Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is cell theory? |
The theory that: All living organisms are composed of one or more cells, that the cell is the basic unit of structure and organization, and that all cells arise only from pre-existing cells |
|
|
What are the universal similarities between cells? |
DNA as the heritable material, RNA as an intermediary or messenger, proteins as the workers, ATP as an energy source, and major cellular organelles with their own functions and arrangements |
|
|
What is the cytoplasm? |
Everything inside the plasma membrane including the organelles, but not including the nucleus |
|
|
Describe the cytoplasm |
Consists of a fluid portion called cytoplasm, which is water plus dissolved and suspended substances |
|
|
What are the major parts of the cell? |
Endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane, nucleus, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondrion |
|
|
What is the plasma membrane? |
The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable barrier controlling the passage of substances in and out of the cell |
|
|
Describe the plasma membrane |
A double layer of phospholipids with embedded proteins, with fats in cell membrane (hydrophobic) providing a barrier to water. A physical barrier |
|
|
What is a phospholipid? |
A hydrophilic polar head (phosphate) with a hydrophobic lipid tail (fatty acid). Is arranged as a double layer around cytoplasm, tail to tail |
|
|
What are the plasma membrane proteins? |
Membrane proteins that mediate the movement of hydrophilic substances. Often have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions (amphipathic) |
|
|
What are the types of plasma membrane proteins? |
Integral proteins: embedded into the membrane
Transmembrane proteins: integral membrane proteins that fully span the entire membrane, contact extracellular and cytoplasmic areas
Peripheral membrane proteins: associated with the membrane, but not actually embedded in it |
|
|
What do plasma membranes do? |
Transport molecules, carry out enzymatic activity, and signal transduction / information to interior |
