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45 Cards in this Set
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In a single-story dwelling, ladder crews should open up or remove windows - A) As far away from the fire as possible, prior the the advancement of handlines. B) As close to the fire, after engine crews begin the fire attack. C) As close to the fire, while engine crews begin the fire attack. D) As far away from the fire as possible, after engine crews begin the fire attack.
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As close to the fire, while engine crews begin the fire attack. This can be done from either inside or outside the building, and will immediately improve conditions inside the dwelling for the advancement of hoselines. |
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If the fire is on the first floor of a two-story structure fire, - A) The windows on the first floor closest to the fire should be opened immediately. B) The windows on the second floor closest to the fire should be opened immediately. C) The roof should be opened immediately directly over the area of the fire. D) The ceiling should be removed on the first floor directly over the fire. |
The windows on the first floor closest to the fire should be opened immediately. The first windows to be open are those that show fire and smoke.
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If the fire is on the second floor of a two-story structure fire, - A) The windows on the first floor closest to the fire should be opened immediately, and that floor vented first. B) The windows on the second floor closest to the fire should be opened immediately, and that floor vented first. C) The roof should be opened immediately directly over the area of the fire. D) The ceiling should be removed on the second floor directly over the fire. |
The windows on the second floor closest to the fire should be opened immediately, and that floor vented first. |
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Why is it especially important that attics or cocklofts of two-family dwellings that are side by side, be checked for fire, and vented if necessary? A) To prevent the build up of hot gases and smoke in these areas. B) To search for hidden fire through unobstructed vertical openings in the wall. C) To channel hot gases and smoke from the rooms below. D) To search for fire spread between units that share a common attic. |
To search for fire spread between units that share a common attic. Such dwellings often contain a single common attic where fire can spread from one unit to the other. Fire can also spread in these dwellings through the walls of these side-by-side units. |
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A working fire in an attic should be attacked - A) Through windows close to the seat of the fire. B) Through windows opposite from the seat of the fire. C) From inside the building. D) From multiple ventilation holes on the roof. |
From inside the building. Obviously you never put a hoseline in a ventilation hole. Ladder crews should assist engine company attack lines by opening windows or louvered vents near the area of the fire. |
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Working fires in basements should be ventilated - A) Through all available basement openings. B) Through available openings near the fire. C) In coordination with the movement of attack lines. D) A and C. |
A and C. The first floor should also be thoroughly vented.
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In basement fires, engine company attack lines should attack the fire - A) From the burned side of the building. B) From the unburned side of the building. C) From the basement stairs. D) Only after the basement has been properly vented. |
From the unburned side of the building. |
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In order to vent any roof, ladder crews must be able to get to it. What is the quickest way to access a roof? A) Using ground ladders. B) Using interior stairways. C) Using exterior stairways. D) Using an aerial device. |
Using an aerial device. |
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When using an aerial ladder to access a roof, the ladder should be placed so that - A) The tip of the ladder rests on the corner of the building. B) The tip of the ladder rests against the side of the building. C) The ladder extends beyond the roof several rungs. D) Fire fighters have constant access to it, in case they need to escape quickly. |
The ladder extends beyond the roof several rungs. D is also true, but if you can't see were the ladder has been placed, you may not find it. Lighting should be provided if available. |
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An aerial ladder or platform used for roof access should - A) Be lowered after dropping off ventilation crews to the roof, so that other firefighters can gain access to the roof. B) Remain in place until firefighters leave the roof. C) Should remain in place unless needed for rescue or another operation. D) B and C. |
B and C. The new task should be coordinated between command and the affected companies so everyone knows that conditions have changed.
