Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Association
|
allows you to predict behavior
pets- can opener and come to be fed |
|
Pavlov
|
father of classical conditioning, physiologist discovered it by mistake
|
|
Unconditional stimulus
|
US, automatically elicits response
ex. food presented |
|
Unconditional response
|
response to the US
ex: salivation |
|
Conditional stimulus
|
CS, neutral stimulus until paired with US, ex. tone
|
|
Conditional response
|
response to the CS, ex: salivation
|
|
UR & CR, identical?
|
Don't always have to be. The intensity of response can change
example: Little Albert, fear was exhibited in different ways |
|
Conditioned Suppression Paradigm
(conditioned emotional response) |
measures fear indirectly by...
1. measuring the supression of ongoing behavior (train said behavior, such as bar press) 2. pair CS with an aversive US tone + shock 3. Measure suppression of bar pressing, or whatever ongoing behavior |
|
Conditioned Taste Aversion
|
CS - flavor
US - feeling of being sick UR - aversion CR - aversion to flavor |
|
neophobia
|
fear of new things, organisms and humans have this with flavor
|
|
CTA and CS and US
|
with taste aversion, CS and US have to be paired closely in time
this can pass from mother to rats and also subconsciously |
|
Excitatory Classical Conditioning
|
the CS activates behavior
|
|
Conditional trial
|
one CS-US pairing
|
|
Intertrial interval (ITI)
|
time between trial
|
|
Interstimulus interval (ISI)
|
time between CS-US presentation
|
|
Short delayed conditioning
|
CS is presented right before the US ( US is presented at the end of CS)
Best Results |
|
Trace conditioning
|
CS is presented before US, there is some time in between the two
Good results, but how well it works depends on trace length |
|
Long delayed conditioning
|
CS happens for a long time, and then US is presented at the end
not as effective, inhibition of delay makes it confusing |
|
simultaneous conditioning
|
happen at the same time, CS US
don't know what is causing what, so its not that effective |
|
Backward Conditioning
|
the US is presented before the CS
this yields the worst results |
|
Random control procedure
|
control group = CS and US unpaired (randomly)
Explicitly unpaired controls = Cs and US is explicitly unpaired |
|
Latent Inhibition
|
pre-exposure to the CS retards conditioning
|
|
Inhibitory Conditioning
|
CS predicts the absence of US
Dog - US rain - CS dog inside when it's raining ex: don't get bullied when the teacher is around so teacher gets called the inhibitor |
|
Conditioned Inhibitory
|
CS that predicts absence of US
|
|
Standard procedure for conditioned inhibition
|
LOOK AT PAGE 91
|
|
extinction
|
repeatedly present CS without the US repeatedly
|
|
response blocking
|
not allowing the subject to avoid
-with fear conditioning |
|
habituation and extinction
|
similar but not identical
differences: extinction is where response was conditioned, habituation was when the response was elicited reflexively similarities - both occur because of repeated exposure to an eliciting stimulus |
|
Spontaneous Recovery
|
passage of time leads to temporary recovery of CR
this supports that extinction is not "unlearning" of the CS-US |
|
disinhibition
|
novel extraneous stimulus will cause temporary recovery of responding
|
|
What is actually learned in extinction?
|
Pavlov argued that during extinction CS acquires inhibitory proprties
|
|
Evidence against Pavlov
|
1. extinguished CSs don't elicit "opposite' responses in bidirectional response systems like CS-
2. extinguished responses are "relearned" more quickly 3. extinguished CS does not inhibit CR, elicited by a CS+ in a compound test like CS- does |