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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition of Public Law
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Public law means laws which affect the interactions between the State and its citizens. Such as constitutional law, administrative law, criminal law or about human rights.
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Definition of Private Law
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Private law is about how individuals interact with one another in specific situations. Such as business law, family law and in civil wrongs such as negligence.
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Definition of Criminal Law
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Criminal law is made up of rules about offences which the state considers to be so important that they are said to be actions against the State as a whole.
The state through institutions including the Police service, the Crown Prosecution Service and the Courts and Prison Service brings the person to a criminal court to answer the charge. |
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Definition of Civil Law
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Civil law is made up of rules about how individuals interact with one another in situations where an individual could bring a court case against them.
Some actions can break both civil and criminal laws such as chatting on a mobile phone while driving and crashing in to somebody. You would be breaking both criminal and civil law (negligence). |
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Criminal law is about interactions between.....
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The State and its citizens
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Civil law is about interactions between.....
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Individuals
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The purpose of Criminal law is.....
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To punish offenders
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The purpose of Civil law is.....
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To put right wrongs against individuals
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The name of the parties in a Criminal court case are.....
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R v Defendant
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The name of the parties in a Civil court case are.....
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Claimant v Defendant
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The process of Criminal law is.....
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The State prosecutes
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The process of Civil law is.....
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The Claimant sues
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Criminal law cases are usually heard in which two courts?
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The Magistrates Court or the Crown Court.
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Civil law cases are usually heard in which two courts?
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The County Court or the High Court.
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The verdict in a Criminal trial is.....
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A person is found guilty or not guilty.
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The verdict in a Civil trial is.....
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A defendant is liable or not liable.
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The burden of proof in Criminal law is.....
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Beyond reasonable doubt (current test = if the jury is certain)
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The burden of proof in Civil law is.....
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On the balance of probabilities.
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The outcome in a Criminal case is.....
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A punishment if guilty.
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The outcome in a Civil case is.....
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A remedy for the claimant
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Examples of crimes that fall under criminal law are.....
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Murder and theft
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Examples of areas of law that fall under civil law are.....
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Tort and family law
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The Supreme Court (formerly the House of Lords)
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Hears only appeals about aspects of law
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Court of Appeal
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Civil and Criminal divisions hear appeals.
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High Court
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Hears mostly high value/complex civil cases
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Crown Court
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Hears serious criminal cases
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County Court
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Hears lower value/less complex civil cases
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Magistrates Court
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Hears mostly less serious criminal cases
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What does R stand for in R v Defendant?
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Regina (the Queen) in whose name the prosecution is brought.
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Who is a Claimant?
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A person bringing a civil case.
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What is Tort?
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A civil wrong such as negligence, nuisance and trespass.
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Name the two courts of first instance for criminal trials.
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Magistrates Court and Crown Court.
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Name the two courts of first instance for civil trials.
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County Court and High Court.
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What are the two major appeal courts in the UK?
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The court of Appeal and the Supreme Court.
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