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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Motor to arms, hands, face, and left Broca's
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MCA Superior
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Hearing, olfaction, left Wernicke's
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MCA Inferior
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Lenticulo straie lost; arteries are ok
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MCA deep results in what?
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Limbic
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ACA Pericollosal
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Leg, knee, trunk
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ACA Collosomarginal
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Vision, memory
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PCA
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Smile, raise arms, speak simple sentences
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Warning signs of ischemia - Neurological deficit in 10 minutes
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Small clot which dissolves, thrombus, vasospasm
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Transient Ischemic Attack
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Neurological deficit, headache, possible seizures
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Signs of stroke
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Involves hematomas
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Hemorrhagic stroke
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Ischemic and embolic
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Two types of Ischemic strokes - Inactive patient, stationary clot, gradual symptoms usually in the morning when BP is low
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Deficits in same distribution with repeated attacks
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Thrombic stroke - Maximum deficit at onset
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Sudden, usually with exercise, repeat events occur in different locations
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Embolic Stroke
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Vascular changes, basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum (lenticulosteines)
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Hypertensive Stroke - ACA, MCA - Opthalmic (blind in one eye) - Atherosclerosis
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May be revealed by bruit
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Carotid Artery Stenosis
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Which form of stroke may be revealed by bruit?
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Carotid Artery Stenosis Stroke
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4 segments of the ICA
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cervical
petrous cavernous supraclinoid |
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cavernous ICA includes ___
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carotid siphon
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5 branches of supraclinoid ICA
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ophthalmic
PComm anterior choroidal ACA MCA |
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2 branches of ACA
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pericallosal
callosomarginal |
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pericallosal a. runs along ___
callosomarginal runs along ___ |
corpus callosum
cingulate sulcus |
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basal ganglia and internal capsule are perfused by ___ branches of ___ (3)
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penetrating
ACA MCA PCA |
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___ is the main penetrating branch of ACA
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recurrent a. of Heubner
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recurrent a. of Heubner perfuses parts of ___ (4)
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head of caudate
ant. putamen GP internal capsule |
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anterior choroidal perfuses parts of ___ (4)
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GP
putamen thalamus posterior limb of internal capsule |
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penetrating branches of MCA are called ___
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lenticulostriate a.s
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lenticulostriate a.s perfuse ___ (4)
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caudate body
internal capsule putamen GP |
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penetrating branches of PCA are called ___ or ___ a.s
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thalamoperferator
thalamogeniculate |
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L MCA superior branch occlusion presents with ___ (3) and sometimes ___ (2)
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Broca’s aphasia
R face weakness R arm weakness R face cortical hypesthesia R arm cortical hypesthesia |
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L MCA inferior branch occlusion presents with ___ (2) and sometimes ___
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Wernicke’s aphasia
R hemianopia R face cortical hypesthesia R arm cortical hypesthesia |
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L MCA deep branch occlusion presents with ___
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R pure motor hemiparesis
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R MCA superior branch occlusion presents with ___ (2) and possibly ___
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L face weakness
L arm weakness L hemineglect |
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R MCA inferior branch occlusion presents with ___ and possibly ___ (4)
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severe L hemineglect
L field cut L sensory deficit L motor neglect with strength intact R gaze preference |
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R MCA deep branch occlusion presents with ___
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L pure motor hemiparesis
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L ACA occlusion presents with ___ (2) and possibly ___ (2)
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R leg weakness
R leg cortical hypesthesia frontal release signs transcortical aphasia |
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R ACA occlusion presents with ___ (2) and possibly
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L leg weakness
L leg cortical hypesthesia frontal release signs L hemineglect |
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L PCA occlusion presents with ___ and possibly ___ (4)
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R homonymous hemianopia
alexia without agraphia aphasia R hemisensory loss R hemiparesis |
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alexia without agraphia occurs from ___ infarction
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splenium of corpus callosum
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infarction of L thalamus can result from ___ and cause ___ (3)
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aphasia
R hemisensory loss R hemiparesis |
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occlusion of R PCA presents with ___ and possibly ___ (2) if it involves ___ (2)
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L homonymous hemianopia
L hemisensory loss L hemiparesis thalamus internal capsule |
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frontal lobe sx associated with ACA occlusion
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apraxia
abulia grasp reflex incontinence |
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ACA occlusion involving SMA can cause ___
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alien hand syndrome
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alien hand syndrome means ___
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semiautomatic involuntary movements
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dominant ACA occlusion can present with ___
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transcortical motor aphasia
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in transcortical motor aphasia ___ is impaired but ___ (2) is intact
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speech production
language comprehension repetition |
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5 lacunar syndromes idoof
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pure motor hemiparesis or dysarthria hemiparesis
ataxic hemiparesis dysarthria/clumsy hand pure sensory sensorimotor |
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pure motor hemiparesis localizes to ___ (4)
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corona radiata
posterior limb of internal capsule basis pedunculi basis pontis |
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posterior limb of internal capsule is perfused by ___ (3)
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lenticulostriate a.s
ant choroidal a. perforating branches of PCA |
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ventral pons is perfused by ___
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ventral penetrating branches of basilar a.
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corona radiata is perfused by ___
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MCA
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cerebral peduncle is perfused by ___
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PCA
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ataxic hemiparesis localizes to ___ (4)
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corona radiata
post limb of internal capsule basis pedunculi basis pontis |
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pure sensory stroke localizes to ___
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VPLN
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VPLN is perfused by ___
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PCA thalamoperforator branches
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sensorimotor stroke localizes to ____ and one of ___ (2)
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posterior limb of internal capsule
VPLN thalamic somatosensory radiation |
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headache occurs in ___% of ischemic stroke
it is usually ___lateral to infarct |
25-30
ipsi |
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carotid stenosis is associated with infarctions in ___ (3) territories
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MCA
ACA ophthalmic a. |
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2 kinds of intracranial venous drainage
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superficial
deep |
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superficial intracranial veins drain into ___ (2)
deep veins drain into ___ |
SSS
cavernous sinus GVG |
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cavernous sinus drains into ___ (2)
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transverse sinus
internal jugular |
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cavernous sinus drains into transverse sinus via ___
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superior petrosal sinus
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cavernous sinus drains into internal jugular via ___
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inferior petrosal sinus
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___ vein runs in sylvian fissure
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deep middle cerebral
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deep middle cerebral vein joins ___ to become ___
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anterior cerebral vein
basal vein of Rosenthal |
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basal v. of Rosenthal joins ___ (2) to become ___
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internal cerebral veins
contralateral basal v. of Rosenthal GVG |
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veins running over convexity of brain are called ___
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cortical veins
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cortical vein running over sylvian fissure is ___
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superficial middle cerebral vein
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superficial MCV drains into ___
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cavernous sinus
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___ connects superficial MCV with SSS
___ connects it with transverse sinus |
superior anastomotic vein of Trolard
inferior anatomotic vein of Labbe |
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homonymous hemianopia without other deficits localizes to ___
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1' visual cortex
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if carotid doppler shows no flow, ___ is indicated
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angiogram to distinguish stenosis from occlusion
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