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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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phylum |
group sharing a common ancestor |
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genus |
well defined group of one or more strains |
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Thermus aquaticus and Deinococcus radiodurans |
examples of Deinococcus-Thermus phylum (2) |
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Thermus aquaticus |
part of Deinococcus-thermus phylum -grows at 70-75 -source of taq polymerase for PCR |
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Deinococcus radiodurans |
part of deinococcus-thermus phylum -not thermophillic, but extremely resistant to radiation and desiccation -rapid DNA repair -sandy desserts |
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Phylum Cyanobacteria |
-primary producers in many ecosystems -oxygenic phototropic prokaryotes -2 photosystems |
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Anabaena |
Phylum cyanobacteria example (1) |
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Anabaena |
part of cyanobacteria phylum -gram - -both oxygenic photosynthesis and N fixation |
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Chlamydia trachomatis |
phylum Chlamydiae example |
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Chlamydia |
part of phylum chlamydiae - gram - -obligate intracellular bacteria -human and animal pathogens -C. pneumoniae and C. trachomatis |
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Elementary Body and reticulate body |
chlamydia cell types (2) |
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Elementary body |
dormant, infectious, attaches, enters and develops into reticulate body (chlamydia cell type) |
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reticulate body |
reproductive, non infectious, intracellular, develops back into EB-release from cell (chlamydia cell type) |
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Treponema pallidum Borreliaburgdorferi |
Phylum Spirochetes examples (2) |
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phylum spirochete |
flexible, helical shape -flagella within periplasm -axial filament -rotation turns whole cell |
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treponema pallidum |
syphilis |
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borrelia burgdorferi |
lymes disease |
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Bacteroides |
phylum bacteroidetes (1) example |
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bacteroidetes and Firmicutes |
major bacteria in the intestine 1 gram- and 1 gram+ |
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Bacteroides |
anaerobic, gram - -degrade complex, dietary polysaccharides |
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Rhodospirillum, Rhizobium,Agrobacterium, Rickettsia, Caulobacter |
examples of alpha proteobacteria (5) |
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Rhizobium |
alpha -root nodules, fixes N2 |
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agrobacterium |
alpha -T-DNA transfer causes plant tumors (galls) |
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Rickettsia |
alpha -obligate intracellular bacteria -rock mntn spotted ferer (ticks) |
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caulobacter |
alpha gram- -dimorphic 1. motile swarmer cell 2. non motile stalked cell |
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Nitrosomonas, Neisseria meningitidis |
Beta proteobacteria (2) |
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beta proteobacteria |
some are chemolithotrophs -nitrate, sulfur, iron oxidizers |
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Nitrosomonas |
beta oxidizes ammonia to nitrite -first step of nitrification |
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Escherichia coli, Salmonella,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shewanella |
gamma examples (5) |
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E. Coli |
Gamme proteobacteria -enteric -pathogenetic form: 0157:H7 |
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salmonella |
gamma proteobacteria -enteric -food poisoning |
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proteus |
Gamma proteobacteria -enteric -urinary tract infections |
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
gamma proteobacteria -non-enteric -opportunistic pathogen |
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shwanella |
gamma proteobacteria -non enteric -non pathogen -aquatic and soil -extracellular electron transport |
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myxococcus and Bdellovibrio |
delta proeteobacteria examples |
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myxococcus |
delta proteobacteria -gram-, social, soil bacteria -attack other bacteria -gliding motility (no flagella) -nutrient limiting, cells assemble into fruiting bodies -with no dormant myxospores |
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bdellovibrio |
delta proteobacteria -parasitizes other bacteria -grows in periplasm -lyses host |
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vegetative state |
state in myxococcus life cyle -no spores, spends most of life here if there are abundant nutrients |
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type IV pili |
in myxococcus life cycle -forms initial fruiting body/aggregate |
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myxospores |
in myxococcus life cyle -dormant and stress resistant |
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Firmicutes |
phylum -includes pathogens (staphylococcus and streptococcus) -includes good bacteria (lactobacillus and lactococcus) -fermentation produce lactic acid (probiotics, cheese, and yogurt) includes spore formers (clostridium and bacillus) |
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staphylococcus and streptococcus |
pathogenic firmicutes (2) |
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lactobacillus, lactococcus |
"good" firmicutes |
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clostridium, bacillus |
spore formers of firmicutes (2) |
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spore formation |
1. septum forms asymmetrically 2. mother cell engulfs forspore 3. mother adds peptidoglycan layer and a coat of protein (stress resistant) -lysis of cell |
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layers of a spore (inside out) |
inner-membrane cortex-peptidoglycan outer membrane coat-protein |
