• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/47

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

47 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Bolts vs. Screws

The distinction between a bolt and a screw is usually unclear and misunderstood. There are several practical differences, but most have some degree of overlap between bolts and screws.The defining distinction, per Machinery's Handbook, is in their intended purpose: Bolts are for the assembly of two unthreaded components, with the aid of a nut. Screws in contrast are used with components that have at least one containing its own thread.Many screws and bolts can be either, depending on how they are used.Bolts are often used to make a bolted joint. This is a combination of the nut applying an axial clamping force and also the shank of the bolt acting as a dowel, pinning the joint against sideways shear forces. For this reason, many bolts have a plain unthreaded shank as this makes for a better dowel. The presence of the unthreaded shank has often been given as characteristic of bolts vs. screws, but this is coincidental rather than defining.Where a fastener is used with a nut, it is a bolt rather than a screw. Where a fastener forms its own thread in the component being fastened, it is a screw. This is most obviously so when the thread is tapered (i.e. traditional wood screws), precluding the use of a nut. A screw must always be turned to assemble the joint. Many bolts are held fixed in place during assembly, either by a tool or by a design of non-rotating bolt, such as a carriage bolt, and only their nut is turned.

Carriage Bolt Assembly
Threaded fasteners with a bolt that has a rounded, dome-shaped head. The bolt has a square neck that extends from the head towards the threads. A regular hex nut or wing nut allows the assembly to hold the components together. This assembly can be...
Threaded fasteners with a bolt that has a rounded, dome-shaped head. The bolt has a square neck that extends from the head towards the threads. A regular hex nut or wing nut allows the assembly to hold the components together. This assembly can be tightened with just one wrench.

Carriage bolt assemblies are commonly used in carpentry and construction; they are well-suited for fastening two structural wood pieces together, especially when extra strength is required. The square neck sinks into the wood as the fastener is tightened, preventing the bolt from turning and countersinking the bolt head at the same time.

Eye Bolt
An eye bolt is a screw with a loop on one end and threads on the other end. Eye bolts are commonly used to attach cables to objects, for instance attaching a string to the back of a painting to allow the painting to hang from a nail on a wall.

Ey...
An eye bolt is a screw with a loop on one end and threads on the other end. Eye bolts are commonly used to attach cables to objects, for instance attaching a string to the back of a painting to allow the painting to hang from a nail on a wall.

Eye bolts made by bending a rod or wire into a loop are only suitable for light duty applications, as heavy loads can cause the eye to open. For high loads, eye bolts with forged or welded loops should be chosen, as they can withstand loads up to the tensile strength of the material of which they are made.
J-Bolt Assembly
see anchor bolts

Usually sunk into concrete allowing it to be used as an anchor bolt
see anchor bolts

