
B) a sulcus is the same as a fissure on the cerebral cortex, whereas a gyrus is a lobe.
C) a gyrus is a ridge, and a sulcus is a groove.
D) a sulcus is a groove, and a gyrus is a deeper groove.
C) a gyrus is a ridge, and a sulcus is a groove.
The cell bodies located in the anteriormost region of the spinal cord’s gray matter belong to this
group.

A) somatic motor B) visceral sensory
C) visceral motor D) somatic sensory
They are talking about the ventral horn. The ventral horn is

part of spinal cord that contain neurons concerned with somatic motor control:

A) somatic motor
part of spinal cord that contain somatic and visceral sensory nuclei
dorsal gray horns
The visual association area of the cerebral cortex is located in the

A) insula. B) frontal lobe. C) occipital lobe. D) parietal lobe.
C) occipital lobe.
The function of the blood-brain barrier is to

A) prevent all contact between bloodborne molecules and brain tissue.
B) keep neurons from innervating blood vessels.
C) help protect the central nervous system.
D) provide an impenetrable barrier between blood and brain, because the brain gets all its
nourishment from the cerebrospinal fluid.
C) help protect the central nervous system.
Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by choroid plexuses in all the following locations except the

A) central canal. B) lateral ventricle.
C) fourth ventricle. D) third ventricle.
A) central canal.
The subarachnoid space lies between what two layers of meninges?

A) dura and epidura B) arachnoid and pia
C) arachnoid and bone of skull D) arachnoid and dura
B) arachnoid and pia
The cauda equina

A) describes the radiating patterns of projection fibers.
B) is a series of nerve roots in the lumbar and sacral region.
C) is confined to the thoracic and cervical segments of the spinal cord.
D) consists of hair like the tail of a horse
B) is a series of nerve roots in the lumbar and sacral region.
Two parts of the brain that are most involved in emotions are the

A) medulla and cerebellum. B) red nucleus and substantia nigra.
C) cingulate gyrus and hypothalamus. D) superior and inferior colliculi.
C
interthalamic adhesion
Essentially this is an anatomical marker where the young thalamus fuses. The ________________(aka massa intermedia) is absent in most older brains. Therefore, it apparently has no major function in the brain.
associated with cognitive flexibility, stimulation studies have found this structure to be responsible for emotional sensations such as fear, anxiety or pleasure and the associated physical responses to those emotions.
cingulate gyrus
The only one of the meninges that follows the brain surface into a cerebral sulcus is the

A) dura mater. B) pia mater.
C) arachnoid mater. D) alma mater.
B. Pia Mater
Which of the following grooves separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum?

A) lateral sulcus B) central sulcus
C) transverse fissure D) longitudinal fissure
C) transverse fissure
Which of the following statements about an axon is false?

A) It carries nerve impulses toward the cell body.
B) It has a uniform diameter.
C) It is also referred to as a nerve fiber.
D) It has branches.
A) It carries nerve impulses toward the cell body


Carries away.
A man walking barefoot stepped on a piece of glass. His foot jerked upward in which type of
reflex?

A) visceral, monosynaptic stretch reflex
B) somatic, polysynaptic withdrawal reflex
C) somatic, monosynaptic withdrawal reflex
D) visceral, polysynaptic withdrawal reflex
B) somatic, polysynaptic withdrawal reflex
33) This nerve, whose name bears the fact that it has three major branches, is cranial nerve V.
C. Trigeminal
34) This carries nerve filaments from the organ of smell.
A. Olfactory
This is the point where the nerve fibers coming from the retina cross over, which is
reflected in its name.
B. Optic
This nerve innervates muscles of facial expression.
D. Facial
Both the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions are part of the somatic motor nervous
division.
False. Visceral Motor
Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal, Abducent, Facial,
Vestibulocochlear (formerly Auditory), Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory, Hypoglossal

Nerve Function (Sensory, Motor, Both): Some Say Marry Money But My Brother Says Big Breasts Matter More
n
When you flex your biceps, you are calling on the somatic sensory portion of the nervous system.
False. Somatic motor
All of the following are exteroceptors: tactile corpuscles, lamellar corpuscles, and tactile epithelial
cells.
True
One of the largest branches of the sacral plexus is the sciatic nerve.
True
41) A nerve plexus is formed by interconnected dorsal and ventral rami of spinal nerves.
False.

All nerve plexuses are formed only by the ventral rami, and never by the dorsal rami. These supply the limbs
The sequence of brachial plexus components from medial to lateral is as follows: roots, trunks,
divisions, cords.
True. Roots can be replaced by rami
43) An example of an encapsulated receptor is
A) a tactile epithelial cell (Merkel disc).
B) a tendon organ.
C) a hair follicle receptor.
D) a lamellar corpuscle (Pacinian corpuscle).
D) a lamellar corpuscle (Pacinian corpuscle).
Sensory input from the skin would follow the
A) sympathetic nerve pathway.
B) dorsal root of spinal nerves.
C) ventral root of spinal nerves.
D) pathway of parasympathetic neurons
A) sympathetic nerve pathway.
Which nerve supplies most of the muscles of the posterior forearm?

A) radial B) axillary C) median D) ulnar
A) radial
The median nerve is the nerve that runs through the carpal tunnel of the wrist and connects with the thumb and all fingers of the hand, with the exception of the little finger.
Median
Innervates the teres minor and deltoid muscle, abductors of the arm at the shoulder.
axillary
The ulnar nerve is the nerve that runs down the length of the arm, beginning in the brachial plexus and terminating in the pinky and ring finger.
ulnar
If one likens a spinal nerve to the trunk of a tree, then the two roots of this tree are the dorsal and
ventral roots. What would represent the first and largest branches of this tree?

A) ventral and dorsal rami
B) rami communicantes
C) dorsal and ventral root ganglia
D) the brachial plexus
A) ventral and dorsal rami
The major nerve plexus to the upper limbs is the

A) cervical plexus. B) lumbar plexus. C) brachial plexus. D) sacral plexus.
C) brachial plexus.