Lecture 4: Anxiety Disorders 2

Front 1

What are some of the common comorbidities which might contribute to cognitive impairments in PTSD? (5)

Back 1

1 Medical illness
2 Somatization including non epileptic seizures
3. Psychiatric and psychological problems
4. Substance abuse
5. Dissociative symptoms

Front 2

Obsessive compulsive disorder: seems to be a associated with a deficit in which cognitive domains?

Back 2

visuospatial processing and visuospatial memory deficits.

Verbal learning and memory is normal.

Front 3

Further support for the notion of memory deficits in OCD sufferers is the interesting study by Her, Frost, Kuher, Crews and Alexander (1989) who noted that their nonclinical sample of subjects who featured
high levels of checking behaviour, had deficits in memory for __________ _________ ________.

Visual memory is frequently used in checking and reviewing personal acts.

Back 3

Further support for the notion of memory
deficits in OCD sufferers is the interesting
study by Her, Frost, Kuher, Crews and
Alexander (1989) who noted that their nonclinical
sample of subjects who featured
high levels of checking behaviour, had
deficits in memory for RECENTLY COMPLETED ACTIONS. Visual memory is frequently used in
checking and reviewing personal acts (

Front 4

OCD

Deficits in visual memory and by implication an inability to be able to recall the outcome of a previous investigation regarding an obsessive
concern or the adequacy of a compulsive act may well drive the subject to _________ these actions (Otto, 1992).

Back 4

OCD

Deficits in visual memory and by implication an inability to be able to recall the outcome of a previous investigation regarding an obsessive
concern or the adequacy of a compulsive act may well drive the subject to REPEAT these actions

Front 5

There seems at best tenuous evidence on the basis of the available literature which suggests a specific deficit in ________ ________in normal subjects who are placed in conditions of acute stress.

Back 5

There seems at best tenuous evidence on the basis of the available literature which suggests a specific deficit in ATTENTIONAL FUNCTIONS functions in normal subjects who are placed in conditions of acute stress.

Front 6

Subjects with pathological anxiety do perform _______ ________ on tests of attention but do so
___________.

Back 6

Subjects with pathological anxiety do perform MORE
POORLY on tests of attention but do so
INCONSISTENTLY.

Front 7

Neuroimaging in PTSD

STRUCTURAL:

What's down? (2)

Back 7

DOWN:

1. Hippocampus
2. Medial PFC

Front 8

Neuroimaging in PTSD

Functional:

What's up? (1)

What's down? (1)

Back 8

UP = Amygdala
DOWN = Medial PFC

Front 9

Neuroimaging in PTSD

Biochemical:

What's down? (3)

Back 9

1. Hippocampus
2. ACC
3. PFC

Front 10

Memory Meta-Analysis in PTSD
Brewin et al. (2007; J Abn Psychol)

4 Key findings?

Size of effect?
Verbal or visual impairment greater?
Do effect size vary according to immediate or delay?
Does TBI account for injury?

Back 10

PTSD & memory assoc small to moderate
 Verbal > visual
 No effect for immediate vs. delay
 Could not be explained by TBI