Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
168 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
abomin/o
|
abdomen
|
|
acr/o
|
extremities
top extreme point |
|
acu/o
|
sharp
severe sudden |
|
aden/o
|
gland
|
|
adip/o
|
fat
|
|
amni/o
|
amnion (sac surrounding the embryo in the uterus
|
|
angi/o
|
vessel
|
|
arteri/o
|
artery
|
|
arthr/o
|
joint
|
|
axill/o
|
armpit
|
|
bi/o
|
life
|
|
blephar/o
|
eyelid
|
|
bronch/o
|
bronchial tubes
(2 tubes, 1 right @ 1 left, that branch from the trachea to enter the lungs |
|
carcin/o
|
cancer
|
|
cardi/o
|
heart
|
|
chem/o
|
drug/chemical
|
|
chondr/o
|
cartilage
|
|
chron/o
|
time
|
|
col/o
|
colon, large intestine
|
|
cyst/o
|
urinary bladder
|
|
encephal/o
|
brain
|
|
erythr/o
|
red
|
|
hem/o
|
blood
|
|
hepat/o
|
liver
|
|
hydr/o
|
water, fluid
|
|
inguin/o
|
groin
|
|
isch/o
|
to hold back
|
|
lapar/o
|
abdomen, abominal wall
|
|
laryng/o
|
larynx (voice box)
|
|
leuk/o
|
white
|
|
lymph/o
|
lymph
|
|
mamm/o
|
breast
|
|
mast/o
|
breast
|
|
morph/o
|
shape, form
|
|
muc/o
|
mucus
|
|
my/o
|
muscle
|
|
myel/o
|
spinal cord
bone marrow |
|
necr/o
|
death (of cells or whole body)
|
|
nephr/o
|
kidney
|
|
neur/o
|
nerve
|
|
neutr/o
|
neutrophil
(a white blood cell) |
|
nucle/o
|
nucleus
|
|
ophthalm/o
|
eye
|
|
oste/o
|
bone
|
|
ot/o
|
ear
|
|
path/o
|
disease
|
|
peritone/o
|
peritoneum
|
|
phag/o
|
to eat, swallow
|
|
phleb/o
|
vein
|
|
plas/o
|
formation, development
|
|
pleur/o
|
pleura ( membrane surrounding lungs and adjacent to chest wall)
|
|
pneumon/o
|
lungs
|
|
pulmon/o
|
lungs
|
|
radi/o
|
x-rays
|
|
rect/o
|
rectum
|
|
ren/o
|
kidney
|
|
rhin/o
|
nose
|
|
sarc/o
|
flesh
|
|
splen/o
|
spleen
|
|
staphyl/o
|
clusters
|
|
strept/o
|
twisted chains
|
|
thorac/o
|
chest
|
|
thromb/o
|
clot
|
|
tonsill/o
|
tonsils
|
|
Special culture requirements for: Legionella
|
Charcoal yeast extract agar buffered with increased iron and cysteine
|
|
ven/o
|
vein
|
|
-algia
|
pain
|
|
-cele
|
hernia
|
|
-centesis
|
surgical puncture to remove fluid
|
|
-coccus
-cocci |
berry-shaped bacterium
plural: bacteria |
|
-cyte
|
cell
|
|
-dynia
|
pain
|
|
-ectomy
|
excsion, removal, resection
|
|
-emia
|
blood condition
|
|
-genesis
|
condition of producing, forming
|
|
-gram
|
record
|
|
-graph
|
instrument for recording
|
|
-graphy
|
process of recording
|
|
-itis
|
inflammation
|
|
-logy
|
study of
|
|
-lysis
|
breakdown
destruction separation |
|
-malacia
|
softening
|
|
-megaly
|
enlargement
|
|
-oma
|
tumor, mass,
collection of fluid |
|
-opsy
|
to view
|
|
-osis
|
condition, usually abnormal
|
|
-pathy
|
disease condition
|
|
-penia
|
deficiency
|
|
-phobia
|
fear
|
|
-plasia
|
development, formation, growth
|
|
-plasty
|
surgical repair
|
|
-ptosis
|
falling,dropping, prolapse
|
|
-sclerosis
|
hardening
|
|
-scope
|
instrument for visual examination
|
|
-scopy
|
process of visual examination
(w/ an endoscope) |
|
-stasis
|
stopping, controlling
|
|
-stomy
|
opening to form a mouth
(stoma) |
|
-therapy
|
treatment
|
|
-tomy
|
incision, cutting into
|
|
-trophy
|
development, nourishment
|
|
-er
|
one who
|
|
-ia
|
condition
|
|
-ist
|
specialist
|
|
-ole
|
little, small
|
|
-ule
|
little, small
|
|
-um, -ium
|
structure, substance
|
|
-us
|
structure, substance
|
|
-y
|
condition, process
|
|
-ac, iac
-al -ar, ary |
pertaining to
|
|
-eal
-ic, -ical -ous -tic |