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At least __ firefighters should be sent to the roof for ventilation operations. A) 1. B) 2. C) 3. D) 4. |
2. If one firefighter becomes injured the other can call for help and render assistance. |
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A roof feature that shows smoke should be opened - A) First. B) Last. C) Only if fire is directly under the roof. D) Only after all other skylights, scuttles, and penthouses are opened first. |
First. This should be done unless fire is directly under the roof. If that is the case, open the roof over the fire first. Skylights, scuttles, and penthouses should then be opened quickly. |
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Once the roof has been vented, the - A) Basement should then be vented. B) First floor should be opened. C) Top floor should be opened. D) A and B. |
Top floor should be opened. Ladder crews should then work there way down to the ground floor, opening windows and performing primary searches as they go. |
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Your ladder crew has been assign to vent a roof in a multistory structure fire. Upon reaching the roof, using aerial apparatus, you discover that the top floor is heavily charged with smoke. What should you do? A) Open all available penthouses, scuttles, air shafts, and penthouses found on the roof. B) Leave the roof and attempt to gain access to the roof from interior stairways. C) Leave the roof and open the top floor windows from the aerial device. D) Leave the roof and low the aerial device to an uninvolved floor and make entrance there. |
Leave the roof and open the top floor windows from the aerial device. If the building is not that high, firefighters on ground ladders can open up the top floor windows. |
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Why should the floor just above the fire floor be thoroughly vented? A) A primary search must be completed. B) The floor needs to be checked for fire extension. C) Venting allows for the advancement of hoselines. D) All the above. |
All the above. |
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When a multiple occupancy is well involved and is one in a row of similar structures, - A) The adjoining occupancies should not be vented to prevent possible fire spread. B) The adjoining occupancies on the downwind side of the fire should be vented. C) The adjoining occupancies on either side of the involved occupancy should be vented. D) The adjoining occupancies on the upwind side of the fire should be vented. |
The adjoining occupancies on either side of the involved occupancy should be vented. The area of the attics and cocklofts should also be checked for extending fire. |
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Adjoining occupancies, not directly involved with the fire should be vented by - A) Opening the roof on the fire side of the occupancy. B) Opening the roof on the windward side of the fire. C) Opening the roof on the leeward side of the fire. D) Opening skylights, scuttles, and penthouses. |
Opening skylights, scuttles, and penthouses. The idea is to keep the damage in these areas to a minimum. But keep in mind that venting these structures will do nothing for venting attics and cocklofts. |
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The principle fire concern when operating at fires involving shopping centers, old row stores, factories, and warehouses is - A) Vertical fire spread. B) Horizontal fire spread. C) Roof ventilation. D) Ventilation through windows and doors. |
Horizontal fire spread. These buildings often have features that provide excellent channels for horizontal fire spread. |
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Ladder companies arriving at working fires in large one-story structures should always assume - A) There are no fire walls between stores or building sections. B) There are shared cocklofts and attics between stores and building sections. C) There are sprinkler units installed that will assist in fire suppression during the incipient stage. D) All the above. |
There are no fire walls between stores or building sections. Ladder crews should be sent to the roof to prepare for ventilation. |
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What is a natural roof feature? A) The way that firefighters refer to the pitch of the roof. A roof is either featured flat, or featured pitched. B) Artificial structures on the roof such as fake walls or peaks. C) Facade store fronts that make the building present a different architectural look from the front, than it does from the back. D) Skylights, scuttles, penthouses and vertical shafts. |
Skylights, scuttles, penthouses and vertical shafts. |
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When should natural roof features be used for ventilation purposes? A) Never. B) Before the roof has been opened at the hot spot. C) Only if they are close enough to the hot spot. D) Always. |
Only if they are close enough to the hot spot. |
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What does a spongy or sagging roof indicate for a building constructed with steel roof girders and joists such as those found in many warehouses, garages, and large one-story superstores? A) The roof is about to collapse. B) The steel has warped and therefore weakened. C) The roof is settling and further movement is unlikely. D) The steel is being tempered by the heat and becoming stronger. |
The steel has warped and therefore weakened. Firefighters should never enter such areas, but rather open the roof as close to the fire as safety permits. |
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After the roof of the fire building has been opened, why should ladder crews open the roofs of attached buildings through natural roof features? A) To ventilate any smoke and heat that has accumulated in those buildings. B) To determine if the fire has spread into the cocklofts of the attached occupancies. C) To prevent accumulated gases in such buildings from igniting. D) All the above. |
All the above. |
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If fire is discovered in the cocklofts or attics of attached buildings close to the building fire, how should firefighters attack the fire? A) Knock all the windows out on the top floor of the attached building and attack the fire. B) Open up all the natural ventilation openings in the attached building, then pull the ceiling on the top floor and attack the fire from below. C) Open up the roof in the attached building, then pull the ceiling on the top floor and attack the fire from below. D) Open up the roof of the attached building and attack the fire from above, using natural vent openings as areas of ventilation. |
Open up the roof in the attached building, then pull the ceiling on the top floor and attack the fire from below. |
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What would you consider to be the worst possible place for a working fire? A) A basement. B) The ground floor. C) Any fire a level beyond the height of your highest ladders. D) On the top floor. |
A basement. A basement fire exposes the entire building and all its occupants to smoke, gases, and heat. |
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As a start, what part of the building containing a basement fire should be ventilated first? A) The basement. B) The first floor. C) Any shafts that lead up to the roof. D) All the above. |
All the above. The sudden release of smoke, gases, and heat from the basement will reduce the chances of vertical extension. Any opening in the basement, such as doors, windows, or bulkheads should be used for venting. |
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If a fire in the basement is being attacked from the rear basement entrance, what windows or opening should be opened? A) The windows near the rear entrance. B) The windows at the front of the building. C) The windows on the sides of the building. D) B and C. |
B and C. If the fire is being attacked from the rear, the front and/or sides (if the building is detached), should be used for ventilation. |
