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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Elicited or Reflexive Behaviors |
Natural response or behavior to a stimuli ex. sneezing, blinking |
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The Reflex (2 parts) & How does it work |
-An eliciting stimulus -A corresponding response
The environmental stimulus for a reflex activates a sensory neuron (aka afferent neuron) which transmits the sensory message to the spinal cord. Here, the neural impulses are relayed to an interneuron which in turn relays the impulses to the motor neuron (aka efferent neuron), which activates the muscles involved in the reflex response. |
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Habituation |
A decrease to responding to an eliciting stimulus with repeated presentations of that stimulus AKA our daily filtering mechanism -Habituation IS stimulus specific -Attention is very important |
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Two types of Habituation |
Long Term Habituation: less frequent presentation of stimuli, over a long duration Short Term Habituation: high frequent presentation of stimuli, over a short duration |
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Spontaneous Recovery |
Behavior reappears |
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Salience |
how noticeable something is |
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The startle response |
-it's the behavior to something startling -can be measured in a variety of ways, but most common in animals is through visual observation and the use of a Stabilimeter |
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Sensitisation & when does it occur
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an increase in responding to an eliciting stimuli w/ repeated presentations of that stimuli -only occurs when animal is aroused |
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Is decrease in bx always because of habituation? |
No. It could also be due to fatigue or sensory adaptation. To rule out fatigue, change the stimulus (must elicit same reflex as previous stimulus) To rule out sensory adaptation, use same stimulus in a different way |
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Dual Process Theory by Groves & Thompson (1970) |
Habituation Process: Decrease responsiveness in stimuli Sensitisation Process: Increase responsiveness in stimuli -NOT MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE -Often times, both are activated at same time -They compete over control of behavior -Habituation & Senitisation process decay over time w/o stimulation |
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Habituation Process (according to Dual Process Theory) |
-Occur in the Stimulus-Response System (S-R), reflex system -Activated every time a stimulus elicits a response -Stimulus-specific, meaning for each stimulus a different S-R system is activated |
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Sensitisation Process (according to Dual Process Theory) |
-Occurs in the State System -Activated only when aroused -Is NOT stimulus-specific |
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Characteristics of Emotional Responses (3) |
1. emotional reactions are biphasic 2. the primary reaction becomes weaker w/ repeated representations 3. the weakening of the primary reaction w/ repeated exposure is accompanied by a strengthening of the after-reaction. |
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Opponent Process Theory of Motivation & What are the 2 processes? |
Theory that assumes the body wants to maintain emotional stability 2 Processes: -A process: activated when stimulus is present & causes positive emotions -B process (opponent): responsible for compensation of A process. Maintains equilibrium/homeostasis |