pertaining to
|
|
-genic
|
pertaining to producing
produced by, or in |
|
-oid
|
resembling
|
|
-ose
|
pertaining to, full of
|
|
-ous
-tic |
pertaining to
|
|
A protrusion of an organ or the muscular wall of an organ through the cavity that normally contains it
|
hernia
|
|
Occurs when the stomach protrudes upward into the mediastinum through the esophageal opening into the diaphragm
|
hiatal hernia
|
|
Occurs when part of the intestine protrudes downward into the groin region and commonly into the scrotal sac in the male.
|
inguinal hernia
|
|
Occurs when part of the urinary bladder herniates through the vaginal wall as a result of weakness of the pelvic muscles.
|
cystocele hernia
|
|
A protrussion of a portion of the rectum towards the vagina
|
rectocele hernia
|
|
A herniation of the intestines through a weakness in the abdominal wall around the navel occuring in infants at birth
|
Omphalocele hernia
|
|
A sac that surrounds the embryo in the uterus
|
amnion
|
|
Fluid accumulates within the sac and can be withdrawn for analysis. This test can be done between the 12th and 18th weeks of pregnancy.
|
amniocentesis
|
|
A berry-shaped bacterium, grows in twisted chains. One group of streptococci causes such conditions as "strep throat," tonsillitis, rheumatic fever, @ certain kidney ailments
|
streptococcus
|
|
Another group causes infections in teeth, in the sinuses (cavities) of the nose and face, and in the valves of the heart.
|
streptococcus cont.
|
|
Other berry-shaped bacteria, grow in small clusters, like grapes. These lesions may be external (skin abscesses, boils, styes) or internal.
|
Staphylococci
|
|
A collection of pus, white blood cells, and protein that is present at the site of infection.
|
abscess
|
|
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
infection affects the skin, causing "boils" and abscesses. |
MRSA
|
|
Examples of diplococci
(berry-shaped bacteria organized in pairs; dipl/o= 2) |
pneumococci
(pneum/o = lungs) gonococci (gon/o = seed) |
|
Causes bacterial pneumonia
|
Pneumonia
|
|
Invades the reproductive organs, causing gonorrhea
(an STD) |
Gonococci
|
|
Cells made in the bone marrow. they carry oxygen from the lungs through the blood to all body cells.
|
Erythrocytes
|
|
An important protein in erythrocytes, carries the oxygen throught eh blood stream.
|
Hemoglobin
|
|
White blood cells.
|
Leukocytes
|
|
Name the five different kinds of leukocytes
|
Never (neutrophil)
Let (lymphocyte) Monkeys (monocyte) Eat (eosinophil) Bananas (basophil) |
|
Clotting cells.
Tiny fragments of cells formed in the bone marrow and nessesary for blood clotting. |
Thrombocytes or platelets
|
|
What are the 3 leukocytes that are considered granulocytes?
|
Eosinophil
Basophil Neutrophil |
|
What are the 2 leukocytes that are considered agranulocytes or mononuclears?
|
lymphcyte
monocyte |
|
Contain dark-staining granules in their cytoplasm and have a multilobed nucleous. Formed in bone marrow @ has 3 different types.
|
Granulocytes
|
|
granules stain red w/ acidic stain are active and increased in number in allergic conditions such as asthma. 3% of leukocytes are this type.
|
Eosinophils
|
|
(granules stain blue w/ basic stain) The function of these leukocytes is not clear, but the number of these cells increases in the healing phase of inflammation. Less than 1% of leukocytes are these.
