Lecture 21 - Digestive System (Part 2)

Front 1

what type of epithelium is the small intestine lined with

Back 1

simple columnar

Front 2

what keeps the small intestine in place

Back 2

suspended by the mesentery proper

Front 3

what re the functions of the small intestin

Back 3

Majority of chemical digestion
-bile from liver
-digestive enzymes from pancreas
Nutrien absorption

Front 4

what are the regions of the small intestine

Back 4

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

Front 5

how long is the duodenum

Back 5

10 inches

Front 6

what is special about the duodenum

Back 6

receives main pancreatic duct and bile duct

Front 7

how long in the jejunum

Back 7

7.5 ft

Front 8

how lon his the ileum

Back 8

10.8 ft

Front 9

what are the three ways that the small intestine is modified to increase absorption

Back 9

Circular fold (plicae circulares)
Villi
MicroVilli

Front 10

what is another name for the microvilli of the small intestines

Back 10

brush border

Front 11

what is the purpose of the microvilli of the small intestine

Back 11

increase surface area also contain enzymes that complete the final stages of degestion

Front 12

what is a hiatal hernia

Back 12

stomach pushes through esophageal hiatus

Front 13

what is an umbilical hernia

Back 13

intestines push through the recus abdominus

Front 14

what is and inguinal hernia

Back 14

intestines push through inquinal canal
more common in males

Front 15

what is femoral hernia

Back 15

intestines push through the femoral triangle
more common in females

Front 16

what are the functions of the large instestine

Back 16

absorbs water and electrolytes
forces feces toward rectum

Front 17

what are some special fetters of the large intestine

Back 17

Teniae coli - three thin, ;longitudinal bundles of smooth muscle

Haustra - sacks or bulges

Epiploic appendages - fat filled pouches of vesceral peritoneum

Front 18

large intestine anatomy

Back 18

Front 19

what are the structures of the anal canal

Back 19

internal anal sphincter
external anal sphincter
anal sinuses

Front 20

is the internal anal sphincter smooth or skeletal muscle? voluntary involuntary?

Back 20

smooth-involuntary

Front 21

is the external anal sphincter smooth or skeletal muscle? involuntary or voluntary?

Back 21

skeletal - voluntary

Front 22

what is the function of the anal sinuses

Back 22

produce mucus to lubricate anal canal

Front 23

what is appendicitis

Back 23

fecal matter obstructs the appendix
will swell and burst if untreated
cause peritoniits

Front 24

what is an intestinal obstruction

Back 24

any hindrance to the movement of chyme or feces throughout intestine

Front 25

what is inflammatory bowel disease

Back 25

periodic inflammation fo intestinal wall
symptoms include cramping, diarrhea, weight loss, intestinal bleeding

Front 26

what are some of the characteristics of colorectal cancer

Back 26

2nd most common cancer
most arise from intestinal polyps
conlonoscopy

Front 27

why are the pancreas liver and gallbladder considered accessory organs

Back 27

they aren't part of the GI tract but the y are part of the digestive system because they secrete substances in the GI tract to facilitate digestion

Front 28

what are the exocrine function sod the pancreas

Back 28

produces digestive enzymes

Front 29

what are the endocrine functions of the pancreas

Back 29

produces insulin and glucagon

Front 30

liver anatomy

Back 30

Front 31

what are the liver functions associated with blood

Back 31

-storage of excess blood nutrients
-detox of poisons metabolites and drugs
-clean out debris and old RBCs
-production of proteins(albumin, globulins, and blood clotting proteins)

Front 32

what are the functions associated with digestion

Back 32

Prduces bile

Front 33

liver histology

Back 33

Front 34

what is the purpose of the gallbladder

Back 34

stores and concentraes bile

Front 35

what is the pathway of bile

Back 35

left and right hepatic ducts
common hepatic duct
cystic duct into gallbladder
cystic duct out of gallbladder
common bile duct
duodenum

Front 36

what is liver cirrhosis

Back 36

-liver cells are destroyed and replaced by connective tissue
-most commonly caused by alcoholism
-results in jaundice and toxin buildup in the blood

Front 37

what is the treatment for liver cirrhosis

Back 37

trasplant

Front 38

what is viral hepatitis

Back 38

inflammation of the liver
flu-like symptoms and jaundice

Front 39

what are gallstones

Back 39

crystallization of cholesterol or calcium and bile salts

Front 40

diagram of peritoneal cavity

Back 40

Front 41

what are th name sod the __ mesentaries

Back 41

4
greater momentum
lesser omentum
mesentery proper
mesocolon

Front 42

what are the organs that are retroperitoneal

Back 42

most of the duodenum
pancreas
ascending and descending colon
rectum
kidneys

Front 43

________ becomes a tube after transverse folding

Back 43

endoderm

Front 44

the forgut in the primitive gut tube becomes

Back 44

pharynx to duodenum

Front 45

the midgut in the primitive gut tube becomes

Back 45

dudenum to transvers colon

Front 46

the hind gut of the primitive gut tube become the ....

Back 46

transverse colon to anus

Front 47

accessory digestie organs bud of the

Back 47

primitive gut tube