Usually sunk into concrete allowing it to be used as an anchor bolt
Anchor bolt
An anchor bolt is used to attach objects or structures to concrete. There are many types of anchor bolts, consisting of designs that are mostly proprietary to the manufacturing companies. All consist of a threaded end, to which a nut and washer can be attached for the external load.
L-shaped Anchor Bolt Assembly
see anchor bolts
Lag Bolt
Lag-bolt heads are meant to be driven with a wrench or a ratchet and socket. Before driving a lag bolt, pre-drill a pilot hole about two-thirds the bolt’s length using a drill bit that is 1/8 inch smaller than the lag bolt’s shank. Slide a was...
Lag-bolt heads are meant to be driven with a wrench or a ratchet and socket. Before driving a lag bolt, pre-drill a pilot hole about two-thirds the bolt’s length using a drill bit that is 1/8 inch smaller than the lag bolt’s shank. Slide a washer onto the lag bolt before driving it in.
Lag Bolt with Expansion Shield
The term expansion shield is used to describe a masonry anchor that requires the use of a bolt, lag screw or setting tool to expand the anchor once it is placed in a hole in the base material.   Other than epoxy type and concrete screws, all other...
The term expansion shield is used to describe a masonry anchor that requires the use of a bolt, lag screw or setting tool to expand the anchor once it is placed in a hole in the base material. Other than epoxy type and concrete screws, all other concrete fasteners use expansion as a means by which their holding values are derived
Lag Bolt with Fiber Plug
The Fiberplug is a jute fiber screw style anchor designed for use in concrete, block, brick, and stone.The Fiberplug is an anchor designed for use with wood,
sheet metal, and lag screws. It is formed of braided jute fiber which is bound into a tubular shape. A lead lining on the sheet metal and wood screw sizes
makes it possible for the screw to reproduce its own thread, and keeps the jute fibers from being cut by the screw.
Lag Bolt with Lead Shield
Lag shields are medium-duty anchors which expand to fill the area of the pre-drilled hole when a lag screw is tightened into the shield. Extra-long sizes are for use in mortar or brick. Standard lengths are intended for use in concrete. They can be used in solid or hollow material and are more resistant to temperature fluctuations and rust than other light-duty anchors
Machine Bolt Assembly
A machine bolt, also known as a hex bolt, is a square or hexagonal head. The body or nut of the machine bolt consists of threading and a smooth shoulder; however, shorter bolts may be fully threaded.
A machine bolt, also known as a hex bolt, is a square or hexagonal head. The body or nut of the machine bolt consists of threading and a smooth shoulder; however, shorter bolts may be fully threaded.
Machine Bolt with Expansion Shield
xxx
Toggle Bolt Assembly
A toggle bolt is a two-part fixture consisting of a bolt and spring-loaded “toggle wings” that pop open on the backside of the wall material, providing a sound anchor for tightening the bolt.
A toggle bolt is a two-part fixture consisting of a bolt and spring-loaded “toggle wings” that pop open on the backside of the wall material, providing a sound anchor for tightening the bolt.
Threaded Rod Assembly
A threaded rod, also known as a stud, is a relatively long rod that is threaded on both ends; the thread may extend along the complete length of the rod. They are designed to be used in tension.
A threaded rod, also known as a stud, is a relatively long rod that is threaded on both ends; the thread may extend along the complete length of the rod. They are designed to be used in tension.
Cement Nail (Concrete Nail is more accurate name)
They are nails that are specifically designed to be driven into concrete. Because most nails are not strong enough to penetrate such a hard surface and would bend, there is a need for these types of nails for various applications. One of the commo...
They are nails that are specifically designed to be driven into concrete. Because most nails are not strong enough to penetrate such a hard surface and would bend, there is a need for these types of nails for various applications. One of the common uses for cement nails is to tack down flooring materials installed on a concrete slab.
Common Nail
Used for most medium to heavy construction work, this type of nail has a thick head and can be driven into tough materials. Common nails are made from wire and cut to the proper length and are available in sizes 2d through 60d.  (60d nails are 9"...
Used for most medium to heavy construction work, this type of nail has a thick head and can be driven into tough materials. Common nails are made from wire and cut to the proper length and are available in sizes 2d through 60d. (60d nails are 9" long)
Finish Nail
A wire nail that has a head only slightly larger than the shank; can be easily concealed by countersinking the nail slightly below the finished surface with a nail-set and filling the resulting void with a filler (putty, spackle, caulk, etc.
A wire nail that has a head only slightly larger than the shank; can be easily concealed by countersinking the nail slightly below the finished surface with a nail-set and filling the resulting void with a filler (putty, spackle, caulk, etc.
Hook Nail
xxxx
Machine Screw
These fasteners are often used with nuts as well as often driven into tapped holes. They might be considered a screw or a bolt based on the Machinery's Handbook distinction. In practice, they tend to be mostly available in smaller sizes and the smaller sizes are referred to as screws or less ambiguously as machine screws, although some kinds of machine screws can be referred to as stove bolts.
Masonry Nail
same as cement or concrete nails
Wood Screw
A metal screw that tapers to a point so that it can be driven into wood by a screwdriver.
A metal screw that tapers to a point so that it can be driven into wood by a screwdriver.
Spike
xxx
Joist Hanger
A pre-manufactured metal piece typically attached to a ledger or beam to support a joist. Joist hangers should be galvanized.
A pre-manufactured metal piece typically attached to a ledger or beam to support a joist. Joist hangers should be galvanized.
Post Anchor
A metal piece attached to or imbedded in the footing that attaches the post to the footing and keeps the post from being exposed to moisture in the ground.
A metal piece attached to or imbedded in the footing that attaches the post to the footing and keeps the post from being exposed to moisture in the ground.
Post Tie Plates
Used as an alternative to Post Caps for light duty applications.The design is for installation on existing beam connections or where a post cap cannot be used.
Used as an alternative to Post Caps for light duty applications.The design is for installation on existing beam connections or where a post cap cannot be used.
Post Cap Ties
Allows for the connection of 2-2x's to a 4x post or 3-2x's to a 6x post. Double-shear nailing between beam and post gives added strength
Allows for the connection of 2-2x's to a 4x post or 3-2x's to a 6x post. Double-shear nailing between beam and post gives added strength
Strap
Metal straps are used to secure and reinforce connections between structural members — beams, posts, joists — during the construction process. Straps may also be referred to as structural ties or plates. Straps are typically flat pieces of met...
Metal straps are used to secure and reinforce connections between structural members — beams, posts, joists — during the construction process. Straps may also be referred to as structural ties or plates. Straps are typically flat pieces of metal with holes bored through to aid fastening with bolts or lag screws. Straps can be used in a number of situations and may be shaped and labeled accordingly. For instance, a T strap is used at a T-shaped intersection where two or three pieces of lumber come together. The strap is also shaped in the form of a T to support and reinforce the connection. Straps are made in straight, L and T shapes.
Hanger
A hanger is a U-shaped structural hardware item used to attach joists to girders. The hanger slips under the joist and fits into the 90 degree angle between the joist and the girder or beam. The hangers come prepunched with nail holes for proper s...
A hanger is a U-shaped structural hardware item used to attach joists to girders. The hanger slips under the joist and fits into the 90 degree angle between the joist and the girder or beam. The hangers come prepunched with nail holes for proper securing of the hanger — a galvanized joist hanger nail is the correct nail to use on a joist hanger.
Plate Anchor
Anchors are designed to stabilize cracking and bowed foundation walls. Wall plate anchors secure basement and retaining walls that bowing, leaning or cracking due to excessive outside soil pressure. This hydrostatic pressure is the result of water...
Anchors are designed to stabilize cracking and bowed foundation walls. Wall plate anchors secure basement and retaining walls that bowing, leaning or cracking due to excessive outside soil pressure. This hydrostatic pressure is the result of water buildup in the soils surrounding your home. Once the pressure has exceeded the original design strength of the wall you will see cracking followed by leaning or bowing of basement walls.
Construction Adhesive
Usually extruded out of a tube, used for big jobs like fastening plywood to floor joints or paneling to drywall.
Usually extruded out of a tube, used for big jobs like fastening plywood to floor joints or paneling to drywall.
Drive Anchor
Made of high-strength spring steel or of aluminum with a stainless steel pin for use in hard materials. The anchor is driven into a hole where it is compressed and forced against the walls of the hole.
Made of high-strength spring steel or of aluminum with a stainless steel pin for use in hard materials. The anchor is driven into a hole where it is compressed and forced against the walls of the hole.
Duct Tape
Is cloth- or scrim-backed pressure sensitive tape often coated with polyethylene. There are a variety of constructions using different backings and adhesives. One variation is gaffer tape designed to be cleanly removed, while duct tape is not. Ano...
Is cloth- or scrim-backed pressure sensitive tape often coated with polyethylene. There are a variety of constructions using different backings and adhesives. One variation is gaffer tape designed to be cleanly removed, while duct tape is not. Another variation is heat-resistant duct tape useful for sealing heating and ventilation (HVAC) ducts, produced because standard duct tape fails quickly when used on heating ducts. Duct tape is generally silver or black but also available in other colors.
Epoxy
A term used to denote both the basic components and the cured end products of epoxy resins, as well as a colloquial name for the epoxide functional group. Epoxy resins, also known as polyepoxides are a class of reactive prepolymers and polymers which contain epoxide groups. Epoxy resins may be reacted (cross-linked) either with themselves through catalytic homopolymerisation, or with a wide range of co-reactants including polyfunctional amines, acids (and acid anhydrides), phenols, alcohols and thiols.
Masonry Wall Tie
Used to tie the internal and external walls(or leafs) constructed of bricks or cementatious blocks together. It is placed in the cavity wall during construction and spans the cavity. The ends of the tie are designed to lock into the cement. Also i...
Used to tie the internal and external walls(or leafs) constructed of bricks or cementatious blocks together. It is placed in the cavity wall during construction and spans the cavity. The ends of the tie are designed to lock into the cement. Also incorporated into the design of the tie is means of preventing water transfer from the outer to the inner leafs. In flat ties this can be a twist. In wire ties this can be corrugations formed in the wire or again a twist.

