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77 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Histology
study of tissues
What are the four types of tissue
Epithelial
connective
Muscle
Nervous
what are the functions of epithelial tissue
Physical Protection
selective permeability
secretion
sensation
what are the characteristics of epithelial tissue
celularity
polarity
attachment (bound to basement membrane)
avascular
innervartion
regeneration
how many and what are the types of intercellular junctions
1. tight junctions
2. adhering junctions
3. desmosomes
4. hemidesomsomes
5. gap junctions
which intercellular junction is like a belt
adhering junction
which intercellular junction is like a spot weld between cells
desmosomes
which intercellular junction is like a spot weld between the cells and the base
hemidesmosomes
what are the __ types of epithelial tissue
6
simple squamous
simple cuboidal
simple columnar
stratified squamous
pseudostratified columnar
transitional
what are the possibilites for the first name of naming epithelial tissue
simple
stratified
psuedostratified
what are the possibilities for the last name of naming epithelial tissue
squamos
cuboidal
columnar
what are the functions of simple squamous epithelium
diffusion
filtration
where is simple squamous epithelium located
lung air sacs
lining of blood vessels
serous membranes
what are the functions of simple cuboidal epithelium
absorption
secretion
where is simple cuboidal epithelium located
kidney tubules
glands
what are the functions of simple columnar epithielium
absorption
secretion
movement (if cilitated)
where is simple columnar epithelium located
non - ciliated
stomach
small and large intestines
ciliated
uterine tubes
what is the function stratified squamous epithelium
protection
where is stratified squamous epithelium located
oral cavity
pharynx
esophagus
vagina
anus
epidermis
what are the functions of pseudostratified columnar epithelium
protection
movement (if ciliated)
where is pseudostratified epithelium located
respiratory tract
what are the functions of transitional epithelium
distention and relaxation of urinary structures
where is transitional epithelium located
ureteres
bladder
urethra
Epithelial Tissue Table
what are the __ types of glands
2
Endocrine
exocrine
what are teh characteristics of exocrine glands
have ducts
secretes products to external environment
sweat glands
what are the characteristics of endocrine glands
ductless
secrete products into interstitial fluid and bloodstream
what are the __ types of exocrine glands
3
Merocrine
holocrine
apocrine
how do merocrine glands work
secretory vesicles and exocytosis
how do holocrine glands work
the "hole" cell breaks up and is secreted
how do apocrine glands work
the apical portion of the cell is pinched off and secreted
what is the structure of connective tissue
sparse cells in an extracellular matrix(proteins and ground substances)
what are teh functions of connective tissues
Physical protection
support and structural framework
binding of structures
storage
transport(blood)
immune protection
what are the __ main types of connective tissue
3
connective tissue proper
supporting connective tissue
fluid connecting tissue
connective tissue proper can be divided into ____________ and _____________ connective tissue
Loose
Few fibers more ground substance
Dense
more fibers less ground substance
Loose connective tissue can be divided into ___ types. What are they?
3
Areolar
adipose
reticular
Dense connective tissue can be divided into __ types.
What are they?
3
Regular
irregular
elastic
Supporting connective tissue can be split into __ categories. They are....
2

cartilage (semi-solid matrix)
bone (solid matrix)
Cartilage can be split into __ types. They are...
3

Hyaline
Fibrocartilage
elastic
Bone is split in to __ types. they are....
2

compact
spongy
Fluid connective tissue is.....
Blood
what is within the extacellular matrix of connective tissue proper
ground substances
protein fibers
what types of protein fibers are within the extacellular matriz
elastic fibers
collagen fibers
reticular fibers
elastic fibers
collagen fibers
reticular fibers
what types of cells are in the connective tissue proper
mesenchymal or stem cells
macrophage
fat cell
fibroblast
mesenchymal or stem cells
macrophage
fat cell
fibroblast
what is the structure of areolar connective tissue
Abundant ground substance is gel-like; scattered fibroblasts; many blood vessels
what is the function of areolar connective tissue
Surrounds and protects tissues & organs; loosely binds epithelia to deeper tissues
where is areolar connective tissue located
Subcutaneous layer under skin; surrounds organs
what color is areolar connective tissue? organized or disorganized?
Pink 
Disorganized
Pink
Disorganized
what is the structure of adipose connective tissue
Closely packed adipocytes (fat cells); nucleus squeezed to one side by large fat droplet
what is the function of adipose connective tissue
Stores energy, protects, cushions, and insulates
where is adipose connective tissue located
Subcutaneous layer; covers and surrounds some organs
adipose tissue
what is the structure of reticular connective tissue
Ground substance is gel-like liquid; scattered
arrangement of reticular fibers, fibroblasts, and
leukocytes
what is the function of reticular connective tissue
Provides supportive framework for lymphatic organs and bone marrow
wher is reticular connective tissue located
Lymphatic organs and bone marrow
reticular connective tissue is _______ and _______
loose and black
loose and black
what is the structure of dense regular connective tissue
Densely packed, parallel collagen fibers; fibroblast between layers of fibers; scarce
ground substance
what is the function of dense regula connective tissue
Resists stress applied in one direction
where is dense regular connective tissue located
tendons and ligaments
dense regular connective tissue is __________ and ________
Pink and organized


irregular is disorganized
what is th structure of dense irregular connective tissue
Collagen fibers randomly arranged
and clumped together; fibroblasts among
fibers; sparse ground substance
what is the function of dense irregular connective tissue
withstands stresses in all directions
where is dense irregular connective tissue located
Dermis; periosteum covering bone;
organ capsules
dense irregular connective tissue is _____ and ______
Pink and disorganized
elastic connective tissue is considered a _____ connective tissue
dense
what is the structure of elastic connective tissue
Predominantly branching elastic fibers;
fibroblasts occupy some spaces between fibers
what is the function of elastic connective tissue
allos stretching of some organs
where is elastic connective tissue located
walls of large elastic arteries and bronchial tubes
elastic connective tissue is __________ and ________
black and dense
black and dense
what is the structure of cartilage
semisolid matrix containing chondrocytes
semisolid matrix containing chondrocytes
what is the structure of bone
calcified matrix containing osteocytes
calcified matrix containing osteocytes
what is the structure of blood
Contains erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets;
soluble (dissolved) protein fibers and a watery
ground substance
what causes scurvy
deficiency of vitamin c

normal type 1 collagen fibers cannot form
what are the problems with scurvy
Weakening of gums, teeth, bones and internal mucosa
Wounds and fractures don’t heal well
Prevalent among sailors
what is marfan syndrome
genetic disease: abnormal gene on chromosome 15

abnormatlities in fibrilin collagen and elastin
what are the characteristics of marfan syndrome
causes skeletal vision cardio and connecive tissue abnormalitlies

tall and thin with long legs, fingers and toes

typically die by age 50 becuas of week heart
causes skeletal vision cardio and connecive tissue abnormalitlies

tall and thin with long legs, fingers and toes

typically die by age 50 becuas of week heart
gangrene
tissue death (necrosis) due to poor circulation