Lecom Pharm One Liners 2015 Part 3

Front 1

Drugs with important actions on smooth muscle

Front 2

Disease caused by excess ergot alkaloids

Back 2

St. Anthony's Fire

Front 3

Endogenous substances commonly interpreted as histamine, serotonin, prostaglandins, and vasoactive peptides

Back 3

Autocoids

Front 4

Syndrome of hypersecretion of gastric acid and pepsin usually caused by gastrinoma; it is associated with severe peptic ulceration and diarrhea

Back 4

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

Front 5

Drug that causes contraction of the uterus

Back 5

Oxytocin

Front 6

Distribution of histamine receptors H1, H2, and H3

Back 6

Smooth muscle; stomach, heart, and mast cells; nerve endings, CNS respectively

Front 7

Prototype antagonist of H1 and H2 receptors

Back 7

Diphenhydramine and cimetidine, respectively

Front 8

1st generation antihistamine that is highly sedating

Back 8

Diphendydramine

Front 9

1st generation antihistamine that is least sedating

Back 9

Chlorpheniramine or cyclizine

Front 10

2nd generation antihistamines

Back 10

Fexofenadine, loratadine, and cetirizine

Front 11

Generation of antihistamine that has the most CNS effects

Back 11

First generation due to being more lipid-soluble

Front 12

Major indication for H1 receptor antagonist

Back 12

Use in IgE mediated allergic reaction

Front 13

Antihistamine that can be used for anxiety and insomnia and is not addictive

Back 13

hydroxyzine (Atarax)

Front 14

H1 antagonist used in motion sickness

Back 14

Dimenhydrinate, meclizine, and other 1st generation

Front 15

Most common side effect of 1st generation antihistamines

Back 15

Sedation

Front 16

Lethal arrhythmias resulting from concurrent therapy with azole fungals (metabolized by CYP 3A4) and these antihistamines which inhibit the 3A4 iso- enzyme.

Back 16

Terfenadine and astemizole (have been removed from the market)

Front 17

H2 blocker that causes the most interactions with other drugs

Back 17

Cimetidine

Front 18

Clinical use for H2 blockers

Back 18

Acid reflux disease, duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease

Front 19

Receptors for serotonin (5HT-1) are located

Back 19

Mostly in the brain, and they mediate synaptic inhibition via increased K+ conductance

Front 20

5HT-1d agonist used for migraine headaches

Back 20

Sumatriptan, naratriptan, and rizatriptan

Front 21

Triptan available in parenteral and nasal formulation

Back 21

Sumatriptan

Front 22

H1 blocker that is also a serotonin antagonist

Back 22

Cyproheptadine

Front 23

Agents for reduction of postpartum bleeding

Back 23

Oxytocin, ergonovine and ergotamine

Front 24

Agents used in treatment of carcinoid tumor

Back 24

Ketanserin cyproheptadine, and phenoxybenzamine

Front 25

5HT-3 antagonist used in chemotherapeutic induced emesis

Back 25

Ondansetron, granisetron, dolasetron and alosetron

Front 26

5HT-3 antagonist that has been associated with QRS and QTc prolongation and should not be used in patients with heart disease

Back 26

Dolasetron

Front 27

DOC to treat chemo-induced nausea and vomiting

Back 27

Odansetron

Front 28

Drug used in ergot alkaloids overdose, ischemia and gangrene

Back 28

Nitroprusside

Front 29

Reason ergot alkaloids are contraindicated in pregnancy

Back 29

Uterine contractions

Front 30

SE of ergot alkaloids

Back 30

Hallucinations resembling psychosis

Front 31

Ergot alkaloid used as an illicit drug

Back 31

LSD

Front 32

Dopamine agonist used in hyperprolactinemia

Back 32

Bromocriptine

Front 33

Peptide causing increased capillary permeability and edema

Back 33

Bradykinin and histamine

Front 34

Mediator of tissue pain, edema, inactivated by ACE, and may be a contributing factor to the development of angioedema

Back 34

Bradykinin

Front 35

Drug causing depletion of substance P (vasodilator)