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If a basement fire must be attacked from the front of the building, which windows in the basement should be opened first? A) The windows in the rear of the building. B) The windows in the front of the building. C) The windows on the sides of the building. D) All the windows. |
The windows in the rear of the building. It is best to attack a fire from the unburned side. |
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You and your crew are attempting a fire attack in a basement fire through a single basement door. There are no other openings to the outside except for the door you have entered. How should this basement be ventilated? A) It cannot be ventilated. The door you have entered must serve as the only ventilation point. B) The walls of the basement should be breached at ground level on the wall opposite of the door you entered through. C) The walls of the basement should be breached at ground level on the wall close to the door you entered through. D) The first floor should be opened to the basement, and windows on the first floor should be opened to allow for gases, smoke and heat to be released. |
The first floor should be opened to the basement, and windows on the first floor should be opened to allow for gases, smoke and heat to be released. Smoke ejectors and positive pressure fans can be used for smoke and heat evacuation. |
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The best way to vent an occupied fire-resistant building is through - A) Natural vertical shafts in the building. B) Roof openings. C) It's windows. D) Stairwells. |
It's windows. Ladder crews must force entrance into the rooms, apartments, or offices on both sides of the halls or corridors. |
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What is the advantage of opening windows on both sides of the corridor in a fire-resistant building? A) It reduces the chances of the fire increasing in intensity. B) It removes twice as much smoke and heat. C) It creates cross-ventilation that will speed up ventilation operations. D) It helps engine companies locate the seat of the fire. |
It creates cross-ventilation that will speed up ventilation operations. |
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What floor should be ventilated first in a fire-resistant building? A) The fire floor. B) The floor immediately above the fire. C) The top floor. D) The basement. |
The fire floor. The fire above the fire floor should be vented next. |
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Under what circumstances can doors leading from corridors to stairways be opened in fire resistant buildings? A) If the building is unoccupied or has been completely evacuated. B) If the fire is located on the top floor of the building. C) If the fire has been contained to the basement. D) If the fire is in the incipient phase of combustion. |
If the building is unoccupied or has been completely evacuated. |
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What is the primary responsibility of ladder crews while working at structure fires? A) To locate the seat of the fire, so that engine companies can extinguish it. B) To make their way to the highest point in the structure and ventilate it. C) To extinguish fires as they move through the building. D) To rescue victims that have become lost, trapped, or overcome by smoke and gases. |
To rescue victims that have become lost, trapped, or overcome by smoke and gases. |
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No firefighter should ever be allowed in an elevator without - A) Full PPE, including SCBA. B) A portable radio. C) Forcible entry tools. D) All the above. |
All the above. This holds true for both real fires and potential fire incidents such as fire alarm sounding. |
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Many fire departments do not allow personnel to use elevators during structure fires. For those who do, which of the following would be sound advice? A) Firefighters should travel in an elevator directly to the fire floor. B) Firefighters should travel in an elevator directly to the top floor so they can ventilate the roof. C) Firefighters should travel in an elevator directly to the floor directly above the fire floor. D) Firefighters should travel in an elevator directly to a floor at least 2 to 4 floors below the fire floor, and use the stairs to walk up. |
Firefighters should travel in an elevator directly to a floor at least 2 to 4 floors below the fire floor, and use the stairs to walk up. |
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What does it indicate if smoke is rapidly rising? A) The fire is in the free burning stage. B) The smoke is hot. C) The fire is in the smoldering stage. D) The fire is in the incipient stage. |
The smoke is hot. |
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All the following are signs of an impending backdraft except - A) The smoke is dark black. B) Pressurized smoke coming from cracks and openings. C) Window glass is hot to touch. D) Smoke is leaving the building in puffs or at intervals. |
The smoke is dark black. The smoke from a impending backdraft is gray or yellow color. |
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What is the main fuel of a hot smoldering fire? A) Methylene gas. B) Free radical hydrocarbons. C) Gases emitted from petroleum products that are super heated inside the container. D) Carbon monoxide. |
Carbon monoxide. This cuts off the oxygen supply to the fire, which keeps flames from developing. |
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Your ladder company has responded to a structure fire in a 3 story building. Scene sizeup indicates that there is a smoldering fire inside and there is a high probability that a potential backdraft situation is present. How should this structure be ventilated? A) Ladder companies should enter the building through ground level entrances and move to the roof to ventilate the building. B) Ladder companies must create openings from the outside as high on the building as safely possible. C) Ladder companies must ventilate the windows on the ground floor prior to entering the building. D) Ladder companies should make entry to the building on the ground floor and systematically open windows on each floor while moving to the top floor of the building. |
Ladder companies must create openings from the outside as high on the building as safely possible. This will allow gases to move out of the structure, before becoming ignited. Since the carbon monoxide is the fuel and it is rising, creating an opening at the highest point will afford the safest method for expelling the fuel from the structure. |
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Because backdrafts can create a violent explosion, and release a tremendous blast of fire and heat, firefighter should approach a building from - A) The front of the building. B) From the back of the building. C) From the building sides. D) At an oblique angle. |
At an oblique angle. The blast from a backdraft will occur at the weakest point in the building or in the area that oxygen entered the structure. Approaching the building from the corners helps shield firefighters from the potential blast. |
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When the fire is free burning, when should ventilation begin? |
When the fire is free burning, ventilation should begin at the same time as the initial attack, or as soon after it as possible. |
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When the fire is smoldering or is suspected to be smoldering, when should the building be vented? |
When the fire is smoldering or is suspected to be smoldering, the building must be vented before it is entered. |
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. At least _________ fire fighters should be sent to the roof for venting operations for safety purposes. |
. At least two fire fighters should be sent to the roof for venting operations for safety purposes. |
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roof venting should begin where? |
should begin with whatever natural openings are available? |