Typically, wall ties perform three primary functions between a wythe of brick and its backing or another wythe of
masonry: 1) provide a connection, 2) transfer lateral loads, 3) permit in-plane movement to accommodate differential
movements and, in some cases, restrain differential movement. In addition to these primary functions, metal ties (as
joint reinforcement) may also be required to serve as horizontal structural reinforcement or provide longitudinal continuity
Mastic
xxx
Mortar
A workable paste used to bind construction blocks together and fill the gaps between them. The blocks may be stone, brick, cinder blocks, etc. Mortar becomes hard when it sets, resulting in a rigid aggregate structure. Modern mortars are typically made from a mixture of sand, a binder such as cement or lime, and water. Mortar can also be used to fix, or point, masonry when the original mortar has washed away.
Rivet
A permanent mechanical fastener. Before being installed a rivet consists of a smooth cylindrical shaft with a head on one end. The end opposite the head is called the buck-tail. On installation the rivet is placed in a punched or drilled hole, and...
A permanent mechanical fastener. Before being installed a rivet consists of a smooth cylindrical shaft with a head on one end. The end opposite the head is called the buck-tail. On installation the rivet is placed in a punched or drilled hole, and the tail is upset, or 'bucked' by the rivet gun so that it expands to about 1.5 times the original shaft diameter, holding the rivet in place. To distinguish between the two ends of the rivet, the original head is called the factory head and the deformed end is called the shop head or buck-tail.
Snap Tie
Concrete form tie, which is factory made and holds the concrete forms in place at a certain distance. The tie can be broken off after the concrete is poured and set and the forms are stripped, so that only a small area must be patched.
Solder
A fusible metal alloy used to join together metal workpieces and having a melting point below that of the workpiece(s).

