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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Histology
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study of tissues
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What are the four types of tissue
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Epithelial
connective Muscle Nervous |
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what are the functions of epithelial tissue
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Physical Protection
selective permeability secretion sensation |
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what are the characteristics of epithelial tissue
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celularity
polarity attachment (bound to basement membrane) avascular innervartion regeneration |
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how many and what are the types of intercellular junctions
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1. tight junctions
2. adhering junctions 3. desmosomes 4. hemidesomsomes 5. gap junctions |
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which intercellular junction is like a belt
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adhering junction
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which intercellular junction is like a spot weld between cells
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desmosomes
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which intercellular junction is like a spot weld between the cells and the base
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hemidesmosomes
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what are the __ types of epithelial tissue
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6
simple squamous simple cuboidal simple columnar stratified squamous pseudostratified columnar transitional |
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what are the possibilites for the first name of naming epithelial tissue
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simple
stratified psuedostratified |
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what are the possibilities for the last name of naming epithelial tissue
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squamos
cuboidal columnar |
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what are the functions of simple squamous epithelium
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diffusion
filtration |
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where is simple squamous epithelium located
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lung air sacs
lining of blood vessels serous membranes |
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what are the functions of simple cuboidal epithelium
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absorption
secretion |
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where is simple cuboidal epithelium located
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kidney tubules
glands |
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what are the functions of simple columnar epithielium
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absorption
secretion movement (if cilitated) |
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where is simple columnar epithelium located
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non - ciliated
stomach small and large intestines ciliated uterine tubes |
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what is the function stratified squamous epithelium
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protection
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where is stratified squamous epithelium located
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oral cavity
pharynx esophagus vagina anus epidermis |
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what are the functions of pseudostratified columnar epithelium
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protection
movement (if ciliated) |
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where is pseudostratified epithelium located
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respiratory tract
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what are the functions of transitional epithelium
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distention and relaxation of urinary structures
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where is transitional epithelium located
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ureteres
bladder urethra |
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Epithelial Tissue Table
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what are the __ types of glands
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2
Endocrine exocrine |
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what are teh characteristics of exocrine glands
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have ducts
secretes products to external environment sweat glands |
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what are the characteristics of endocrine glands
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ductless
secrete products into interstitial fluid and bloodstream |
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what are the __ types of exocrine glands
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3
Merocrine holocrine apocrine |
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how do merocrine glands work
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secretory vesicles and exocytosis
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how do holocrine glands work
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the "hole" cell breaks up and is secreted
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how do apocrine glands work
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the apical portion of the cell is pinched off and secreted
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what is the structure of connective tissue
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sparse cells in an extracellular matrix(proteins and ground substances)
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what are teh functions of connective tissues
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Physical protection
support and structural framework binding of structures storage transport(blood) immune protection |
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what are the __ main types of connective tissue
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3
connective tissue proper supporting connective tissue fluid connecting tissue |
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connective tissue proper can be divided into ____________ and _____________ connective tissue
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Loose
Few fibers more ground substance Dense more fibers less ground substance |
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Loose connective tissue can be divided into ___ types. What are they?
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3
Areolar adipose reticular |
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Dense connective tissue can be divided into __ types.
What are they? |
3
Regular irregular elastic |
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Supporting connective tissue can be split into __ categories. They are....
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2
cartilage (semi-solid matrix) bone (solid matrix) |
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Cartilage can be split into __ types. They are...
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3
Hyaline Fibrocartilage elastic |
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Bone is split in to __ types. they are....
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2
compact spongy |
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Fluid connective tissue is.....
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Blood
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what is within the extacellular matrix of connective tissue proper
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ground substances
protein fibers |
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what types of protein fibers are within the extacellular matriz
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elastic fibers
collagen fibers reticular fibers |
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what types of cells are in the connective tissue proper
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mesenchymal or stem cells
macrophage fat cell fibroblast |
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what is the structure of areolar connective tissue
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Abundant ground substance is gel-like; scattered fibroblasts; many blood vessels
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what is the function of areolar connective tissue
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Surrounds and protects tissues & organs; loosely binds epithelia to deeper tissues
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where is areolar connective tissue located
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Subcutaneous layer under skin; surrounds organs
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what color is areolar connective tissue? organized or disorganized?
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Pink
Disorganized |
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what is the structure of adipose connective tissue
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Closely packed adipocytes (fat cells); nucleus squeezed to one side by large fat droplet
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what is the function of adipose connective tissue
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Stores energy, protects, cushions, and insulates
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where is adipose connective tissue located
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Subcutaneous layer; covers and surrounds some organs
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adipose tissue
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what is the structure of reticular connective tissue
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Ground substance is gel-like liquid; scattered
arrangement of reticular fibers, fibroblasts, and leukocytes |
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what is the function of reticular connective tissue
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Provides supportive framework for lymphatic organs and bone marrow
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wher is reticular connective tissue located
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Lymphatic organs and bone marrow
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reticular connective tissue is _______ and _______
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loose and black
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what is the structure of dense regular connective tissue
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Densely packed, parallel collagen fibers; fibroblast between layers of fibers; scarce
ground substance |
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what is the function of dense regula connective tissue
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Resists stress applied in one direction
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where is dense regular connective tissue located
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tendons and ligaments
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dense regular connective tissue is __________ and ________
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Pink and organized
irregular is disorganized |
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what is th structure of dense irregular connective tissue
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Collagen fibers randomly arranged
and clumped together; fibroblasts among fibers; sparse ground substance |
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what is the function of dense irregular connective tissue
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withstands stresses in all directions
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where is dense irregular connective tissue located
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Dermis; periosteum covering bone;
organ capsules |
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dense irregular connective tissue is _____ and ______
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Pink and disorganized
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elastic connective tissue is considered a _____ connective tissue
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dense
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what is the structure of elastic connective tissue
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Predominantly branching elastic fibers;
fibroblasts occupy some spaces between fibers |
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what is the function of elastic connective tissue
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allos stretching of some organs
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where is elastic connective tissue located
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walls of large elastic arteries and bronchial tubes
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elastic connective tissue is __________ and ________
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black and dense
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what is the structure of cartilage
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semisolid matrix containing chondrocytes
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what is the structure of bone
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calcified matrix containing osteocytes
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what is the structure of blood
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Contains erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets;
soluble (dissolved) protein fibers and a watery ground substance |
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what causes scurvy
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deficiency of vitamin c
normal type 1 collagen fibers cannot form |
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what are the problems with scurvy
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Weakening of gums, teeth, bones and internal mucosa
Wounds and fractures don’t heal well Prevalent among sailors |
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what is marfan syndrome
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genetic disease: abnormal gene on chromosome 15
abnormatlities in fibrilin collagen and elastin |
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what are the characteristics of marfan syndrome
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causes skeletal vision cardio and connecive tissue abnormalitlies
tall and thin with long legs, fingers and toes typically die by age 50 becuas of week heart |
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gangrene
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tissue death (necrosis) due to poor circulation
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