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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Adenectomy
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Surgical removal of a gland.
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Adenohyphysis
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Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
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Adrenal cortex
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Outer section (cortex) of each adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
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Adrenal medulla
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Inner section (medulla) of each adrenal gland; secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
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Adrenocorticotropic
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Pertaining to adrennocorticotropin (ACTH) which stimulates the adrenal cortex.
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Adrenopathy
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Disease of the adrenal glands
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Aldosterone
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A secretion from the adrenal cortex which increases salt (sodium) reabsorption.
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Androgen
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Male hormone secreted by the testes and adrenal cortex.
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Adrenaline
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A secretion from the adrenal medulla that increases heart rate and blood pressure.
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Adrenalectomy
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Surgical removal of the adrenal glands.
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Antidiuretic hormone
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Secretion by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland which increases reabsorption of water by the kidney.
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Calcitonin
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Secretion by the thyroid gland which decreases calcium levels.
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Catecholamines
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Hormone derived by amino acid secreted by the adrenal medulla.
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Corticosteroid
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Hormones/steroids produced by the adrenal cortex (i.e., cortisol, aldosterone, androgens and estrogens).
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Cortisol
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secretion by the adrenal cortex which increases blood sugar (anti-inflammatory and secreted during stress).
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Electrolyte
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Mineral salt in blood and tissues. Necessary for cell function (i.e., potassium, sodium, and calcium)
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Endrocrinologist
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Specialist of the endocrine system.
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Epinephrine
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Secretion from the adrenal medulla which increases heart rate, blood pressure and dilates airways.
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Estradiol
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Estrogen secreted by ovaries.
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Estrogen
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Female hormone secreted by ovaries and adrenal cortex.
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Estrogenic
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Pertaining to female
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Euthyroid
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Normal thyroid.
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Folicle-stimulating hormone
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Secretion by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland which stimulates egg production by the ovaries and sperm by the testes.
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Glucagon
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Secretion by alpha islet cells of the pancreas. Increases blood sugar by conversion of glycogen (starch) into glucose.
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Glucocorticoid
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A steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex (i.e., cortisol, aldosterone, androgens, and estrogens).
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Glycemic
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Pertaining to sugar.
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Glycogen
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An animal starch which the liver can convert to glucose.
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Glycosuria
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A condition where there is sugar in the urine.
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Gonadotropin
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A hormone which acts on the sex glands to stimulate FSH & LH.
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Growth hormone
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Secretion by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland which stimulates bone and soft tissue growth.
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Homeostasis
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Tendancy of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment.
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Hormonal
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Pertining to hormones.
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Hormone
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Substance secreted by endocrine gland, that travels through the blood toa distant organ or gland where it influences the structure of function of that organ or gland.
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Hypercalcemia
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Excessive calcium in the blood.
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Hypocalcemia
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Deficiency of calcium in the blood.
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Hypogonadism
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Difficiency of gonadtropins.
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Hypoinsulinism
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Deficiency of insulin.
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Hypokalemia
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Deficiency of potassium in the blood.
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Hyponatremia
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Deficiency of sodium in the blood.
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Hypophysectomy
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Removal of the pituitary gland.
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Hypophysis
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Pituitary gland
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Hypopituitarism
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Pituitary dwarfism.
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Hypothalamus
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Region of the brain lying below the thalamus and above the pituitary gland.
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Insulin
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Secreted by beta islet cells in pacreas. It lowers blood sugar by transport and conversion of glucose to glycogen (starch).
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Luteinizing hormone
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Secreted by anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. It stimulates ovulation in females and testosterone in males.
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Mineralocorticoid
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Steroid hormone (i.e., aldosterone) secreted by the adrenal cortex to regulate mineral salts and water balance in the body.
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Neurohypohysis
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Posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
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Norepinephrine
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Secreted by adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure.
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Oxytocin
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Pertaining to a hormonal secretion which enables swift, rapid childbirth.
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Pancreas
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An organ behind the stomach which secretes hormones, enzymes and contains exocrine cells.
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Pancreatectomy
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Surgical removal of the pancreas.
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Parathormone
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Secreted by the parathyroid glands; increases blood calcium.
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Parathyroidectomy
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Surgical removal of the parathyroid glands.
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Parathyroid glands
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Four small glands on the posterior of the thyroid gland.
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Pineal gland
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The gland that secretes melatonin which induces sleep and affects mood.
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Pituitary gland
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Hypophysis. The gland located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica (has an anterior and an posterior lobe).
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Polydipsia
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Dehydration causes thirst.
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Progesterone
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A hormone secreted by the ovaries which prepares the uterus for pregnancy.
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Prolactin
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A hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland which causes milk secretion.
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Receptor
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A cellular or nuclear response that binds to a hormone so that a response can be elicited.
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Sella turcica
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Cavity in the skull which contains the pituitary gland.
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Somatotropin
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Growth hormone. Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
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Steroid
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A complex substance related to fats (derived from sterol) and of which many hormones are made.
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Sympathominmetic
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Pertaining to copying/mimicking the effect of the sympathetic nervous system.
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Target tissue
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Cells of an organ that are affected or stimulated by specific hormones.
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Testosterone
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A male hormone secreted by the testes.
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Tetraiodothyronine
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Thyroxine (T4). Secreted by the thyroid gland. Increases cell metabolism.
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Thyroid gland
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Glands located on either side of the neck which secret thyroxine.
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Thyroiditis
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Inflammation of the thyroid gland caused by an bacterial infection, virus or an autoimmune disorder (i.e., Hashimotos Thyroiditis).
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Thyrotropin
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Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
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