It is commonly used in electronics and plumbing, and when manually applied is often done so using a soldering iron or soldering gun.
Staple
A type of two-pronged fastener, usually metal, used for joining or binding materials together. Large staples might be used with a hammer or staple gun for masonry, roofing, corrugated boxes and other heavy-duty uses. Smaller staples are used with a stapler to attach pieces of paper together; such staples are a permanent and durable fastener for paper documents, unlike the paper clip.

Construction staples are commonly larger, have a more varied use, and are delivered by a staple gun or hammer tacker. Staple guns do not have backing anvils and are exclusively used for tacking. They typically have staples made from thicker metal. Some staple guns use arched staples for fastening small cables, e.g. phone or cable TV, without damaging the cable.
Z-anchor
Z Anchors are the most conventional and common method of fixing systems used for natural stone installation. With their three-dimensional adjustability, Z anchors allow the quick and easy installation of natural stone slabs both at the horizontal ...
Z Anchors are the most conventional and common method of fixing systems used for natural stone installation. With their three-dimensional adjustability, Z anchors allow the quick and easy installation of natural stone slabs both at the horizontal and vertical joints.
Rebar
Also known as reinforcing steel, is a common steel bar, and is commonly used as a tensioning device in reinforced concrete and reinforced masonry structures holding the concrete in compression. It is usually formed from carbon steel, and is given ridges for better mechanical anchoring into the concrete.

Concrete is a material that is very strong in compression, but relatively weak in tension. To compensate for this imbalance in concrete's behavior, rebar is cast into it to carry the tensile loads. For this purpose, the steel reinforcement of a concrete structure is, conceptually, divided in two types of reinforcement: primary reinforcement and secondary reinforcement. Primary reinforcement refers to the reinforcement steel which is employed specifically to guarantee the necessary resistance needed by the structure to support the design loads. Secondary reinforcement, also known as distribution reinforcement, is employed for durability and aesthe
Fiber Mesh
A fiber material added to the concrete which provides additional strength.
Geosynthetic Reinforcing Grid
A geogrid is geosynthetic material used to reinforce soils and similar materials. Geogrids are commonly used to reinforce retaining walls, as well as subbases or subsoils below roads or structures. Soils pull apart under tension. Compared to soil, geogrids are strong in tension. This fact allows them to transfer forces to a larger area of soil than would otherwise be the case.
Steel Dowel
A dowel is a solid cylindrical rod, usually made of wood, plastic, or metal. In its original manufactured form, a dowel is called a dowel rod.[citation needed] Dowel rods are often cut into short lengths called dowel pins. Dowels are employed in numerous, diverse applications including as axles in toys, detents (e.g., in gymnastics grips), structural reinforcements in cabinet making, and supports for tiered wedding cakes. Other uses include:
As furniture shelf supports
As moveable game pieces (i.e., pegs)
As supports for hanging items such as clothing, key rings, tools, toilet roll dispensers and picture frames
To precisely align two objects in a dowel joint: a hole is bored in both objects and the dowel pin is inserted into the aligned holes
As a core to wrap cable or textiles around
Truss Design Reinforcement
A truss-type reinforcement consists of 2 side-rods welded to a continuous diagonally shaped cross-rod forming a truss design.
A truss-type reinforcement consists of 2 side-rods welded to a continuous diagonally shaped cross-rod forming a truss design.
Welded Wire Mesh (WWM)
A steel reinforcement material in concrete. The mesh is used for replacing the traditional "cut & bend" and placing of steel thermo-mechanical treated bars. The mesh is an electric fusion welded prefabricated reinforcement consisting of a series of parallel longitudinal wires with accurate spacing welded to cross wires at the required spacing. Machines are used to produce the mesh with precise dimensional control. The product results in considerable savings in time, labour and money.