|
Basophils
|
|
(granules stain purple with neutral stain) These are important disease-fighting cells. Tehy are phagocytes--they engulf and digest bacteria. They are the most numerous desease -fighting "soldiers" (50% to 60% of leuk. are these type) @ are refered to as "polys" or
polymorphonuclear leuk because of their multilobed nucleus. |
Neutrophils
|
|
eosin/o
|
rosy
|
|
bas/o
|
basic
|
|
phag/o
|
eating, swallowing
|
|
poly
|
many
|
|
morph/o
|
shape
|
|
agranulocytes
|
Mononuclear leukocytes
|
|
spleen. There are 2 types.
|
Mononuclear leukocytes
|
|
They fight disease by producing antibodies, thereby destroying foreign cells. They also may attach directly to foreign cells and destroy them. 2 types of lymphocytes are t cells and B cells. 32% of leuks are these.
|
Lymphocytes
|
|
These (have a very large nucleus) engulf and destroy cellular debris after neutrophils have attacked foreign cells. Monocytes leave the bloodstream @ enter tissues (such as liver and lungs) to become macrophages, which are large phagocytes. They make up 4% of all of these.
|
Monocytes
|
|
The letters g and c are soft when followed by and I or E.
G is hardwhen followed by an O or A Examples laryngitis (lar-in-JI-tis) laryngotomy (la-rin-GOT-o-me) |
FYI
|
|
It is a condition of reduction in the number of erythrocytes or in the amount of hemoglobin in the circulating blood.
|
Anemia
|
|
A severe type of anemia occurs when bone marrow fails to produce not only erythrocytes but leukocytes and thrombocytes.
|
Aplastic Anemia
|
|
Anemias are classified according to the different problems that arrive as blood cells.
|
FYI
|
|
It literally means to hold back blood from part of the body. Tissue that becomes this loses its normal flow of blood and becomes deprived of oxygen. It can be caused by blood clots lodging in a vessel or by the closing off (occlussion) of a vessel with fatty material.
|
Ischemia
|
|
They are lympathic tissue in the back of the throat. They contain white blood cells (lymphocytes) that filter and fight bacteria.
|
Tonsillitis
|
|
What can cause tonsillitis?
|
Streptococcal infection of the throat.
|
|
This is an endocrine disorder. It occurs when the pituatary gland produces an excess of growth hormone after the completion of puberty. The excess growth hormone often results in a benign tumor of the pituitary gland. A person with this is of normal height because the long bones stopped growth of puberty, but bones and soft tissue in the hands, feet and face grow abnormally.
|
Acromegaly
|
|
High levels of growth hormones before puberty produce excessive growth of long bones, as well as acromegaly.
|
Gigantism
|
|
Composed of lymph tissue and blood vessels, it disposes of dying red blood cells and manufactures white blood cells (lymphocytes) to fight disease. This occurs with development of high blood pressure in hepatic veins (portal hypertension) and hemolytic blood diseases. If the spleen is removed other organs carry out theses functions.
|
Splenomegaly
|
|
An inherited disorder in which the bones of the arms and legs fail to grow to normal size because of a defect in cartlige and bone. It results in a type of dwarfism characterized by short limbs, a normal-sized head and body, and normal intelligence.
|
Achondroplasia
|
|
|
|
|
This condition occurs when eyelid muscles weaken; the affected person then has difficultly keeping the eye open. This condition may be congential, can occur with aging or may be associated with a stroke, cranial nerve damage or other neurologic disorders.
|
Blepharoptosis
|
|
Is an incision into the trachea to open it below a blockage.
|
Tracheotomy
|
|
Is an opening into the trachea through which an indwelling tube is inserted. The tube is required to allow air to flow into the lungs or to help remove secretions (mucus) form the bronchial tubes.
|
Tracheostomy
|
|
Is a visual examination of the abdominal (peritoneal) cavity using a laparoscope.
|
Laparoscopy or peritoneoscopy
|
|
In the organs the artery narrows to form the ____ that branch into capillaries.
|
Arteriole
|
|
They are small masses of lymphatic tissue in the part of the pharynx near the nose and nazal passages. Enlargement of these may cause blockage of the airway from the nose to the pharynx and excission may be advised.
|
Adenoids
|