Back 35

Capsaicin

Front 36

Prostaglandins that cause abortions

Back 36

Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) PGE2, and PGF2alpha

Front 37

Difference between COX 1 and COX 2

Back 37

COX 1 is found throughout the body and COX 2 is only in inflammatory tissue

Front 38

Drug that selectively inhibits COX 2

Back 38

Celecoxib and rofecoxib

Front 39

Inhibitor of lipoxygenase

Back 39

Zileuton

Front 40

Major SE of zileuton

Back 40

Liver toxicity

Front 41

Inhibitor of leukotrienes (LTD4) receptors and used in asthma

Back 41

Zafirlukast and montelukast

Front 42

Used in pediatrics to maintain patency of ductus arteriosis

Back 42

PGE1

Front 43

Approved for use in severe pulmonary HTN

Back 43

PGI2 (epoprostenol)

Front 44

Prostaglandin used in the treatment of impotence

Back 44

Alprostadil

Front 45

Irreversible, nonselective COX inhibitor

Back 45

Aspirin

Front 46

Class of drugs that reversibly inhibit COX

Back 46

NSAIDS

Front 47

Primary endogenous substrate for Nitric Oxidase Synthase

Back 47

Arginine

Front 48

MOA and effect of nitric oxide

Back 48

Stimulates cGMP which leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation

Front 49

Long acting beta 2 agonist used in asthma

Back 49

Salmeterol, formoterol

Front 50

Muscarinic antagonist used in asthma

Back 50

Ipratropium

Front 51

MOA action of cromolyn

Back 51

Mast cell stabilizer

Front 52

Methylxanthine derivative used as a remedy for intermittent claudication

Back 52

Pentoxifylline

Front 53

MOA of corticosteroids

Back 53

inhibit phospholipase A2

Front 54

SE of long term corticosteroid therapy and remedy

Back 54

Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly, respectively

Front 55

Antimicrobials

Front 56

MOA of quinolones

Back 56

Inhibit DNA gyrase

Front 57

MOA of penicillin

Back 57

Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan cross-linkage

Front 58

Drug used for MRSA

Back 58

Vancomycin

Front 59

Vancomycin MOA

Back 59

Blocks cell wall synthesis by sequestration

Front 60

Genetic basis of low level resistance found with vancomycin

Back 60

Point mutation

Front 61

Meningitis prophylaxis for persons in contact with patients

Back 61

Ciprofloxacin or Rifampin (for children less than 4 yrs old)

Front 62

Technique used to diagnose perianal itching, and the drug used to treat it

Back 62

Scotch tape technique and mebendazole

Front 63

Two toxicities of aminoglycosides

Back 63

nephro and ototoxicity

Front 64

DOC for Legionnaires' disease

Back 64

Moxifloxacin

Front 65

MOA of sulfonamides

Back 65

Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase

Front 66

Penicillins active against penicillinase secreting bacteria

Back 66

Methicillin, nafcillin, and dicloxacillin

Front 67

Cheap wide spectrum antibiotic DOC for otitis media

Back 67

Amoxicillin

Front 68

Class of antibiotics that have 10% cross sensitivity with penicillins

Back 68

Cephalosporins

Front 69

PCN active against pseudomonas

Back 69

ceftazidime, imipenem, piperacillin and ticarcillin

Front 70

Antibiotic causing red-man syndrome, and prevention

Back 70

Vancomycin, infusion at a slow rate and antihistamines

Front 71

Drug causes teeth discoloration

Back 71

Tetracycline

Front 72

MOA of tetracycline

Back 72

Decreases protein synthesis by inhibiting 30S ribosome

Front 73

Drug that causes gray baby syndrome and aplastic anemia

Back 73

Chloramphenicol

Front 74

Drug notorious for causing pseudomembranous colitis

Back 74

Clindamycin

Front 75

DOC for tx of pseudomembranous colitis (mild)

Back 75

Metronidazole

Front 76

Treatment of severe/relapsing pseudomembranous colitis

Back 76

ORAL vancomycin

Front 77

Anemia caused by trimethoprim

Back 77

Megaloblastic anemia

Front 78

Reason fluoroquinolones are contraindicated in children and pregnancy

Back 78

Cartilage damage

Front 79

DOC for giardia, bacterial vaginosis, and trichomonas

Back 79

Metronidazole

Front 80

Treatment for TB patients (think RIPE)

