Landforms Created By Erosion And Deposition

Front 1

river

Back 1

large stream that flows across a flood plain

Front 2

stalagmite

Back 2

a cone-shaped deposit of calcite that builds up on the floor of a cave

Front 3

potential energy

Back 3

stored; water at the top of a slope

Front 4

increasing slope

Back 4

increases the power of the river to cause erosion

Front 5

tributary

Back 5

a stream or river that runs into another stream or river

Front 6

meanders

Back 6

a river flowing across a wide flood plain begins to form looplike bends

Front 7

alluvial fan

Back 7

a wide sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range

Front 8

delta

Back 8

built by deposition; a landform built up where a river drops its sediment when it flows into a still body of water (like an ocean or lake)

Front 9

kinetic energy

Back 9

energy in motion; when a river moves sediment and erodes it banks

Front 10

mass movement and runoff

Back 10

causes most sediment to wash or fall into a river

Front 11

increasing speed

Back 11

what happens to a river as more water flows through it

Front 12

water

Back 12

major agent of erosion that shapes Earth's land surface

Front 13

rills

Back 13

tiny grooves in the soil that carry runoff

Front 14

flood plains

Back 14

wide flat areas of land along a river that are covered by water during floods

Front 15

river's flow

Back 15

the volume of water that moves past a given point on the river in a given time

Front 16

abrasion

Back 16

the wearing away of rock by grinding action

Front 17

load

Back 17

the amount of sediment that a river carries

Front 18

runoff

Back 18

all the water that moves over Earth's surface

Front 19

drainage basin

Back 19

the land area from which a river and its tributaries collect water

Front 20

divide

Back 20

the high ground between two drainage basins

Front 21

gullies

Back 21

forms when rills flow into one another and form larger grooves

Front 22

oxbow lake

Back 22

a meander that has been cut off from the river

Front 23

stalactite

Back 23

a cone shaped deposit that hangs from the roof of a cave

Front 24

Formation of a cave

Back 24

Groundwater can cause erosion through chemical weathering. Water sinks into the ground and mixes with CO2 to form carbonic acid (a weak acid). Carbonic acid can break down limestone. Some limestone changes chemically and is carried away in a solution of water. This gradually hollow out pockets in the rock. Over time, pockets develop into large holes called underground-caves.