Lecture 17 - Chapter 19 Pathogenic Gram Positive Bacteria; Chapter 20 Pathogenic Gram Negative Bacteria

Front 1

Pathogenic gram positive: Listeria

Back 1

•Facultative anaerobic, non-endospore
•L. Monocytogenes

•Encephalitis (brain)

•Gastroenteritis (dairy, soft cheese, prego woman)

•Meningitis

•Treatment: Ampicillin, Gentamicin

Front 2

Pathogenic gram positive: Mycoplasma

Back 2

•Smallest free living organisms

•Lack cell walls

•M. Genitalium

•M. Hominis

•M. Pneumonia

Front 3

Mycoplasma: M. Genitalium, M.Hominis

Back 3

•Endometritis, Salpingitis, Urethritis
•STD
•Treatment: Macrolide (azithromycin, erythromycin)

Front 4

Mycoplasma: M. Pneumonia (lives in host cell)

Back 4

•bronchiolitis
•community acquired atypical (walking) pneumonia

•host mimicry

•intracellular localization

•Treatment: Macrolides (azithromycin, erythromycin)

Front 5

Corynebacterium

Back 5

•Aerobic/facultative anaerobic

•(+) Catalase

•C.diphtheriae - Diphtheria

•Cutaneous infection, Endocarditis

Front 6

Corynebacteria - Diphtheria

Back 6

•Cutaneous infection

•Respiratory infection

•Diphtheria toxin encoded in a bacteriophage; Fragment A + fragment B
•Pseudomembrane (dead cells, RBC, lymphocytes, marophages) fibrin, dead bacteria
•Complications: Myocarditis, neuropathy, respiratory failure

Front 7

Mycobacterium

Back 7

•Aerobic,Non-spores

•M. Avium complex

•M. Leprae

•M. Tuberculosis complex

•Mycolic Acid

Front 8

Mycobacterium: MAC - M. avium

Back 8

•Disseminated disease in immunocompromised patients

•Prophylactic In patients w/ CD4+ below 50/µL

•Macrolide

•Treatment: Ethambutol + Macrolide + Rifamycin

Front 9

Mycobacterium: M. leprae & M. lepromatosis

Back 9

•Leprosy (Hansen’s disease)

•Granulomatous Disease

•Primary disease of infection to skin & peripheral nerve

•Immunologic Event cause the secondary part

•Treatment: Dapsone + Rifamycin

Hint 9

Damages skin, superficial nerves, eyes, nose & testes

Front 10

Mycobacterium: MTC - M. tuberculosis

Back 10

•Obligate Aerobes
•Phagocytized by macrophages, M. tuberculosis cell wall prevents the fusion of the phagosome w/ lysosomes (prevent formation of the phagolysosome)

•Extrapulmonary & Pulmonary (disseminated - miliary)

•Treatment: Ethambutol + Pyrazinamide, Isoniazid + Rifamycin

Front 11

Pathogenic Gram Negative Bacteria: Neisseria

Back 11

•Aerobic

•Diplococci

•(+) Catalase
•N.gonorrhoeae

•N. meningitidis

Front 12

Pathogenic Gram Negative Bacteria:

Neisseria: N.gonorrhoeae

Back 12

•Aerobic,facultative intracellular

•Arthritis (septic & reactive)

•Epithelial tissues (mucous membranes)

•Disseminated gonococcal infection
•Gonorrhea

•PID

Front 13

Pathogenic Gram Negative Bacteria:

Neisseria: N. gonorrhoeae - Treatment

Back 13

•Ceftriaxone doxycycline

•Ceftriaxone IM + azithromycin

Front 14

Pathogenic Gram Negative Bacteria:

Neisseria: N.meningitidis

Back 14

•IgA protease breaks down IgA

•Lipopolysaccharide produces endotoxin

•Polysaccharide capsule prevent phagocytization

•Meningitis

•Meningococcemia

Front 15

Pathogenic Gram Negative Bacteria:

Neisseria: N.meningitidis - Endotoxin

Back 15

•Coagulopathy

•Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy

•Increased vascular permeability

Front 16

Pathogenic Gram Negative Bacteria:

Neisseria: N.meningitidis - Vaccine

Back 16

3rd generation cephalosporin