Back 80

R ifampin, I soniazid, P yrazinamide, and E thambutol

Front 81

Metronidazole SE if given with alcohol

Back 81

Disulfiram-like reaction

Front 82

Common side effect of Rifampin

Back 82

Red urine discoloration

Front 83

MOA of nystatin

Back 83

Bind ergosterol in fungal cell membrane

Front 84

Neurotoxicity with isoniazid (INH) prevented by

Back 84

Administration of Vit. B6 (pyridoxine)

Front 85

Toxicity of amphotericin

Back 85

Nephrotoxicity

Front 86

SE seen only in men with administration of ketoconazole

Back 86

Gynecomastia

Front 87

Topical DOC in impetigo

Back 87

Topical mupirocin (Bactroban)

Front 88

Drug used for African sleeping sickness

Back 88

Suramin

Front 89

Drug used in Chagas disease

Back 89

Nifurtimox

Front 90

Cephalosporins able to cross the BBB

Back 90

Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone or Cefotaxime

Front 91

Oral 3rd generation cephalosporins NOT able to cross the BBB

Back 91

Cefixime

Front 92

Drug used for N. gonorrhea in females

Back 92

Ceftriaxone

Front 93

Cephalosporin causes kernicterus in neonates

Back 93

Ceftriaxone or cefuroxime

Front 94

SE of INH

Back 94

Peripheral neuritis and hepatitis

Front 95

Aminoglycoside that is least ototoxic

Back 95

Streptomycin

Front 96

Drug used in exoerythrocytic cycle of malaria

Back 96

Primaquine

Front 97

Oral antibiotic of choice for moderate inflammatory acne

Back 97

Minocycline

Front 98

Drug of choice for leprosy

Back 98

Dapsone, rifampin and clofazimine combination

Front 99

DOC for herpes and its MOA

Back 99

Acyclovir; phosphorylation, incorporation into viral DNA, and chain termination

Front 100

Anti-bacterials that cause hemolysis in G6PD- deficient patients

Back 100

Sulfonamides

Front 101

MOA of erythromycin

Back 101

Inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50s subunit of ribosome

Front 102

Anti-biotic frequently used for chronic UTI prophylaxis

Back 102

sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim

Front 103

Lactams that can be used in PCN allergic patients

Back 103

Aztreonam/carbapenems

Front 104

SE of imipenem

Back 104

Seizures

Front 105

Antiviral Agents

Front 106

DOC for influenza A

Back 106

Oseltamivir

Front 107

DOC for severe RSV

Back 107

Ribavirin

Front 108

DOC for CMV retinitis

Back 108

Ganciclovir, valganciclovir

Front 109

SE for ganciclovir

Back 109

myelosuppression

Front 110

Anti-viral agent associated with Stephen Johnson syndrome

Back 110

Nevirapine

Front 111

HIV antiviral class known to have severe drug interactions by causing inhibition of metabolism

Back 111

Protease inhibitors

Front 112

Protease inhibitors recommended for pregnant women

Back 112

lopinavir, ritonavir, atazanavir

Front 113

Antivirals that are teratogens

Back 113

Delavirdine, efavirenz, and ribavirin

Front 114

Single dose used to prevent perinatal transmission of HIV

Back 114

Nevirapine

Front 115

Anti-viral with a dose limiting toxicity of pancreatitis

Back 115

Didanosine

Front 116

Anti-HSV/VZV agent that causes thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura/hemolytic uremic syndrome in high doses

Back 116

Valacyclovir

Front 117

Intravenous drug effective for end-organ CMV disease (retinitis, colitis, esophagitis)

Back 117

Foscarnet

Front 118

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor that can cause fatal hypersensitivity reactions linked to HLDB5701

Back 118

Abacavir

Front 119

Polymerase inhibitor used to treat Hepatitis C infections in combination with ribavarin

Back 119

Sofosbuvir

Front 120

Protease inhibitors used to treat Hepatitis C infections

Back 120

Boceprevir, Simeprevir, Telaprevir